{"id":"DUT-ND-008","kind":"duty","level":"federal","jurisdiction":"United States (applicable in North Dakota, a federal-OSHA jurisdiction without an approved State plan)","state":"ND","metro":"","industry":"","agency":"","eco":"","issuer":"Congress (Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Pub. L. 91-596, sec. 5, 84 Stat. 1593), administered by OSHA, U.S. Department of Labor (Bismarck Area Office, Region 8)","authority":"29 U.S.C. ch. 15; 29 U.S.C. 654","instrument":"29 U.S.C. 654 (2020 ed.)","title":"Duties of employers and employees (the general duty clause)","dateIssued":"1970-12-29","effective":"standing","end":"standing","startDate":"1970-12-29","endDate":"2021-09-30","quarters":["2020Q2","2020Q3","2020Q4","2021Q1","2021Q2","2021Q3"],"types":["DUTY","EMP"],"addressees":["employers; employees (654(b))"],"clause":"(a) Each employer-- (1) shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees; (2) shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this chapter.","enforcement":"29 U.S.C. 666 (civil penalties for serious, other-than-serious, willful and repeated violations; not in this exhibit)","functions":[],"notes":"Every North Dakota employer was bound throughout the six quarters to furnish a workplace free from the recognized hazard of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and to comply with OSHA standards, which from June 21, 2021 included the COVID-19 Healthcare Emergency Temporary Standard, 29 C.F.R. 1910.502 (Ex. SEC-04-014; ECO-B-012); OSHA\u0027s \u0027Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for COVID-19\u0027 (Mar. 2020; Ex. FED-088) and \u0027Protecting Workers: Guidance on Mitigating and Preventing the Spread of COVID-19 in the Workplace\u0027 (Jan. 29, 2021; Ex. FED-089) stated the controls (distancing, barriers, face coverings, ventilation, screening, isolation of sick workers, cleaning) by which the duty was discharged.","sourceUrl":"https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2020-title29/pdf/USCODE-2020-title29-chap15-sec654.pdf","snapshot":"","fileExists":true,"fileBytes":128162,"grade":"primary","character":"workplace_duty","description":"","collection":"DUT-ND","url":"/library/DUT-ND-008","exhibitUrl":"/exhibit/DUT-ND-008","citation":"Congress (Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Pub. L. 91-596, sec. 5, 84 Stat. 1593), administered by OSHA, U.S. Department of Labor (Bismarck Area Office, Region 8), 29 U.S.C. 654 (2020 ed.) (standing) (Ex. DUT-ND-008)","stateName":"North Dakota","related":["SEC-04-014","ECO-B-012","FED-088","ND-061","ND-034","DUT-ND-007"]}