Maine Legislature (22 M.R.S. chapter 153, Local Health Officers; every municipality's local health officer under the supervision of the Commissioner of Health and Human Services), 22 M.R.S. sec. 451 (appointment), sec. 453 (local board of health), sec. 454-A (powers and duties: inspection of premises where 'conditions posing a public health threat' exist; orders for 'the suppression and removal of nuisances and conditions suspected of posing or found to pose a public health threat'; enforcement of public health laws), sec. 461 (notice to clean or quit unfit premises; closure), sec. 462 (law enforcement assistance) (standing) (Ex. DUT-ME-009)
Kansas Legislature (K.S.A., Revisor of Statutes), K.S.A. 65-201, County boards of health; local health officers; review, amendment or revocation of local health officer orders; approval by board of county commissioners; civil action (text from March 25, 2021) (standing) (Ex. DUT-KS-009)
New York State Legislature (Public Health Law, article 21, title 1); powers exercised by local boards of health and health officers, N.Y. Public Health Law § 2100 (communicable diseases; local boards of health and health officers; powers and duties) (standing) (Ex. DUT-NY-007)
Nevada Legislature; State Board of Health; county, district and city boards of health, Nevada Revised Statutes chapter 439 (Administration of Public Health), NRS 439.010 to 439.990 (standing) (Ex. DUT-NV-002)
Legislature of Mississippi (Mississippi Code of 1972, Title 41, ch. 3); State Board of Health and State Department of Health as the duty-holders, Miss. Code Ann. § 41-3-15(4)(a)-(c), (4)(f), (12) (standing) (Ex. DUT-MS-001)
New York State Legislature (Public Health Law, article 13, title 1); powers exercised by local boards of health and health officers, N.Y. Public Health Law § 1303 (nuisances; local boards of health; general powers and duties) (standing) (Ex. DUT-NY-008)
Legislative Assembly of North Dakota (codified statute administered by the State Department of Health and the local boards of health), N.D.C.C. 23-07-06, 23-07-13, 23-07-14, 23-07-15, 23-07-21 (standing) (Ex. DUT-ND-002)
General Assembly of Arkansas (Acts 1913, No. 96, sec. 6), Ark. Code Ann. 20-7-109, Authority to regulate public health -- Exceptions (standing) (Ex. DUT-AR-002)
Kansas Legislature (K.S.A., Revisor of Statutes), K.S.A. 65-119, Duties of local boards of health and local health officers; contagious diseases (current text, as amended L. 2025, ch. 115, § 2) (standing) (Ex. DUT-KS-002)
New York State Legislature (Public Health Law, article 1, title 2), N.Y. Public Health Law § 12-b (wilful violation of health laws) (standing) (Ex. DUT-NY-002)
Nevada Legislature; enforced by the health authority (the Southern Nevada Health District, the Washoe County Health District, the Carson City Health and Human Services Department and the Division of Public and Behavioral Health), Nevada Revised Statutes chapter 446 (Food Establishments), as in force in 2020-2021 (Wayback Machine capture of the Legislature's chapter page, June 9, 2021), NRS 446.880, 446.935, 446.940, 446.945 (standing) (Ex. DUT-NV-010)
Legislature of Alabama (Code of Alabama 1975, Title 22), Ala. Code §§ 22-2-2 and 22-2-8 (standing) (Ex. DUT-AL-001)
Vermont General Assembly (Title 18, chapter 11, Local Health Officials), 18 V.S.A. sec. 602a (Duties of local health officers) (standing) (Ex. DUT-VT-008)
Connecticut General Assembly (Conn. Gen. Stat. chapter 368e, Municipal Health Authorities), Conn. Gen. Stat. §§ 19a-206 (nuisances; orders; injunctions; closure; civil penalties), 19a-207 (local enforcement of the Public Health Code; DPH enforcement in emergencies), 19a-221 (local quarantine and isolation orders; duty to carry out the Commissioner's emergency orders), 19a-230 (penalty) (standing) (Ex. DUT-CT-002)
Legislative Assembly of North Dakota (codified statute administered by the local boards of health and public health units), N.D.C.C. 23-35-08, 23-35-09, 23-35-12, 23-35-13 (standing) (Ex. DUT-ND-004)
General Assembly of South Carolina, S.C. Code Ann. Title 44, Chapter 1 (Department of Health and Environmental Control), §§ 44-1-80, 44-1-100, 44-1-110, 44-1-140, 44-1-150 (standing) (Ex. DUT-SC-001)
General Assembly of Virginia (Code of Virginia, Title 32.1, Chapter 2, Disease Prevention and Control), Va. Code Title 32.1, Chapter 2 (sections 32.1-35 to 32.1-73.x), including Article 3 Disease Control (sections 32.1-42 Emergency rules and regulations; 32.1-43 Authority of State Health Commissioner to require quarantine, etc.; 32.1-48 Powers of Commissioner in epidemic) and Article 3.01 Isolation and Quarantine of Persons with Communicable Diseases of Public Health Threat (sections 32.1-48.05 to 32.1-48.017) (standing) (Ex. DUT-VA-002)
Arkansas State Board of Health / Arkansas Department of Health, Environmental Health Protection (Nathaniel Smith, M.D., Secretary of Health), Rules Pertaining to Retail Food Establishments (effective September 7, 2019) (standing) (Ex. DUT-AR-015)
Attorney General Austin Knudsen, Montana Department of Justice (press release with the full text of the supervisory letter to Gallatin County Attorney Marty Lambert), Press release and letter, 'AG Knudsen Orders Dismissal of COVID Curfew Case Against Rocking R Bar in Gallatin County' (Gallatin City-County Board of Health and Health Officer Matt Kelley v. Rocking R Bar, Gallatin County Cause No. DV-20-1278B) (Jan. 14, 2021) (Ex. DUT-MT-018)
South Dakota Legislature (codified statute conferring municipal powers), SDCL ch. 9-32, Sanitation and Health Measures (§§ 9-32-1 to 9-32-4) (standing) (Ex. DUT-SD-008)
Kansas Legislature (enrolled Substitute for Senate Bill No. 29, 2025 Session; L. 2025, ch. 115), Substitute for Senate Bill No. 29 (2025), enrolled bill amending K.S.A. 65-101, 65-119 and 65-129b (the struck text is the statute as it stood throughout 2020-2021) (standing) (Ex. DUT-KS-001)
Nebraska Legislature, Neb. Rev. Stat. § 71-501 (standing) (Ex. DUT-NE-001)
West Virginia Legislature (codified statute), W. Va. Code § 16-2-11 (standing) (Ex. DUT-WV-003)
General Assembly of Ohio (Ohio Revised Code, Chapter 3709, Health Districts), Statute (version effective September 29, 2011, Am. Sub. H.B. 153, 129th G.A.) (standing) (Ex. DUT-OH-011)
General Assembly of Ohio (Ohio Revised Code, Chapter 3707, Board of Health), Statute (version effective October 1, 1953, H.B. 1, 100th G.A.; in force through June 22, 2021) (standing) (Ex. DUT-OH-008)
Illinois General Assembly (Counties Code), 55 ILCS 5/5-25013 (powers and duties of county boards of health) (standing) (Ex. DUT-IL-009)
Maryland General Assembly (Health-General Article, Title 18, Subtitle 2), Statute (standing) (Ex. DUT-MD-002)
Mississippi State Board of Health / Mississippi State Department of Health, Office of Communicable Diseases, 15 Miss. Admin. Code Pt. 2, Subpt. 11, ch. 1, Mississippi State Department of Health Rules and Regulations Governing Reportable Diseases and Conditions (standing) (Ex. DUT-MS-004)
General Assembly of Virginia (Code of Virginia, Title 32.1, Chapter 1, Administration Generally), Va. Code Title 32.1, Chapter 1 (sections 32.1-1 to 32.1-34), including sections 32.1-13 (Emergency orders and regulations), 32.1-20 (Commissioner vested with authority of Board), 32.1-26 (Orders; hearing and notice) and 32.1-27 (Penalties, injunctions, civil penalties and charges for violations) (standing) (Ex. DUT-VA-001)
Idaho Legislature (Idaho Code tit. 39, ch. 4, Public Health Districts), Idaho Code section 39-414 (text as in force 2020 through March 18, 2021) (standing) (Ex. DUT-ID-003)
Tennessee General Assembly (codified statute), Tenn. Code Ann. sec. 68-2-603 (standing) (Ex. DUT-TN-004)
Vermont General Assembly (Title 18, chapter 11), 18 V.S.A. sec. 613 (Powers of local board) (standing) (Ex. DUT-VT-009)
Legislature of Alabama (Code of Alabama 1975, Title 22, chapter 11A, article 1), Ala. Code §§ 22-11A-1, 22-11A-3, 22-11A-7 (with § 22-11A-6) (standing) (Ex. DUT-AL-003)
General Assembly of Arkansas (Acts 1895, No. 152; Acts 1913, No. 96, sec. 5), Ark. Code Ann. 20-7-110, Study and prevention of diseases (standing) (Ex. DUT-AR-001)
Legislature of Mississippi (Mississippi Code of 1972, Title 41, ch. 3), Miss. Code Ann. § 41-3-17 (standing) (Ex. DUT-MS-002)
Arkansas State Board of Health / Arkansas Department of Health, Rules and Regulations Pertaining to Reportable Diseases (effective January 1, 2019) (standing) (Ex. DUT-AR-007)
Iowa General Assembly, Iowa Code ch. 137 (2021), including § 137.104 (Local boards of health - powers and duties) and § 137.117 (Penalties - criminal and civil) (standing) (Ex. DUT-IA-008)
Nevada Legislature (codified by the Legislative Counsel Bureau); administered by the State Board of Health, the Division of Public and Behavioral Health and the district health authorities, Nevada Revised Statutes chapter 441A (Infectious Diseases), NRS 441A.010 to 441A.930 (standing) (Ex. DUT-NV-001)
State Board of Health (Virginia Department of Health), 12VAC5-90, Regulations for Disease Reporting and Control (full chapter), including 12VAC5-90-80 (Lists of diseases that shall be reported), 12VAC5-90-90 (Those required to report), 12VAC5-90-100 (Methods), 12VAC5-90-103 (Isolation for communicable disease of public health threat) and 12VAC5-90-107 (Quarantine) (standing) (Ex. DUT-VA-003)
Legislature of Alabama (Code of Alabama 1975, Title 22, chapter 12), Ala. Code ch. 22-12 (Quarantine) (standing) (Ex. DUT-AL-004)
General Court (codified statute; powers exercised by municipal boards of health), G.L. c. 111, s. 31 (standing) (Ex. DUT-MA-004)
General Assembly of North Carolina, N.C. Gen. Stat. ch. 130A, Article 1, secs. 130A-1 to 130A-27, including sec. 130A-2 (definitions of 'imminent hazard', 'isolation authority', 'person', 'quarantine authority'), sec. 130A-17 (right of entry), sec. 130A-18 (injunction), sec. 130A-19 (abatement of public health nuisance), sec. 130A-20 (abatement of an imminent hazard), sec. 130A-23 (suspension and revocation of permits) and sec. 130A-25 (misdemeanor) (standing) (Ex. DUT-NC-002)
New Jersey Legislature (R.S. 1937; amended L.2005, c.222, s.31; L.2012, c.17, s.337), N.J.S.A. 26:4-2, Powers of State department and local board (communicable disease control) (standing) (Ex. DUT-NJ-002)
Washington State Board of Health, Chapter 246-100 WAC (standing) (Ex. DUT-WA-006)
West Virginia Legislature (codified statute), W. Va. Code § 16-3-1 (standing) (Ex. DUT-WV-001)
Washington State Legislature, RCW 43.20.050 (standing) (Ex. DUT-WA-004)
Alabama State Board of Health (State Committee of Public Health), Alabama Department of Public Health, Ala. Admin. Code ch. 420-4-1 (Notifiable Diseases), rules 420-4-1-.02 (Definitions) and 420-4-1-.05 (Control Procedures) (standing) (Ex. DUT-AL-007)
General Court (codified statute administered by the Department of Public Health), G.L. c. 111, s. 6 (standing) (Ex. DUT-MA-002)
Oklahoma Legislature (Oklahoma Public Health Code, administered by the State Board of Health and the State Department of Health), 63 O.S. 1-502 (standing) (Ex. DUT-OK-001)
Idaho Board of Health and Welfare (rulemaking) and Idaho Department of Health and Welfare, Division of Public Health, IDAPA 16.02.10, Idaho Reportable Diseases (2020 edition of the Idaho Administrative Code; subsections of Section 065 amended effective March 20, 2020) (standing) (Ex. DUT-ID-007)
Washington State Legislature, RCW 70.05.060 (standing) (Ex. DUT-WA-003)
Legislature of Mississippi (Mississippi Code of 1972, Title 41, ch. 3), Miss. Code Ann. § 41-3-15 (text in force from July 1, 2020) (standing) (Ex. DUT-MS-003)
Montana Legislature (Mont. Code Ann. 50-2-116, as amended by Ch. 324 and Ch. 408, L. 2021 (HB 121, approved Apr. 16, 2021; HB 257, approved May 7, 2021)), Mont. Code Ann. 50-2-116 (Powers and duties of local boards of health) (cross-reference to Ex. MT-073) (standing) (Ex. DUT-MT-029)
Supreme Court of Alabama (Bolin, J.), Munza v. Ivey, No. 1200003 (Ala. Mar. 19, 2021), 334 So. 3d 211 (Ex. DUT-AL-020)
General Assembly of Ohio (Ohio Revised Code, Chapter 3707), Statute (version effective May 28, 2013, S.B. 26, 130th G.A.) (standing) (Ex. DUT-OH-009)
Oklahoma State Department of Health (State Board of Health rules; Consumer Health Service), OAC 310:257 (Food Establishments), text effective Sept. 11, 2016 (OSDH 'unofficial version' edited Nov. 14, 2016) (Ex. DUT-OK-016)
Legislature of Alabama (Code of Alabama 1975, Title 22), Ala. Code § 22-2-14 (standing) (Ex. DUT-AL-002)
Legislature of Mississippi (Mississippi Code of 1972, Title 41, ch. 23), Miss. Code Ann. § 41-23-1 (standing) (Ex. DUT-MS-009)
Kentucky General Assembly (KRS ch. 212, Local Health Programs), KRS 212.245 (standing) (Ex. DUT-KY-005)
General Court (codified statute; powers exercised by municipal boards of health), G.L. c. 111, s. 95 (standing) (Ex. DUT-MA-005)
Department of Public Health (regulation), 105 CMR 300.100 (standing) (Ex. DUT-MA-011)
Oklahoma Legislature (Oklahoma Public Health Code; administered by local health officers under the State Board of Health's rules), 63 O.S. 1-504 (standing) (Ex. DUT-OK-002)
Washington State Board of Health, WAC 246-215-08455 (Washington Retail Food Code) (standing) (Ex. DUT-WA-015)
Department of Public Health (State Sanitary Code, Chapter X; enforced by local boards of health), 105 CMR 590.014(A) (standing) (Ex. DUT-MA-019)
General Assembly of Arkansas (Acts 1881, No. 85, secs. 8-9), Ark. Code Ann. 20-7-113, Nuisances (standing) (Ex. DUT-AR-004)
General Assembly of Georgia (Ga. L. 1958, p. 371, sections 2, 4 and 7; Code 1933, sections 88-1002, 88-1004, 88-1006, enacted by Ga. L. 1964, p. 499, section 1; as amended), O.C.G.A. sections 26-2-371, 26-2-373 and 26-2-375 (standing) (Ex. DUT-GA-014)
Legislature of Alabama (SB 30, 2021 Regular Session, by Senator Orr); approved by Governor Ivey February 12, 2021, Act 2021-4 (SB 30, Enrolled), the Alabama COVID Immunity Act, codified at Ala. Code § 6-5-790 et seq. (Feb. 12, 2021) (Ex. DUT-AL-015)
General Court (codified statute; duties of selectmen and boards of health), G.L. c. 111, s. 104 (standing) (Ex. DUT-MA-006)
General Court (codified statute; powers of municipal boards of health), G.L. c. 111, s. 122 (standing) (Ex. DUT-MA-007)
Montana Legislature (67th), Senate Bill 65, Ch. 2, L. 2021, Mont. Code Ann. 27-1-1601 (SB 65 sec. 1) (Feb. 10, 2021) (Ex. DUT-MT-015)
State Board of Health (Virginia Department of Health), 12VAC5-421-3770, Summary suspension of a permit (Food Regulations), text as in force in 2020 (standing) (Ex. DUT-VA-013)
Washington State Legislature, RCW 70.05.120 (standing) (Ex. DUT-WA-002)
Colorado State Board of Health (rules administered by CDPHE, Disease Control and Environmental Epidemiology Division), 6 CCR 1009-1, Epidemic and Communicable Disease Control (Regulations 1-11), version adopted Apr. 17, 2019, effective June 14, 2019 (standing) (Ex. DUT-CO-017)
Nebraska Legislature, Neb. Rev. Stat. § 71-1631.01 (standing) (Ex. DUT-NE-007)
General Assembly of Ohio (Sub. S.B. 22, 134th G.A., passed notwithstanding the Governor's veto March 24, 2021), Statute (version effective June 23, 2021, Sub. S.B. 22, 134th G.A.) (standing) (Ex. DUT-OH-002)
Washington State Board of Health, WAC 246-101-425 (standing) (Ex. DUT-WA-007)
Morgantown City Council, Emergency Ordinance No. 2020-5, Art. II §§ 1-4 (cross-reference to Ex. WV-083; not re-saved) (Sept. 1, 2020) (Ex. DUT-WV-030)
General Assembly of Arkansas (Acts 1913, No. 96, sec. 28), Ark. Code Ann. 20-7-101, Violations -- Penalties (standing) (Ex. DUT-AR-003)
Department of Public Health (regulation), 105 CMR 300.210 (standing) (Ex. DUT-MA-010)
West Virginia Legislature (codified statute), W. Va. Code § 16-3-2 (standing) (Ex. DUT-WV-002)
Nevada State Board of Health, Nevada Administrative Code chapter 441A (Communicable Diseases), including NAC 441A.225-441A.255 (reporting duties), 441A.280 (duty of persons to cooperate), 441A.282-441A.283 (orders of examination, isolation and quarantine), 441A.855 (emergency isolation or quarantine) (standing) (Ex. DUT-NV-008)
133rd General Assembly of Ohio (Am. Sub. H.B. 606), signed by Governor Mike DeWine, Enrolled act (uncodified temporary law) (Sept. 14, 2020) (Ex. DUT-OH-020)
Vermont General Assembly (Title 18, chapter 3), 18 V.S.A. sec. 130 (Civil enforcement) (standing) (Ex. DUT-VT-003)
Colorado General Assembly (OLLS, Colorado Revised Statutes 2018), C.R.S. §§ 25-4-1609 (Disciplinary actions - closure - revocation - suspension - review) and 25-4-1611 (Violation - penalties) (standing) (Ex. DUT-CO-015)
General Assembly of Georgia (Code 1933, section 88-1204, enacted by Ga. L. 1964, p. 499, section 1; amended by Ga. L. 2002, p. 1386, section 9), O.C.G.A. section 31-12-4 (standing) (Ex. DUT-GA-001)
Department of Public Health (regulation under G.L. c. 111, ss. 6, 7 and 109 and related sections), 105 CMR 300.200 (standing) (Ex. DUT-MA-009)
General Assembly of Ohio (Ohio Revised Code, Chapter 3701), Statute (version effective February 12, 2004, Am. Sub. H.B. 6, 125th G.A.) (standing) (Ex. DUT-OH-006)
Washington State Board of Health, WAC 246-215-02115 (Washington Retail Food Code) (standing) (Ex. DUT-WA-014)
Legislature of Alabama (Alabama Emergency Management Act of 1955), Ala. Code § 31-9-8(a)(1), (5), (6) (standing) (Ex. DUT-AL-012)
Arizona Legislature (Arizona Revised Statutes, title 36, ch. 6, art. 4), Statute (standing) (Ex. DUT-AZ-004)
Idaho Legislature (Idaho Code tit. 56, ch. 10, Department of Health and Welfare), Idaho Code section 56-1003(7) (text as in force March 2020 through June 30, 2021) (standing) (Ex. DUT-ID-001)
New Jersey Legislature (R.S. 1937), N.J.S.A. 26:3-46, Abatement of nuisances (with 26:3-31 ordinance powers, 26:3-45 power to define nuisance, 26:3-64 rule-making, 26:3-70 penalty up to $500) (standing) (Ex. DUT-NJ-016)
General Assembly of Ohio (Ohio Revised Code, Chapter 3709), Statute (version effective September 24, 1999, H.B. 58, 123rd G.A.) (standing) (Ex. DUT-OH-012)
Arizona Legislature (Arizona Revised Statutes, title 36, ch. 6, art. 1), Statute (standing) (Ex. DUT-AZ-012)
General Assembly of Georgia (Code 1933, section 88-301, enacted by Ga. L. 1964, p. 499, section 1), O.C.G.A. sections 31-5-8 and 31-5-9 (standing) (Ex. DUT-GA-004)
Kansas Legislature (K.S.A., Revisor of Statutes), K.S.A. 65-159, Nuisances, sources of filth and causes of sickness; examination; orders to owner or occupant; penalty (standing) (Ex. DUT-KS-012)
Kentucky General Assembly (KRS ch. 212), KRS 212.990 (standing) (Ex. DUT-KY-016)
Oklahoma Legislature (Oklahoma Penal Code), 21 O.S. 1195 (standing) (Ex. DUT-OK-004)
Kansas Legislature (K.S.A., Revisor of Statutes), K.S.A. 65-126, Quarantine of area by secretary when local authorities neglect to act (standing) (Ex. DUT-KS-003)
New Jersey Legislature (L.1947, c. 177, s. 9; amended L.1974, c. 150), N.J.S.A. 26:1A-9, Force and effect of Code; enforcement; local regulations (standing) (Ex. DUT-NJ-004)
New Jersey Legislature (L.1947, c. 177, s. 10; amended L.1953, c. 26; L.1993, c. 55), N.J.S.A. 26:1A-10, Violation of State Sanitary Code, penalty (standing) (Ex. DUT-NJ-005)
General Assembly of Georgia (Code 1933, section 88-1203, enacted by Ga. L. 1964, p. 499, section 1; amended 2002), O.C.G.A. section 31-12-3 (standing) (Ex. DUT-GA-002)
Iowa General Assembly, Iowa Code § 139A.4 (2021), Type and length of isolation or quarantine (standing) (Ex. DUT-IA-001)
Legislative Assembly of North Dakota (codified statute), N.D.C.C. 12.1-32-01, 12.1-32-01.1 (standing) (Ex. DUT-ND-006)
Governor Charles D. Baker, COVID-19 Order No. 13 (Mar. 23, 2020) (library exhibit MA-008; cross-reference, not re-saved) (Ex. DUT-MA-021)
General Assembly of Ohio (Ohio Revised Code, Chapter 3707), Statute (version effective February 12, 2004, Am. Sub. H.B. 6, 125th G.A.) (standing) (Ex. DUT-OH-010)
