{"id":"DUT-DC-013","kind":"duty","level":"court","jurisdiction":"District of Columbia","state":"DC","metro":"","industry":"","agency":"","eco":"","issuer":"United States District Court for the District of Columbia (McFadden, J.)","authority":"Religious Freedom Restoration Act, 42 U.S.C. sec. 2000bb et seq.; Fed. R. Civ. P. 65","instrument":"Capitol Hill Baptist Church v. Bowser, No. 1:20-cv-02710 (TNM), Memorandum Opinion, ECF No. 43 (D.D.C. Oct. 9, 2020), 496 F. Supp. 3d 284","title":"Memorandum Opinion granting a preliminary injunction against enforcement of the District\u0027s gathering restrictions as applied to the Church\u0027s outdoor worship","dateIssued":"2020-10-09","effective":"2020-10-09","end":"not applicable (judicial decision)","startDate":"2020-10-09","endDate":"2020-12-31","quarters":["2020Q4"],"types":["GATH","EVT","OTHER"],"addressees":["places of worship; persons generally; by the court\u0027s description, every business and organization subject to the Mayor\u0027s Orders"],"clause":"Should it choose to contravene the District\u0027s restrictions, the Church risks incurring civil and administrative penalties, see Mayor\u0027s Order 2020-075 at 12, including fines of $1,000 per violation, D.C. Code sec. 7-2307.","enforcement":"Civil and administrative penalties under D.C. Code sec. 7-2307, \u0027including fines of $1,000 per violation\u0027, and summary suspension or revocation of licences, as recited by the court","functions":[],"notes":"The court\u0027s account of the District\u0027s regime: Mayor\u0027s Orders 2020-045, 2020-046, 2020-053 and 2020-075 and the Phase Two Guidance for Places of Worship capped religious gatherings at 100 persons indoors or out; those who \u0027knowingly violate\u0027 the restrictions \u0027may be subject to civil and administrative penalties authorized by law, including sanctions or penalties for violating D.C. Code sec. 7-2307, including civil fines or summary suspension or revocation of licenses\u0027 (Mem. Op. at 3-4); because contravention is unlawful and penalized, the restrictions impose a substantial burden (at 10-11), and the court enjoined their enforcement against the Church\u0027s outdoor, masked, distanced services. Character as recorded: adjudication (order_penalty layer).","sourceUrl":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCOURTS-dcd-1_20-cv-02710/pdf/USCOURTS-dcd-1_20-cv-02710-0.pdf","snapshot":"","fileExists":true,"fileBytes":356886,"grade":"primary","character":"adjudication","description":"","collection":"DUT-DC","url":"/library/DUT-DC-013","exhibitUrl":"/exhibit/DUT-DC-013","citation":"United States District Court for the District of Columbia (McFadden, J.), Capitol Hill Baptist Church v. Bowser, No. 1:20-cv-02710 (TNM), Memorandum Opinion, ECF No. 43 (D.D.C. Oct. 9, 2020), 496 F. Supp. 3d 284 (Ex. DUT-DC-013)","stateName":"District of Columbia","related":[]}