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The COVID Project

The Industries

Twenty-seven industries, one record

How the orders of March 2020 through September 2021 reached each kind of business: its premises, its workforce, its customers, its suppliers and its calendar. Pick your industry below, or find it by NAICS code or a plain word.

27 industries1,189 sector instruments indexed1,144 organizer notices of cancelled meetings and seasonsEvery industry page links to the State, metro and federal orders that reached it.

99.4% of U.S. employer firms under 500 employees, and 99.3 percent of employer firms of every size, fall within these twenty-seven industries, measured on the Census Bureau's Statistics of U.S. Businesses for 2019 (employer-firm industry records, 2017 NAICS; Ex. LAW-405). A business outside them takes the analysis of the industry whose orders governed it; the finder below places a NAICS code or a plain word.

Find my industry by NAICS code or keyword

Type what the business does (bakery, dentist, trucking, church) or the first digits of its NAICS code. The result names the industry analysis on this site.

Try: bakery dentist gym trucking church landscaping 7225 23

1 match for “7225”Clear

NAICS	What the business does	Industry analysis on this site
7225industry group	Restaurants and Other Eating PlacesRestaurants: dine-in prohibitions (Mar. 2020) (DR); capacity steps, distancing, party-size, curfew and mask orders; winter 2020-21 re-closures (CA, PA, MI, IL, WA, others); takeout and delivery rules (TO).	05 Restaurants and Food Service

Twenty-seven analyses

Pick your industry

Build a report for your State, metro and industry →

Industry 01Hospitals and Health SystemsThe hospital industry is the one sector of the economy that governmental orders reached in every quarter of the claim period by name, by license and by federal condition of participation.…112 instruments32 meetings Industry 02Physician Practices and Outpatient CareThe industry is the ambulatory layer of American medicine: NAICS 6211 offices of physicians (establishments of M.D.s and D.O.s in independent general or specialized practice, in their own…74 instruments27 meetings Industry 03Dental PracticesThe dental profession was the one health care sector that governments closed to routine commerce almost everywhere at once.59 instruments51 meetings Industry 04Home Care, Nursing and Senior LivingThe industry operated for the whole claim period inside a federal regulatory layer that no other industry carries, and that layer is force of law.70 instruments36 meetings Industry 05Restaurants and Food ServiceThe restaurant, bar, catering and food-service industry is the industry the orders named first and released last.20 instruments8 meetings Industry 06Hotels, Travel and TourismThe lodging, travel and event-venue industry is the industry the Suspension Clause describes in terms: its commerce is travel and its revenue is the group meeting.36 instruments58 meetings Industry 07Retail TradeRetail trade was the industry the closure orders named first and released last among the sectors that were permitted to operate at all.41 instruments56 meetings Industry 08Dealers and Repair ShopsThe regime for this industry had three layers in every State, and the layers fell on different functions.20 instruments21 meetings Industry 09ConstructionConstruction was the industry the March 2020 orders split in two.45 instruments34 meetings Industry 10ManufacturingThe conclusion. Manufacturing was reached by orders in every one of the six claimable quarters, and the proof is not a matter of inference: the governors of the largest manufacturing States…46 instruments32 meetings Industry 11Logistics, Warehousing and WholesaleThe industry that moved every other industry's goods was never closed as such, and that is the point of its record: every order that closed, capped or reconfigured a shipper, a receiver, a…20 instruments64 meetings Industry 12Professional and Information ServicesThe professional, technical and information services industry is the office economy: about 10.8 million employees in NAICS 54 and roughly 3 million in NAICS 51 (BLS, Industries at a Glance…69 instruments91 meetings Industry 13Financial ServicesFinancial services was reached by governmental orders in every quarter of the claim period, and reached in a way no other industry was: Congress and the federal housing agencies rewrote the…73 instruments55 meetings Industry 14Real EstateReal estate is the industry whose every revenue function runs through a physical place, a public office and a face-to-face act: a showing in a stranger's home, an open house for the public…82 instruments23 meetings Industry 15Education and Child CareEducation and child care is the one industry whose premises every State closed by name in March 2020 and whose operations every State then regulated by instrument through the last day of the…83 instruments42 meetings Industry 16Religious Organizations and NonprofitsHouses of worship were the one class of employer that Congress named in the Suspension Clause (orders limiting group meetings 'for commercial, social, religious, or other purposes'), and the…105 instruments34 meetings Industry 17Fitness, Arts, Entertainment and SportsThe conclusion: this industry was named first and released last.17 instruments67 meetings Industry 18Personal Care and Other ServicesThe personal-services industry was the paradigm target of the spring 2020 closure orders.41 instruments38 meetings Industry 19Staffing and Support ServicesThis is the industry that exists only inside other industries' premises, and the orders reached it through every door they closed.35 instruments30 meetings Industry 20Agriculture and Food ProcessingThe conclusion. Agriculture and food processing were reached by orders in every one of the six claimable quarters, and the proof begins with the President's own words. Executive Order 13917…37 instruments66 meetings Industry 21Passenger Transportation and Travel ServicesPassenger transportation and travel services is the industry whose commerce is the movement of people in groups, and it was reached by every layer of the orders in every quarter.7 instruments43 meetings Industry 22Rental and LeasingThe rental and leasing industry sells the use of things other people need for a job, a trip, an event or a household, so every governmental order that stopped the job, the trip, the event or…17 instruments52 meetings Industry 23Mining, Oil and Gas, and Energy ServicesExtraction was the industry the orders touched from three directions at once, and every direction was an order of an appropriate governmental authority limiting commerce, travel or group…29 instruments28 meetings Industry 24Social Assistance and Community ServicesThe industry is the set of employers that deliver publicly funded care and support outside institutions: adult day care and adult day health centers, senior centers and congregate-meal…11 instruments21 meetings Industry 25Weddings, Events and Production ServicesThe conclusion: no industry in the United States was defined by the words of the Suspension Clause more exactly than this one.12 instruments61 meetings Industry 26Veterinary and Animal ServicesThe veterinary and animal-services industry is the health-care sector Congress never separated from the rest of medicine when it wrote the Suspension Clause, and the governmental orders of…9 instruments38 meetings Industry 27Colleges, Universities and Community CollegesHigher education was closed by orders of appropriate governmental authorities in every State in March 2020, reopened in the fall of 2020 only on conditions those authorities prescribed, was…19 instruments36 meetings

How the industry pages are built

Eight pages from one record

Every industry has an overview and seven analysis pages: how a typical employer operates, the orders by layer, the six quarters, function by function, the interconnected economy, the Service's positions answered, and findings. Each page carries its own notes, and every exhibit ID on it opens the instrument in the Library.

The overview applies the partial-suspension test to the industry in five steps: the order, the function it reached, the change it compelled, the quarter, and the statute's answer. The same five steps run through every report the site builds for your own State, metro and quarters.

Not legal advice

The COVID Project is a public reference. It is not legal advice and it sells nothing. For advice about your own claim, talk to a professional who knows your facts.