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Columbus

The Columbus file holds 55 instruments from the counties, cities, health officers, courts and transit authorities of the area, 55 of them with the exhibit file held by The COVID Project. The statewide orders that ran over the same ground are in the Ohio file.

Code CMHState OhioFirst closure or stay-at-home order Mar. 17, 2020 Ex. MET-CMH-007Orders reaching 2021 Q3 20Primary source read 51 Confirmed from a secondary source 4
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The Columbus file

The record in brief

ScopeColumbus and Franklin County, Ohio: City of Columbus (Mayor, City Council, Board of Health and Columbus Public Health, which also serves the City of Worthington by contract), Franklin County Public Health (the general health district for the balance of the county), the Franklin County Board of Commissioners, the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas (General Division) and the Franklin County Municipal Court, the Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA), and the Franklin County suburbs that issued their own instruments (Bexley, Dublin, Gahanna, Grandview Heights, Hilliard, Upper Arlington, Westerville, Whitehall, Worthington). Statewide Ohio instruments are cited by name and date only.

Franklin County's local regime was layered on top of Ohio's statewide orders and, in three respects, went beyond them. First, the emergency predicate: the Columbus Board of Health declared a public health emergency for Columbus and Worthington on March 13, 2020 (Res. 20-08, Ex. MET-CMH-004), the Mayor declared a City state of emergency by Executive Order 2020-01 on March 18, 2020, and the Health Commissioner renewed the public health emergency every thirty days without a break through February 2022 (Exs. MET-CMH-014, -033, -036, -039, -041, -052), so that on every day of every claimable quarter, including July 1 through September 30, 2021, a declared local public health emergency was in force in Columbus and Worthington. The Health Commissioner used that predicate on March 17, 2020 to order every salad bar and buffet in Columbus and Worthington closed (Ex. MET-CMH-007). Second, the courts: the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division, issued a numbered series of General Orders in response to the COVID-19 public health emergency beginning March 13, 2020 (Exs. MET-CMH-001, -008, -012, -013, -024, -030, -034, -035, -042, -046, -053) that continued all civil and criminal jury trials and hearings from March 16 through May 29, 2020, cancelled Sheriff's sales and stayed all orders of sale and writs of possession, continued garnishment, replevin and forcible-entry hearings, cut courthouse hours to 8:00 a.m.-3:00 p.m., ran a rotating alternating-week docket from June 1, 2020 through April 2, 2021 and again for jury trials from July 6 through December 31, 2021, suspended jury trials from November 23, 2020 until April 5, 2021, and required masks of every person entering the courthouse (from May 19, 2020; relaxed for the vaccinated on July 27, 2021; reimposed universally on August 6, 2021). The Franklin County Municipal Court, the county's court for evictions, small claims, traffic and misdemeanors, continued all non-prisoner hearings and suspended eviction, small-claims and traffic arraignment dockets from March 16 to April 20, 2020 (Exs. MET-CMH-003, -006), applied the CDC eviction moratorium through 2021 (Exs. MET-CMH-040, -045, -055) and on August 5, 2021 ordered that no person be admitted to the courthouse without a face covering (Administrative Order 12-2021, Ex. MET-CMH-044). Third, masks: when the State had not yet acted, Bexley (orders approved June 26, effective July 3, 2020), Columbus (Mayor's Executive Order 08-2020 of July 2, 2020 and Ordinance 1643-2020, effective 8:00 a.m. July 7, 2020, Ex. MET-CMH-018), Whitehall (July 2, Ex. MET-CMH-015), Dublin (July 3, Ex. MET-CMH-016), Grandview Heights (July 3, Ex. MET-CMH-017), Hilliard (July 6, effective July 7, Ex. MET-CMH-019), Westerville (July 6, effective July 8, Ex. MET-CMH-020), Upper Arlington and Worthington (July 6, effective July 7) each mandated face coverings for customers and employees of every place of business, with civil penalties on businesses that failed to enforce them. Columbus's ordinance bound every place of business to refuse transactions with non-compliant customers and stayed in force for eleven months, until Council repealed it on June 7, 2021 (signed June 8; Ex. MET-CMH-038), a week after the State's orders ended on June 2, 2021. Columbus also ordered bars, night clubs and restaurants to end on-site sales at 10:00 p.m. (Ordinance 1821-2020, passed July 27, 2020, effective July 28; Ex. MET-CMH-028); the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas granted a temporary restraining order against its enforcement on July 28, 2020 (Serrott, J.), and the State's Liquor Control Commission emergency rule of July 31, 2020 imposed the same 10:00 p.m. last call statewide; Council repealed the ordinance on October 5, 2020 (Ex. MET-CMH-029). In the winter of 2020-21 Columbus Public Health and Franklin County Public Health issued a joint Stay at Home Advisory effective 6:00 p.m. November 20, 2020, extended to January 2 and then January 23, 2021 (Ex. MET-CMH-031), and COTA, which had suspended fares and moved to rear-door boarding on March 19, 2020, cut service on March 16-23, 2020, imposed an Essential Travel Only policy on April 3, 2020 and capped riders at twenty per vehicle, did not resume fares until January 11, 2021 (Ex. MET-CMH-032). The third quarter of 2021 was not a quarter without orders in Franklin County. On July 1, 2021 the Columbus public health emergency (renewed June 23, Ex. MET-CMH-039), the Common Pleas General Orders (Twelfth, July 27, Ex. MET-CMH-042), the Municipal Court's eviction orders and the federal transit mask order on every COTA vehicle were in force. On August 5-6, 2021 the two health commissioners issued an indoor mask advisory (Ex. MET-CMH-043), the Municipal Court barred unmasked persons from the courthouse (Ex. MET-CMH-044) and the Common Pleas court reimposed universal masking (Ex. MET-CMH-046). On September 7, 2021 Columbus Public Health required every employee to be vaccinated by November 1, 2021 (Ex. MET-CMH-047). On September 10, 2021 Mayor Ginther proclaimed a renewed state of emergency and ordered face coverings in every indoor area accessible to the public, in every place of business, in manufacturing, construction and agricultural workplaces where distancing is difficult, and on every vehicle for hire and public transit conveyance in the City (Executive Order 2021-01, Ex. MET-CMH-048); Council codified it as Ordinance 2388-2021, effective 8:00 a.m. September 14, 2021 (Exs. MET-CMH-050, -051), and Bexley and Whitehall (September 10) and Worthington (September 16) followed. Those mandates ran until March 7, 2022. Ohio never preempted these municipal mandates; Senate Bill 22 (effective June 23, 2021) constrained the State and local health departments, not home-rule municipalities, which is why Columbus acted by mayoral proclamation and Council ordinance in September 2021. Grades are stated instrument by instrument: 51 of the 55 exhibits are graded verified_primary; the agency releases used in place of order texts, and instruments known only from recitals in other orders or from contemporaneous press, are graded verified_secondary.

The six quarters

What the record shows in force in Columbus on the first day and the last day of each quarter. Every exhibit named here opens its record. The orders of March 13 to 31, 2020 belong to the second quarter of 2020, because wages paid after March 12, 2020 fall in that quarter.

QuarterFirst dayLast day
2020 Q2Second quarter of 2020The quarter nationally →In force: Columbus Board of Health public health emergency (Res. 20-08, Ex. MET-CMH-004; delegation Res. 20-09, Ex. MET-CMH-005); Mayor's Executive Order 2020-01 state of emergency (Mar. 18, 2020; non-frontline City workforce sent home); Health Commissioner's Order closing salad bars and buffets in Columbus and Worthington (Mar. 17, 2020, Ex. MET-CMH-007); Common Pleas Second General Order (Mar. 20, 2020, Ex. MET-CMH-008: jury trials and hearings continued Mar. 16-Apr. 13, Sheriff's sales cancelled, orders of sale and writs of possession stayed 60 days, duty-magistrate hearings continued, hours 8-3); Municipal Court operations plan (Exs. MET-CMH-003, -006: all non-prisoner hearings continued, eviction, small-claims and traffic arraignment dockets suspended to Apr. 20); COTA fare suspension, rear-door boarding and reduced service (Mar. 16-23, 2020) with the Essential Travel Only policy from Apr. 3 (Ex. MET-CMH-032); Hilliard EO 2020-010 closing the Municipal Building (Ex. MET-CMH-009); Grandview Heights civil emergency (Ex. MET-CMH-010); Gahanna ORD-033-2020 (Ex. MET-CMH-011); Dublin City Manager's state of emergency (Mar. 17, 2020); Franklin County Board of Health Res. 20-044 (Mar. 18, 2020). Statewide: ODH Stay at Home Order (Mar. 22, 2020) and its amendment (Apr. 2, 2020).In force: Columbus public health emergency (renewed June 29, 2020, Ex. MET-CMH-014); Common Pleas Fourth General Order (May 19, 2020, Ex. MET-CMH-013: rotating alternating-week docket June 1-Aug. 28, hours 8-3, masks required of every person entering the courthouse); Municipal Court reduced operations; COTA fare suspension, rear-door boarding, 20-rider cap; Bexley face covering orders approved June 26 (effective July 3); Franklin County Board of Health face-covering resolution (June 29, 2020). Statewide: Responsible RestartOhio and Dine Safe Ohio sector orders.
2020 Q3Third quarter of 2020The quarter nationally →As on June 30, 2020, plus the suburban mask mandates about to take effect (Bexley July 3; Whitehall July 2; Dublin and Grandview Heights July 3; Columbus EO 08-2020 July 2 and Ordinance 1643-2020 July 7; Hilliard and Worthington July 7; Westerville July 8; Upper Arlington July 6).In force: Columbus Ordinances 1643-2020 and 1807-2020 (face coverings in every place of business; businesses to transact only with compliant customers; civil penalties; Exs. MET-CMH-018, -026); Board of Health Res. 20-11 enforcement resolution (Ex. MET-CMH-021); public health emergency (renewed Sept. 25, 2020 through Oct. 26); Common Pleas Fifth General Order (July 23, 2020, Ex. MET-CMH-024: rotating docket June 1-Dec. 31, 2020; hours 8-3; masks); Whitehall proclamation (Ex. MET-CMH-015); Westerville EO 2020-01 (Ex. MET-CMH-020); Worthington and Upper Arlington ordinances; Bexley city-wide requirements (from July 30, 2020); COTA fare suspension and rider cap; Ordinance 1821-2020 (10:00 p.m. closing) enjoined July 28, 2020 and displaced by the State's Rule 80 of July 31, 2020. Statewide: Director's Order for Facial Coverings (July 23, 2020) and Rule 80.
2020 Q4Fourth quarter of 2020The quarter nationally →As on Sept. 30, 2020; Ordinance 1821-2020 repealed Oct. 5, 2020 (Ex. MET-CMH-029).In force: Columbus mask ordinance; public health emergency (renewed Dec. 25, 2020 through Jan. 23, 2021, Ex. MET-CMH-033); Common Pleas Sixth General Order (Nov. 10, 2020, Ex. MET-CMH-030: rotating docket through Apr. 2, 2021; masks; hours 8-3) and the suspension of jury trials from Nov. 23, 2020; CPH/FCPH Stay at Home Advisory (effective 6:00 p.m. Nov. 20, 2020, extended to Jan. 2, then Jan. 23, 2021; Ex. MET-CMH-031); COTA fare suspension (to Jan. 10, 2021). Statewide: 10:00 p.m.-5:00 a.m. curfew (Nov. 19, 2020) and retail mask compliance order (Nov. 13, 2020).
2021 Q1First quarter of 2021The quarter nationally →As on Dec. 31, 2020.In force: Columbus mask ordinance; public health emergency (renewed Mar. 24, 2021 through Apr. 23, Ex. MET-CMH-036); Common Pleas Eighth and Tenth General Orders (Jan. 21 and Mar. 2, 2021, Exs. MET-CMH-034, -035: jury trials suspended until Apr. 5, 2021; rotating docket through Apr. 2; masks; distancing; hours 8-3); COTA fares resumed Jan. 11, 2021 while the CDC conveyance mask order (Feb. 1, 2021) governed every COTA vehicle.
2021 Q2Second quarter of 2021The quarter nationally →As on Mar. 31, 2021; jury trials resumed Apr. 5, 2021 under continuing protocols.In force: Columbus public health emergency (renewed June 23, 2021 through July 22, Ex. MET-CMH-039); Common Pleas Eleventh General Order (June 4, 2021); Municipal Court Administrative Order Concerning Operations (May 19, 2021, Ex. MET-CMH-037) and Administrative Order regarding the CDC eviction moratorium extension (June 24, 2021, Ex. MET-CMH-040); CDC/TSA mask requirement on COTA. Not in force: Columbus Ordinances 1643-2020 and 1807-2020 (repealed June 8, 2021, Ex. MET-CMH-038); statewide orders (rescinded June 2, 2021).
2021 Q3Third quarter of 2021The quarter nationally →In force: Columbus public health emergency (Ex. MET-CMH-039, renewed July 23 (Ex. MET-CMH-041), Aug. 22 and Sept. 21, 2021 (Ex. MET-CMH-052)); Common Pleas Eleventh General Order, superseded July 27 by the Twelfth (Ex. MET-CMH-042: rotating jury docket July 6-Oct. 29, 2021; masks for the unvaccinated; 6-foot distancing); Municipal Court eviction-moratorium order (Ex. MET-CMH-040); CDC/TSA mask order on COTA vehicles and facilities.In force: Columbus Mayor's Executive Order 2021-01 (Sept. 10, 2021, Ex. MET-CMH-048: renewed state of emergency; face coverings in all indoor areas accessible to the public, in places of business, in high-density manufacturing, construction and agricultural workplaces, on transit and vehicles for hire; county agencies ordered to mask on-site workers); Columbus Ordinance 2388-2021 (effective 8:00 a.m. Sept. 14, 2021, Exs. MET-CMH-050, -051; civil penalties); Bexley indoor mask mandate (Sept. 10, Ex. MET-CMH-049); Whitehall mandate (Sept. 10); Worthington ordinance (passed Sept. 13, effective Sept. 16, six months); public health emergency renewal (Sept. 21-Oct. 20, 2021, Ex. MET-CMH-052); Common Pleas Thirteenth General Order (Aug. 6, 2021, Ex. MET-CMH-046: every person entering the courthouse masked; all employees masked; distancing; rotating jury docket); Municipal Court Administrative Order 12-2021 (Aug. 5, 2021, Ex. MET-CMH-044: no admission without a face covering) and Administrative Order on eviction filings (Aug. 5, 2021, Ex. MET-CMH-045); CPH employee vaccination requirement (Sept. 7, 2021; deadline Nov. 1, 2021; Ex. MET-CMH-047); Franklin County Board of Commissioners mask requirement in county buildings and employee vaccination-or-testing rule (proof by Oct. 18, 2021); Franklin County Recorder vaccination-or-testing rule (testing from Sept. 7, 2021); CPH/FCPH indoor mask advisory (Aug. 5, 2021, Ex. MET-CMH-043); Ohio State University indoor mask requirement (Aug. 2, 2021) and vaccination requirement (Aug. 24, 2021); Columbus City Schools and the principal suburban districts' mask requirements for the 2021-22 year; CDC/TSA mask order on COTA.

The end of general restrictions

The day the general business restrictions ended in Columbus, the instrument that ended them, and what the record shows still in force afterward. The end of the general orders is not the end of the record: sector rules, standing duties and the federal layer continue past it.

End of general restrictions

Instrument City of Columbus Ordinance 1352-2021 (repealing Ordinances 1643-2020 and 1807-2020), passed June 7, 2021, signed and effective June 8, 2021 (Ex. MET-CMH-038), following the Ohio Department of Health's rescission of the statewide orders effective June 2, 2021

What remained in force

The Columbus Board of Health public health emergency declaration of March 13, 2020, renewed every thirty days through February 17, 2022 (renewals of June 23, July 23, August 22 and September 21, 2021 covered the whole of the third quarter of 2021; Exs. MET-CMH-039, -041, -052); the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas General Orders (Eleventh, June 4, 2021; Twelfth, July 27, 2021; Thirteenth, August 6, 2021; Fourteenth, October 8, 2021), with rotating jury dockets, courthouse mask requirements and distancing; the Franklin County Municipal Court's administrative orders on operations (May 19, 2021), the CDC eviction moratorium (June 24 and August 5, 2021) and masks (August 5, 2021); the CDC and TSA mask requirement on COTA vehicles and facilities; and, from September 10, 2021, the reinstated Columbus, Bexley, Whitehall and Worthington indoor mask mandates, which ran to March 7, 2022.

The State and the local orders

Ohio did not bar municipal COVID-19 orders. Municipalities acted under home-rule and charter emergency powers (Columbus City Charter and Columbus City Codes; Whitehall City Code § 509; Dublin Codified Ordinances ch. 36; Hilliard Charter § 2.14; Westerville Ordinance 2020-09 § 6; Gahanna ORD-033-2020). Am. Sub. S.B. 22 (134th General Assembly), enacted over the Governor's veto on March 24, 2021 and effective June 23, 2021, created legislative oversight of the Governor's emergency declarations and of Ohio Department of Health orders, limited public-health emergency orders to thirty days absent legislative extension, and constrained local boards of health (isolation and quarantine orders limited to persons diagnosed or directly exposed); contemporaneous reporting and the City's own conduct show that S.B. 22 was directed at the State and at local health departments, not at municipal governments, and Columbus therefore issued its September 10, 2021 mandate by mayoral emergency proclamation and, three days later, by Council ordinance, in anticipation of a legal challenge that did not defeat it. Franklin County Public Health (the general health district) issued advisories and resolutions supporting municipal mandates rather than a county-wide mandate, and the Board of Commissioners stated that it lacked authority to impose one; the county instead required masks in county buildings and imposed a vaccination-or-testing rule on its own workforce (September 2021). Injunction history: on July 28, 2020 the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas (Serrott, J.) granted a temporary restraining order against enforcement of Columbus Ordinance 1821-2020 (the 10:00 p.m. bar and restaurant closing) on the suit of Pins Mechanical Co., 16-Bit Bar + Arcade and others, on a $1,000 bond; the State's Liquor Control Commission emergency rule of July 31, 2020 then imposed the same 10:00 p.m. last call statewide and Council repealed the ordinance on October 5, 2020. Am. Sub. H.B. 244 (effective October 13, 2021, after the period) barred public schools and colleges from requiring vaccines lacking full FDA approval.

Third quarter of 2021

July 1 through September 30, 2021, the last claimable quarter: the instruments the record shows in force in Columbus. An order in force on any day of the quarter is an order in force during it. The quarter nationally →

In force (16)

Sector chronology

How the orders reached each kind of business in Columbus, sector by sector, in the order the record gives. Open a sector to read its chronology; every exhibit named opens its record.

Restaurants and bars

Statewide carry-out-only order Mar. 15, 2020 (State); CPH Health Commissioner's Order closing salad bars and buffets in Columbus and Worthington Mar. 17, 2020 (Ex. MET-CMH-007); Dine Safe Ohio reopening May 15/21, 2020 (State); Columbus Ord. 1643-2020 (July 7, 2020) masks for staff and customers except when seated, businesses to serve only compliant customers; Columbus Ord. 1821-2020 (effective July 28, 2020) no on-site sales before 6:00 a.m. or after 10:00 p.m., premises vacated within 60 minutes, TRO July 28, 2020, repealed Oct. 5, 2020; Ohio Liquor Control Commission Rule 80 (July 31, 2020) 10:00 p.m. last call (State); statewide curfew Nov. 19, 2020-Feb. 11, 2021 (State); Columbus mask ordinance to June 8, 2021; indoor mask mandates Sept. 10/14, 2021-Mar. 7, 2022 (Columbus, Bexley, Whitehall, Worthington).

Retail

Statewide Stay at Home and essential-business regime Mar. 23-May 12, 2020 (State); suburban and Columbus mask mandates July 2-8, 2020 binding every retail establishment to require masks of customers and employees (Exs. MET-CMH-015, -016, -017, -018, -019, -020); Columbus Ord. 1643-2020 § 5 (sell only to compliant customers) to June 8, 2021; Columbus EO 2021-01 and Ord. 2388-2021 (Sept. 10/14, 2021-Mar. 7, 2022).

Personal care

Statewide closure Mar. 23-May 15, 2020 (State); local mask orders expressly reached personal care and grooming businesses (Whitehall § 2(c), Columbus Ord. 1643-2020 § 3, Ord. 2388-2021 § 3).

Fitness and entertainment

Statewide closures Mar. 16/23-May 26, 2020 (State); Columbus ordinances define gyms as places of business subject to the mask requirement (2020 and 2021); Columbus EO 2021-01 reached every indoor venue open to the public, including arenas and theaters, Sept. 10, 2021-Mar. 7, 2022.

Hotels and short-term rentals

Columbus mask ordinances define hotels and motels (excluding rented rooms) as places of business (2020, 2021); statewide travel advisory July 22, 2020 (State).

Offices and telework

Columbus EO 2020-01 (Mar. 18, 2020) sent the City's non-frontline workforce home; Hilliard EO 2020-010 (Mar. 23, 2020) closed the Municipal Building to the public and non-essential employees and directed telecommuting (Ex. MET-CMH-009); Worthington (July 7, 2020) and Columbus EO 2021-01 (Sept. 10, 2021) reached high-density occupational settings; Common Pleas courthouse hours 8:00-3:00 from Mar. 16, 2020 into 2021.

Manufacturing

Columbus EO 2021-01 § 2(d) reached manufacturing workplaces (NAICS 311-339) where distancing is difficult (Sept. 10, 2021-Mar. 7, 2022); statewide closures and workplace rules 2020 (State).

Construction

Columbus EO 2021-01 § 2(d) reached construction workplaces (NAICS 236-238) where distancing is difficult (Sept. 10, 2021); Hilliard EO 2020-010 suspended next-day building inspections and limited permit processing (Mar. 23, 2020).

Real estate

Common Pleas General Orders cancelled Sheriff's sales and stayed all orders of sale and writs of possession Mar. 20-May 29, 2020 (Exs. MET-CMH-008, -012), lifted foreclosure stays June 1, 2020 (Ex. MET-CMH-013); Municipal Court suspended eviction hearings Mar. 16-Apr. 20, 2020 and applied the CDC eviction moratorium through Aug. 2021 (Exs. MET-CMH-006, -040, -045, -055).

Hospitals and long-term care

Statewide (State); Columbus EO 2021-01 § 2(e)-(f) required surgical masks of long-term-care workers and CDC health-care masking in all health care facilities (Sept. 10, 2021).

Dental and elective health care

Statewide elective-procedure order Mar. 17-May 1, 2020 (State); Columbus mask orders (2020, 2021) treat health care facilities as places of business subject to CDC infection-control masking.

Schools

Statewide closure Mar. 16, 2020 (State); fall 2021 mask requirements adopted by Columbus City Schools and most Franklin County districts (Aug. 2021) and by The Ohio State University (Aug. 2, 2021) and Columbus State Community College; Columbus Ord. 2388-2021 left school masking to the districts.

Child care

Statewide pandemic child-care rules Mar. 26-May 31, 2020 (State); Columbus mask ordinances include child care and camp facilities as places of business (2020, 2021).

Worship and gatherings

ODH mass-gathering orders Mar. 12 and 17, 2020 (State); Columbus ordinances exclude religious facilities from the place-of-business mask mandate (Ord. 1643-2020 § 3; Ord. 2388-2021 § 3); CPH/FCPH Stay at Home Advisory (Nov. 20, 2020-Jan. 23, 2021) urged social events limited to ten persons.

Courts and public offices

Common Pleas General Orders Mar. 13, 2020 onward (continuances, cancelled jury service, 8-3 hours, rotating dockets, masks); Municipal Court plans and orders Mar. 13, 2020 onward; Hilliard Municipal Building closed Mar. 23, 2020; Franklin County buildings masked in 2021; Common Pleas and Municipal Court universal masking reimposed Aug. 5-6, 2021.

Travel and quarantine

COTA fare suspension, rear-door boarding, reduced service, Essential Travel Only policy and 20-rider cap (Mar. 16-Apr. 3, 2020 onward; fares resumed Jan. 11, 2021); CDC/TSA transit mask order Feb. 1, 2021-Apr. 18, 2022 (federal); Columbus mask orders bound taxis, ride-share and transit conveyances (2020, 2021).

Face coverings

Bexley (approved June 26, effective July 3, 2020); Columbus EO 08-2020 (July 2) and Ord. 1643-2020 (July 7, 2020, to June 8, 2021); Whitehall (July 2); Dublin, Grandview Heights (July 3); Hilliard (July 7, rescinded July 9); Westerville (July 8); Upper Arlington and Worthington (July 7); ODH statewide order July 23, 2020-June 2, 2021 (State); CPH/FCPH advisory Aug. 5, 2021; Columbus EO 2021-01 (Sept. 10, 2021) and Ord. 2388-2021 (Sept. 14, 2021-Mar. 7, 2022); Bexley and Whitehall Sept. 10, 2021; Worthington Sept. 16, 2021; courthouse masking May 19, 2020-2022.

Vaccination mandates

Columbus Public Health employees (announced Sept. 7, 2021; deadline Nov. 1, 2021; Ex. MET-CMH-047); Franklin County Board of Commissioners employees (proof by Oct. 18, 2021 or twice-weekly testing); Franklin County Recorder employees (Aug.-Sept. 2021); The Ohio State University students, faculty and staff (announced Aug. 24, 2021); the four central Ohio hospital systems (private employers, context).

On the calendar

Every dated instrument in the Columbus file across the nineteen months from March 2020 through September 2021, in the order it took effect. A bar takes the color of the instrument's first limitation type and runs from its effective month through its end month; a fading edge marks an instrument whose end the record does not date. Point at a bar for its dates; open the bar for the record.

Emergency declaration 14Stay-at-home 1Business closure 3Telework mandate 1Capacity limit 2Gathering cap 15Face-covering requirement 27Travel and quarantine 6Curfew and hours 2Alcohol and bars 2Events and venues 2Courts and public offices 20Workplace rules 15Vaccination or testing 1Other 10

All instruments

Every record in the Columbus file, in the order it took effect. Filter by quarter and by limitation type; sort by any column; open the exhibit ID for the record and the operative words, or the file where The COVID Project holds it.

Showing 55 of 55 instrumentsThe Columbus records in the Library →
ExhibitInstrumentIssuerLevelEffectiveEndQuartersLimitationsSourceFile
Ex. MET-CMH-004Board of Health Resolution No. 20-08Resolution No. 20-08 (Declaration of Public Health Emergency, COVID-19)Board of Health of the City of Columbus (Mysheika W. Roberts, MD, MPH, Secretary; Mary Ellen Wewers, PhD, MPH, RN, President Pro Tempore)CityMar. 13, 2020Feb. 17, 20222020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3Emergency declarationPrimary source readPDF 930 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-005Board of Health Resolution No. 20-09Resolution No. 20-09 (Public Health Emergency: Delegation of Authority to the Health Commissioner)Board of Health of the City of ColumbusCityMar. 13, 2020Sept. 30, 20212020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3Emergency declarationOtherPrimary source readPDF 528 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-001Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health Emergency, No. 20MS000156Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (Hon. Stephen L. McIntosh, Administrative Judge)CourtMar. 16, 2020Apr. 13, 20202020 Q2Gathering capCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 507 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-002Joint Press Release, Court Operations (Mar. 13, 2020)Franklin County Common Pleas Court, General, Domestic Relations/Juvenile, and Probate Divisions; Franklin…Administrative Judges of the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas (General, Domestic Relations/Juvenile and Probate Divisions) and the Franklin County Municipal CourtCourtMar. 16, 2020Apr. 10, 20202020 Q2Gathering capCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 84 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-003Franklin County Municipal Court Operations During COVID-19 Epidemic (Mar. 13, 2020)Franklin County Municipal Court Operations During COVID-19 EpidemicFranklin County Municipal CourtCourtMar. 16, 2020Apr. 20, 20202020 Q2Gathering capCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 75 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-006Franklin County Municipal Court Operations During COVID-19 Epidemic (updated Mar. 15, 2020)Franklin County Municipal Court Operations During COVID-19 EpidemicFranklin County Municipal CourtCourtMar. 16, 2020Apr. 20, 20202020 Q2Gathering capCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 125 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-007Health Commissioner's Order (Salad Bars and Buffets)Health Commissioner's Order: All salad bars and buffets in food service operations and retail food…Mysheika W. Roberts, MD, MPH, Health Commissioner, Columbus Board of Health (Columbus Public Health)CityMar. 17, 2020June 30, 20212020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2Business closureWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 472 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-032COTA fare suspension and rear-door boarding (Mar. 19, 2020) and focused service reductions (Mar. 16-23, 2020), as described in COTA's release 'COTA will return to fares beginning January 11' (Dec. 2020)COTA Will Return to Fares Beginning January 11Central Ohio Transit AuthoritySector regulatorMar. 19, 2020Jan. 11, 20212020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q1Capacity limitTravel and quarantineOtherConfirmed from a secondary sourcePDF 348 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-008Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health Emergency (Second General Order), No. 20MS000159Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (McIntosh, Adm. J.)CourtMar. 20, 2020Apr. 13, 20202020 Q2Gathering capCourts and public officesOtherPrimary source readPDF 678 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-009Order 2020-EO-010, Closure of Hilliard Municipal BuildingOrder: Closure of Hilliard Municipal BuildingMichelle L. Crandall, City Manager (Emergency Management Director under Ord. 20-10)CityMar. 23, 2020June 30, 20202020 Q2Business closureTelework mandateCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 135 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-010Proclamation of Civil Emergency in Grandview Heights: COVID-19 PandemicGreta M. Kearns, MayorCityMar. 23, 2020July 3, 20202020 Q22020 Q3Emergency declarationPrimary source readPDF 2.7 MB
Ex. MET-CMH-011Ordinance ORD-033-2020Ordinance to Declare a State of Emergency in Gahanna, Ohio, Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and to Empower the…Council of the City of GahannaCityMar. 23, 2020June 30, 20212020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2Emergency declarationPrimary source readPDF 53 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-012Third General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health Emergency, No. 20MS000168Third General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (McIntosh, Adm. J.)CourtApr. 3, 2020May 29, 20202020 Q2Gathering capCourts and public officesOtherPrimary source readPDF 924 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-013Fourth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health Emergency, No. 20MS000198Fourth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (McIntosh, Adm. J.)CourtJune 1, 2020Aug. 28, 20202020 Q22020 Q3Gathering capFace-covering requirementCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 814 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-014Renewal of Public Health Emergency Declaration (June 29, 2020)Renewal of Public Health EmergencyHealth Commissioner, Columbus Public Health (under Board of Health Res. 20-08 and 20-09)CityJune 29, 2020July 29, 20202020 Q22020 Q3Emergency declarationPrimary source readPDF 562 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-015Proclamation by the Mayor: Proclamation and Issuing Executive Orders July 2, 2020 (face coverings)Proclamation and Issuing Executive Orders July 2, 2020Kim Maggard, MayorCityJuly 2, 2020Sept. 10, 20212020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2Emergency declarationFace-covering requirementWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 1021 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-016Executive Order: Face Covering Requirements Within the City of DublinDana L. McDaniel, City ManagerCityJuly 3, 2020June 30, 20212020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2Face-covering requirementEvents and venuesWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 156 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-017Amended Proclamation of State of Emergency Regarding MasksAmended Proclamation of State of Emergency re: Masks (July 3, 2020)Greta M. Kearns, MayorCityJuly 3, 2020Dec. 31, 20202020 Q32020 Q4Emergency declarationFace-covering requirementPrimary source readPDF 1.8 MB
Ex. MET-CMH-025Revised emergency orders requiring face coverings in indoor areas accessible to the public (approved June 26, 2020; effective July 3, 2020) and the City-wide face covering requirements effective July 30, 2020 (City release of July 24, 2020)Bexley's City-wide Face Covering Requirements Go Into Effect July 30, 2020 (City release describing the June…City of Bexley (Mayor Ben Kessler's revised emergency orders, approved by City Council 5-1 at a special meeting on June 26, 2020)CityJuly 3, 2020June 30, 20212020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2Face-covering requirementWorkplace rulesConfirmed from a secondary sourcePDF 166 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-018Ordinance 1643-2020To require the wearing of face coverings in public spaces in the City of Columbus to reduce and prevent the…Council of the City of Columbus (signed by Mayor Andrew J. Ginther)CityJuly 7, 2020June 8, 20212020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2Capacity limitFace-covering requirementWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 75 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-019Order 2020-EO-022, Face Covering Requirements Within the City of HilliardOrder: Face Covering Requirements Within the City of HilliardMichelle L. Crandall, City ManagerCityJuly 7, 2020July 9, 20202020 Q3Face-covering requirementEvents and venuesWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 164 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-021Board of Health Resolution No. 20-11Resolution No. 20-11 (Mandatory Masks in Public; enforcement of Executive Order 08-2020 and Ordinance…Board of Health of the City of ColumbusCityJuly 7, 2020June 8, 20212020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2Face-covering requirementWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 1.2 MB
Ex. MET-CMH-020Executive Order 2020-01An Order Regarding the Wearing of Face Coverings in Public to Decrease Community Spread of COVID-19David Collinsworth, City ManagerCityJuly 8, 2020Sept. 30, 20202020 Q3Face-covering requirementWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 449 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-022Order 2020-EO-023, Rescinding City of Hilliard Order 2020-EO-022Order: Rescinding City of Hilliard Order 2020-EO-022Michelle L. Crandall, City ManagerCityJuly 9, 2020Sept. 30, 20202020 Q3Face-covering requirementPrimary source readPDF 127 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-023COTA 'Moving Forward' release (July 2020): mask-wearing policy aboard vehicles (#MaskUpCBUS)Moving Forward (July 2020): COTA safety measures and mask policyCentral Ohio Transit Authority (regional transit authority under R.C. ch. 306; Joanna M. Pinkerton, President/CEO)Sector regulatorJuly 23, 2020Feb. 1, 20212020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3Face-covering requirementTravel and quarantineConfirmed from a secondary sourcePDF 135 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-024Fifth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health Emergency, No. 20MS000283Fifth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (McIntosh, Adm. J.)CourtJuly 23, 2020Dec. 31, 20202020 Q32020 Q4Gathering capFace-covering requirementCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 329 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-026Ordinance 1807-2020To amend Ordinance 1643-2020 requiring the wearing of face coverings in the City of Columbus to conform to…Council of the City of ColumbusCityJuly 28, 2020June 8, 20212020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2Face-covering requirementWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 69 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-028Ordinance 1821-2020 (as amended and passed July 27, 2020)To require bars, night clubs, and restaurants in the City of Columbus to limit times of operation for onsite…Council of the City of Columbus (at the request of Mayor Ginther and Health Commissioner Roberts)CityJuly 28, 2020July 28, 20202020 Q32020 Q4Business closureCurfew and hoursAlcohol and barsPrimary source readPDF 62 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-027Ordinance 1815-2020To amend section 501.11 of the Columbus City Codes to give the Director of Public Safety the authority to…Council of the City of ColumbusCityJuly 30, 2020Sept. 30, 20212020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3Emergency declarationOtherPrimary source readPDF 52 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-029Ordinance 2278-2020To repeal Ordinance 1821-2020 requiring bars, nightclubs, and restaurants in the City of Columbus to limit…Council of the City of ColumbusCityOct. 8, 2020Dec. 31, 20202020 Q4Curfew and hoursAlcohol and barsPrimary source readPDF 47 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-030Sixth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health Emergency, No. 20MS000603Sixth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (McIntosh, Adm. J.)CourtNov. 10, 2020Apr. 2, 20212020 Q42021 Q1Gathering capFace-covering requirementCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 862 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-031Stay at Home Advisory issued by Columbus Public Health and Franklin County Public HealthColumbus Public Health (Mysheika W. Roberts, MD, MPH, Health Commissioner) and Franklin County Public Health (Joe Mazzola, Health Commissioner)CountyNov. 20, 2020Mar. 31, 20212020 Q42021 Q1Stay-at-homeGathering capTravel and quarantineOtherPrimary source readPDF 78 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-033Renewal of Public Health Emergency Declaration (Dec. 25, 2020, through Jan. 23, 2021)Renewal of Public Health EmergencyHealth Commissioner, Columbus Public HealthCityDec. 25, 2020Jan. 23, 20212020 Q42021 Q1Emergency declarationPrimary source readPDF 541 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-034Eighth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health Emergency, No. 21MS000059Eighth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (McIntosh, Adm. J.)CourtJan. 21, 2021Apr. 4, 20212021 Q1Gathering capFace-covering requirementCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 940 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-035Tenth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health Emergency, No. 21MS000107Tenth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (McIntosh, Adm. J.)CourtMar. 2, 2021June 4, 20212021 Q12021 Q2Gathering capFace-covering requirementCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 994 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-036Renewal of Public Health Emergency Declaration (Mar. 24, 2021, through Apr. 23, 2021)Renewal of Public Health EmergencyHealth Commissioner, Columbus Public HealthCityMar. 24, 2021Apr. 23, 20212021 Q12021 Q2Emergency declarationPrimary source readPDF 529 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-055Release: Federal Court Guidelines on CDC Eviction Moratorium (May 10, 2021)Federal Court Guidelines on CDC Eviction MoratoriumFranklin County Municipal CourtCourtMay 10, 2021July 31, 20212021 Q22021 Q3Courts and public officesOtherPrimary source readPDF 452 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-037Administrative Order Concerning Operations (May 19, 2021)Administrative Order Concerning OperationsFranklin County Municipal Court (Hon. Ted Barrows, Administrative and Presiding Judge)CourtMay 19, 2021Sept. 30, 20212021 Q22021 Q3Courts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 224 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-038Ordinance 1352-2021To repeal Ordinances 1643-2020 and 1807-2020 pertaining to the wearing of face coverings in response to the…Council of the City of Columbus (signed by Mayor Ginther June 8, 2021)CityJune 8, 2021June 30, 20212021 Q2Face-covering requirementPrimary source readPDF 50 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-039Renewal of Public Health Emergency Declaration (June 23, 2021, through July 22, 2021)Renewal of Public Health EmergencyHealth Commissioner, Columbus Public HealthCityJune 23, 2021July 22, 20212021 Q22021 Q3Emergency declarationPrimary source readPDF 538 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-040Administrative Order Regarding CDC Extension of Evictions (June 24, 2021)Administrative Order Regarding CDC Extension of EvictionsFranklin County Municipal Court (Barrows, Adm. & Presiding J.)CourtJune 24, 2021July 31, 20212021 Q22021 Q3Courts and public officesOtherPrimary source readPDF 83 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-041Renewal of Public Health Emergency Declaration (July 23, 2021, through Aug. 21, 2021)Renewal of Public Health EmergencyHealth Commissioner, Columbus Public HealthCityJuly 23, 2021Aug. 21, 20212021 Q3Emergency declarationPrimary source readPDF 501 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-042Twelfth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health Emergency, No. 21MS000275Twelfth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (McIntosh, Adm. J.)CourtJuly 27, 2021Aug. 6, 20212021 Q3Gathering capFace-covering requirementCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 151 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-043Indoor Mask Advisory for all residents regardless of vaccination status (Aug. 5, 2021)Mask Advisory Issued for All Residents Indoors Regardless of Vaccination StatusColumbus Public Health (Roberts) and Franklin County Public Health (Mazzola)CountyAug. 5, 2021Sept. 10, 20212021 Q3Face-covering requirementOtherPrimary source readPDF 296 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-044Administrative Order Number 12-2021 (Masks)Administrative Order Number 12-2021, Effective: Forthwith (face coverings required for admission to the…Franklin County Municipal Court (Hon. Ted Barrows, Administrative and Presiding Judge)CourtAug. 5, 2021Sept. 30, 20212021 Q3Face-covering requirementCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 55 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-045Administrative Order Regarding Eviction Filings (Aug. 5, 2021)Administrative Order Regarding Eviction FilingsFranklin County Municipal Court (Barrows, Adm. & Presiding J.)CourtAug. 5, 2021Sept. 30, 20212021 Q3Courts and public officesOtherPrimary source readPDF 51 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-046Thirteenth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (McIntosh, Adm. J.)CourtAug. 6, 2021Oct. 8, 20212021 Q3Gathering capFace-covering requirementCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 112 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-047Columbus Public Health employee COVID-19 vaccination requirement (announced Sept. 7, 2021; compliance by Nov. 1, 2021)Columbus Public Health to Require COVID-19 Vaccination for All EmployeesColumbus Public Health (Health Commissioner Mysheika W. Roberts)CitySept. 7, 2021Sept. 30, 20212021 Q3Workplace rulesVaccination or testingPrimary source readPDF 246 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-048Executive Order 2021-01Proclamation of State of Emergency and Supplemental Order Pertaining to the Wearing of Face Coverings in…Andrew J. Ginther, MayorCitySept. 10, 2021Mar. 7, 20222021 Q3Emergency declarationFace-covering requirementTravel and quarantineWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 5.4 MB
Ex. MET-CMH-049Bexley indoor mask mandate announced Sept. 8, 2021, effective Sept. 10, 2021 (City release)Indoor Mask Mandate Effective Friday, September 10City of Bexley (Mayor Ben Kessler)CitySept. 10, 2021Sept. 30, 20212021 Q3Face-covering requirementWorkplace rulesConfirmed from a secondary sourcePDF 172 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-050Ordinance 2388-2021To require the wearing of face coverings in indoor public spaces in the City of Columbus to reduce and prevent…Council of the City of Columbus (signed by Mayor Ginther Sept. 14, 2021)CitySept. 14, 2021Mar. 7, 20222021 Q3Face-covering requirementTravel and quarantineWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 76 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-051Ordinance 2388-2021, Legislation Report (File Number 2388-2021, printed Sept. 13, 2021)Indoor Public Spaces Face Covering Requirement (Legislation Report, seven pages)Council of the City of ColumbusCitySept. 14, 2021Mar. 7, 20222021 Q3Face-covering requirementTravel and quarantineWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 179 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-052Renewal of Public Health Emergency Declaration (Sept. 21, 2021, through Oct. 20, 2021)Renewal of Public Health Emergency DeclarationHealth Commissioner, Columbus Public Health (signed by Mayor Andrew J. Ginther and Mary Ellen Wewers, PhD, MPH, RN)CitySept. 21, 2021Oct. 20, 20212021 Q3Emergency declarationPrimary source readPDF 30 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-053Fourteenth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health Emergency, No. 21MS000358Fourteenth General Order in Response to the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Public Health EmergencyFranklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division (McIntosh, Adm. J.)CourtOct. 8, 2021Dec. 10, 2021Gathering capFace-covering requirementCourts and public officesPrimary source readPDF 128 KB
Ex. MET-CMH-054Proclamation by the Mayor: Proclamation and Issuing Executive Orders effective November 1, 2021 (indoor face masks)Proclamation and Issuing Executive Orders effective November 1, 2021Kim Maggard, MayorCityNov. 1, 2021not datedFace-covering requirementWorkplace rulesPrimary source readPDF 1.1 MB

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The State

The local orders of Columbus ran inside the statewide regime. The State file holds the governor's orders, the health department's rules and the courts' emergency orders that reached the same businesses. All fifty States and the District →