The COVID Project
The record
- Level
- Legal authority
- Authority
- Gross v. FBL Financial Services, Inc., 557 U.S. 167 (2009)
- Issued
- 2009-06-18 June 18, 2009
- In force
- June 18, 2009 (no end date recorded; counted as in force for 120 days)
- Character
- case
Operative words
To establish a disparate-treatment claim under the plain language of the ADEA, therefore, a plaintiff must prove that age was the "but-for" cause of the employer's adverse decision.... "[i]n common talk, the phrase 'based on' indicates a but-for causal relationship and thus a necessary logical condition" and... the statutory phrase, "based on," has the same meaning as the phrase, "because of"