Eligibility report

Governmental Orders Record and Eligibility Analysis

Dealers and Repair Shops

2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3

Prepared by The COVID Project, Sept. 30, 2026. 314 instruments cited; 302 exhibit files held. Not legal advice.

The COVID Projectcovidproject.com/report?industry=08&quarters=2020Q2,2020Q3,2020Q4,2021Q1,2021Q2,2021Q3&federal=1&agencies=1&duties=1&meetings=1&answers=1

1. About this report

Prepared by The COVID Project, Sept. 30, 2026. Selection: industry Dealers and Repair Shops. Quarters: second quarter of 2020 (Apr. 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020; orders from Mar. 13, 2020), third quarter of 2020 (July 1, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020), fourth quarter of 2020 (Oct. 1, 2020 to Dec. 31, 2020), first quarter of 2021 (Jan. 1, 2021 to Mar. 31, 2021), second quarter of 2021 (Apr. 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021) and third quarter of 2021 (July 1, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021). Options: the federal layer, agencies and boards, standing duties, group meetings and trade shows and the Service's fourteen sentences answered.

This report is a record of the governmental orders and related instruments that The COVID Project has retrieved, verified and indexed for the State, metropolitan area, industry and calendar quarters selected. Each instrument appears with its issuer, its number and title, its dates, the quarters in which it was in force, the functions of a business it reached, its operative words, its enforcement provision, a citation and an exhibit identifier. Every exhibit identifier resolves to the instrument's record at covidproject.com/library, and to the exhibit file, where held, at covidproject.com/exhibit.

The report is assembled from public governmental instruments, published organizer notices, published legal authorities and public court filings, and it reports what those documents say and when they were in force. It lists the instruments The COVID Project has verified and no others, so every count in it is a floor. It is not a filing, and it does not determine any person's eligibility for the Employee Retention Credit.

The report reproduces at covidproject.com/report?industry=08&quarters=2020Q2,2020Q3,2020Q4,2021Q1,2021Q2,2021Q3&federal=1&agencies=1&duties=1&meetings=1&answers=1. Every exhibit identifier in it resolves at covidproject.com/library/ followed by the identifier, and the exhibit file, where held, at covidproject.com/exhibit/ followed by the identifier.

Disclaimer

The COVID Project is a free public reference. This report is generated from public governmental instruments, published organizer notices, published legal authorities and public court filings that The COVID Project has retrieved and indexed; it reports what those documents say and when they were in force. It is not legal, tax or accounting advice, it does not create any professional relationship, it does not determine any person's eligibility for the Employee Retention Credit or the amount of any credit, and it is not a count of every order that existed. The COVID Project sells nothing and represents no one. Errors in any record can be reported through covidproject.com/contact with the exhibit identifier, and corrections are recorded with their dates.

2. Summary of findings

For each quarter selected, this section states what was in force for this selection on the quarter's first and last days, in the words of the Library's own quarter-by-quarter record for the State, the metropolitan area, the industry's regulators and the federal layer. Exhibit identifiers in parentheses name the instruments. The table that follows counts the instruments listed in section 5 by layer and quarter.

The federal layer of this report is the Library's two federal files: FED-A, the health, safety and transport layer, and FED-B, the commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, including the orders of the federal courts those files hold. The ecosystem clusters and the federal agency clusters are listed in the Library's federal layer at covidproject.com/federal and are not part of this report's federal layer; a quarter page counts every federal-level instrument of the quarter across those clusters as well, so its figure is the larger of the two.

Second quarter of 2020 (Apr. 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020; orders from Mar. 13, 2020)

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), first day (Apr. 1, 2020): April 1, 2020: showrooms closed to in-person traffic or limited to remote sales with delivery in California (county orders), Colorado (PHO 20-24), Connecticut, Delaware (Fourth Modification), D.C., Hawaii, Kentucky (EO 2020-246), Maine (EO 19), Maryland (Mar. 23 order and OLC guidance 20-04), Massachusetts (Order 13), Michigan (EO 2020-21), Minnesota (EO 20-20, appointment only), Nevada (Directive 003 guidance), New Jersey (EO 107), New Mexico (Mar. 23 PHO), New York (EO 202.6 and ESD guidance), Pennsylvania (Mar. 19 order and list), Rhode Island (EO 20-14 and DBR list), Vermont (Addendum 6), Washington (Proc. 20-25) and Philadelphia; open under distancing and occupancy conditions in Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas (Dallas and Denton County showrooms closed), Virginia (10-patron cap), Wisconsin and the remaining States; repair and parts open everywhere under conditions; motor-vehicle offices closed or appointment-only in every State (Exs. SEC-08-004, -005); Michigan manufacturing closed by EO 2020-21.

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), last day (June 30, 2020): June 30, 2020: showrooms open by appointment or at reduced capacity with masking in the closure States (Michigan appointment-only until June 1, then MI Safe Start capacity rules; New York Phase 2 conditions; New Jersey 50 percent from June 15; Kentucky 25 percent showroom cap under Healthy at Work v2.0 from June 11; Nevada 50 percent of fire-code capacity; Pennsylvania green-phase conditions); motor-vehicle offices reopening by appointment (Ohio May 26; Michigan June 1; Illinois June 1; New Jersey still closed until July 7); the Texas title and registration waiver in force; FMCSA emergency declaration in force.

The federal health, safety and transport layer, first day (Apr. 1, 2020): Apr. 1, 2020: national emergency (FED-001), nationwide Stafford emergency (FED-006) and major disasters declared for 28 States and the District of Columbia on or before Apr. 1, 2020 (29 of 51 jurisdictions; No Sail Order (FED-027); Title 42 order (FED-034, FED-039); DPA EOs 13909-13911 and scarce-materials designation (FED-070 to FED-074); FFCRA leave mandate operational (FED-170, FED-171); CMS-1744-IFC (FED-090), QSO-20-13, -14, -18, -12, -20 (FED-096 to FED-099, FED-164); § 1135 blanket waivers (FED-160); HHS telehealth enforcement discretion (FED-194); 30 Days to Slow the Spread guidance (FED-191, context); CMS elective-procedure recommendations (FED-158, context).

The federal health, safety and transport layer, last day (June 30, 2020): June 30, 2020: all of the above plus FEMA PPE export rule (FED-075, from Apr. 7) with exemptions (FED-076); EO 13917 meat and poultry (FED-073); No Sail extension (FED-028); Title 42 amended and indefinite (FED-036); CMS-5531-IFC weekly nursing-home reporting (FED-091, FED-161); QSO-20-30-NH reopening recommendations (FED-157); QSO-20-31-All (FED-165); Opening Up America Again guidance (FED-192, context); PHE renewed Apr. 26 (FED-011).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, first day (Apr. 1, 2020): In force: Proclamations 9984, 9992, 9993, 9996 (Exs. FED-200 to FED-203); DHS land-border closures to non-essential travel, Canada and Mexico (Exs. FED-216, FED-239, through Apr. 20, then FED-217, FED-240); OMB M-20-16 maximum telework and curtailment of in-person federal functions (Ex. FED-264) and M-20-18 contractor telework (FED-266); DoD stop-movement (Exs. FED-281, then FED-282 from Apr. 20); DOS suspension of routine visa services (FED-327) and the H-2 interview-waiver regime (FED-319); USCIS offices closed (FED-324); Interior on telework (FED-386); national parks, BLM sites, Hoover Dam, USACE areas and the Smithsonian closed (FED-387 to FED-393); Supreme Court closed to the public with the March session postponed (FED-290 to FED-292); Judicial Conference CARES Act finding (FED-295); jury trials suspended in N.D. Cal. (FED-317), N.D. Ill. (FED-338), D. Md. (FED-312), N.D. Ga. (FED-316 recites GO 20-01 of Mar. 16), C.D. Cal. courthouses closed (FED-284), Ninth Circuit courthouses closed (FED-279), Fifth Circuit (FED-286); CARES Act §§ 4022-4024 statutory moratoria (FED-340); FHFA, HUD and VA 60-day moratoria from Mar. 18 (FED-346, FED-356, FED-368, FED-369); interagency loan-modification statement (FED-342); 15/30 Days to Slow the Spread guidance (FED-396).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, last day (June 30, 2020): In force: Proclamations 9984, 9992, 9993, 9996, 10041 (from May 26), 10014 (from Apr. 23) and 10052 (from June 24) (FED-200 to FED-204, FED-210, FED-211); DHS land-border notifications of June 24, 2020 through July 21 (FED-219, FED-242); OMB/OPM M-20-23 gating period with maximum telework (FED-268); DoD conditions-based travel restrictions (FED-283); DOS routine visa services still suspended (FED-327; resumption began July 15); USCIS reopened June 4 under mask and screening conditions (FED-325); premium processing resumed June 1 (FED-326); H-2A temporary rule (FED-320) and H-2B rule (FED-321); N.D. Cal. General Order 72-4 (no new civil jury trials through Sept. 30, 2020) and General Orders 73, 75, 77 (FED-331, FED-334 to FED-336); N.D. Ill. Fourth Amended GO 20-0012 (May 26, 2020) and the D. Colo., D.N.J., D. Md. and N.D. Ga. continuances (FED-288, FED-302, FED-316); C.D. Cal. face-covering order (FED-285); FHFA, HUD and VA moratoria extended to Aug. 31, 2020 on June 17-18 (FED-348, FED-359, FED-371, FED-372); CARES Act § 4024 eviction moratorium (to July 24) and § 4022 forbearance (FED-340); CFPB interim final rule effective July 1 (FED-343); H.Res. 965 proxy voting (FED-398).

Third quarter of 2020 (July 1, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020)

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), first day (July 1, 2020): July 1, 2020: capacity and appointment rules in force for showrooms in California (Stage 2 and county protocols), New York (Phase 2/3 guidance), New Jersey (EO 157, 50 percent), Kentucky (Healthy at Work), Michigan (EO 2020-110 and workplace safeguards), Pennsylvania (green phase), Washington (Safe Start phases), Oregon, Colorado (PHO 20-28), Nevada (Directive 021), Hawaii and Honolulu (appointment and conditions); statewide mask orders reaching showrooms and service lounges in more than thirty States; New Jersey MVC closed to the public until July 7.

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), last day (Sept. 30, 2020): September 30, 2020: capacity, masking and workplace conditions continued in every State that had them; Colorado's Safer at Home Dial (PHO 20-35, Sept. 15) fixed dealership capacity by level; Honolulu's Tier framework (Sept. 23) fixed dealership conditions; Michigan's workplace safeguards (EO 2020-175, Sept. 3) required face coverings; Texas waiver of title and registration requirements in force.

The federal health, safety and transport layer, first day (July 1, 2020): July 1, 2020: national emergency, Stafford declarations, PHE (FED-011); No Sail (FED-028, then FED-029 from July 16); Title 42 (FED-036); FEMA PPE export rule (FED-075/076); DPA orders; FFCRA mandate and 29 C.F.R. part 826 (FED-170/171); CMS rules FED-090, FED-091 and QSOs; § 1135 waivers; EO 13945 from Aug. 8 (FED-066).

The federal health, safety and transport layer, last day (Sept. 30, 2020): Sept. 30, 2020: PHE renewed July 25 (FED-012); No Sail third extension (FED-030); Title 42 (FED-036); FEMA PPE rule as extended Aug. 10 (FED-077); CDC eviction moratorium from Sept. 4 (FED-022); CMS-3401-IFC nursing-home testing from Sept. 2 (FED-092) with QSO-20-38-NH (FED-168); QSO-20-39-NH visitation from Sept. 17 (FED-154); revised FFCRA rule from Sept. 16 (FED-172); QSO-20-35-ALL (FED-166).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, first day (July 1, 2020): In force: all seven entry proclamations (FED-200 to FED-204, FED-210 to FED-212); DHS land-border notifications of June 24 (to July 21) then July 22, Aug. 21 and Sept. 23, 2020 (FED-219 to FED-222, FED-242 to FED-245); M-20-23 maximum telework at agency discretion (FED-268); DoD conditions-based travel restrictions and the June 29, 2020 update (FED-283); N.D. Cal. GO 72-4 (civil jury trials through Sept. 30, 2020; limited criminal trials from July 1) (FED-331); N.D. Ill. Fifth Amended GO 20-0012 (July 10) (FED-338 series); N.D. Ga. GO 20-01 Fourth Amendment (no jury trials through July 31) (FED-316); D. Colo. GO 2020-8 (trials continued through July 6) (FED-288); D.N.J. and D. Md. continuances; C.D. Cal. masks (FED-285); FHFA/HUD/VA moratoria to Aug. 31 (FED-348, FED-359, FED-371, FED-372); CARES § 4024 to July 24 (FED-340); DOS phased resumption from July 15 (FED-328); USDA Service Centers by phone appointment (FED-391); USACE areas reopening location by location (FED-393).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, last day (Sept. 30, 2020): In force: the entry proclamations; DHS notification of Sept. 23, 2020 (to Oct. 21) (FED-222, FED-245); M-20-23 (FED-268); DoD conditions-based restrictions (FED-283); N.D. Cal. GO 72-6 (Sept. 16: courthouses closed to public events; remote appearances) (FED-333); N.D. Ill. Sixth Amended GO 20-0012 (Sept. 4); FHFA moratoria to Dec. 31 (Aug. 27) (FED-349), HUD ML 2020-27 (Aug. 27) (FED-360), VA Circulars 26-20-29 and 26-20-30 (Aug. 24) (FED-373, FED-374); EO 13945 (FED-A) and the student-loan payment relief memorandum (Aug. 8) (FED-345); H-2A partial extension (Aug. 20) (FED-322); the CDC eviction order (FED-A) from Sept. 4.

Fourth quarter of 2020 (Oct. 1, 2020 to Dec. 31, 2020)

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), first day (Oct. 1, 2020): October 1, 2020: capacity and mask conditions in force nationally in the regime States; Michigan's MDHHS orders (Oct. 5 and Oct. 9) replaced the executive orders after the Michigan Supreme Court's Oct. 2 opinion; Colorado Dial in force; Honolulu Tier 1 and Tier 2 (Oct. 20) conditions on dealerships.

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), last day (Dec. 31, 2020): December 31, 2020: winter re-tightening in force: California Regional Stay at Home Order (Dec. 3) with retail at 20 percent and Los Angeles County's Dec. 30 order holding 'Automobile Dealerships, Auto Repair' to 20 percent of indoor capacity (Ex. MET-LA-012); New Mexico's Nov. 13 reset and Red-Yellow-Green framework; Colorado Level Red (PHO 20-36, Nov. 20) with retail at 50 percent; Illinois Tier 3 (Nov. 20) retail 25 percent and the Secretary of State's second closure of Driver Services facilities (Nov. 17 to Jan. 5, 2021, Exs. IL-056, -057); Washington's Nov. 15 restrictions (retail 25 percent); Michigan MDHHS 'Pause' (Nov. 18) retail 30 percent; Nevada Statewide Pause (Nov. 24) retail 25 percent; Kentucky's Nov. 18 order; Ohio's curfew (Nov. 19); Rhode Island's Pause; Pennsylvania's Dec. 12 limited-time order (retail 50 percent).

The federal health, safety and transport layer, first day (Oct. 1, 2020): Oct. 1, 2020: national emergency, Stafford declarations, PHE (FED-012; renewed Oct. 23, FED-013); No Sail (FED-030) to Oct. 31 then Conditional Sailing Order from Oct. 30 (FED-031); Title 42 order of Oct. 13 (FED-037) under the final rule (FED-048); FEMA PPE rule (FED-077); CDC eviction moratorium (FED-022); FFCRA mandate (to Dec. 31); CMS-3401-IFC testing; CMS-9912-IFC from Nov. 2 (FED-093); DPA orders.

The federal health, safety and transport layer, last day (Dec. 31, 2020): Dec. 31, 2020: all of the above; FEMA PPE rule re-extended Dec. 31 to June 30, 2021 (FED-078); CDC eviction moratorium extended by Pub. L. 116-260 § 502 to Jan. 31, 2021 (FED-173); UK pre-departure testing order from Dec. 28 (FED-040); FFCRA leave mandate expires this day (FED-170); Pfizer and Moderna EUAs Dec. 11 and 18 (FED-185, FED-186, context).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, first day (Oct. 1, 2020): In force: the entry proclamations; DHS notification of Sept. 23 (to Oct. 21), then Oct. 22, Nov. 23 and Dec. 22, 2020 (FED-222 to FED-225, FED-245 to FED-248); M-20-23 (FED-268); DoD Oct. 5, 2020 conditions-based update (FED-283); N.D. Cal. GO 72-6 and GO 73 (FED-333, FED-334); N.D. Ill. Sixth Amended GO 20-0012; D.N.J. Standing Orders 20-12 (extended Sept. 2020), 20-13, 20-14, 20-16 (FED-302); C.D. Cal. masks (FED-285); FHFA/HUD/VA moratoria to Dec. 31, 2020 (FED-349, FED-360, FED-373, FED-374); CARES § 4022 forbearance (FED-340).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, last day (Dec. 31, 2020): In force: the entry proclamations, with Proclamation 10131 (Dec. 31) extending 10014 and 10052 to Mar. 31, 2021 (FED-213); DHS notification of Dec. 22, 2020 (to Jan. 21, 2021) (FED-225, FED-248); M-20-23 (FED-268); DoD conditions-based restrictions (FED-283); N.D. Ill. Eighth Amended GO 20-0012 (Nov. 13: all jury trials suspended until further order) (FED-339); D.N.J. Standing Order 20-17 (Nov. 25: all in-person proceedings suspended through Jan. 31, 2021) and the Third Extension of SO 20-12 (Dec. 17) (FED-303, FED-304); N.D. Cal. GO 72-6 (FED-333); FHFA moratoria to Jan. 31, 2021 (Dec. 2) (FED-350); HUD ML 2020-43 to Feb. 28, 2021 (Dec. 17) (FED-361); VA Circular 26-20-40 to Feb. 28, 2021 (Dec. 28) (FED-375); USDA extension (FED-382); H-2A extension (Dec. 18) (FED-323).

First quarter of 2021 (Jan. 1, 2021 to Mar. 31, 2021)

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), first day (Jan. 1, 2021): January 1, 2021: the December re-tightening in force in California (to Jan. 25), Colorado (Level Orange from Jan. 4), Illinois (Tier 3 to Jan. 15-18), Michigan (MDHHS order to Jan. 31), Minnesota (EO 20-99 to Jan. 10), New Mexico, Nevada (Pause to Feb. 15), Pennsylvania (to Jan. 4), Washington (Healthy Washington from Jan. 11); Illinois Driver Services facilities closed until Jan. 5.

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), last day (Mar. 31, 2021): March 31, 2021: capacity and mask conditions continued in California (Blueprint tiers; Los Angeles County Red Tier Mar. 15 with 'automobile dealerships' listed among retail at 50 percent, Ex. MET-LA-071), New York, New Jersey, Michigan (MDHHS Mar. 2 and Mar. 19 orders), Illinois (Phase 4), Washington (Phase 3), Oregon, Colorado (Dial 3.0), Kentucky, Minnesota, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North Carolina, Maryland, Delaware, Rhode Island, New Mexico, Nevada, Hawaii; Texas GA-34 (Mar. 10) ended Texas's regime; the Texas title and registration waiver ended Apr. 14, 2021 (Ex. TX-069).

The federal health, safety and transport layer, first day (Jan. 1, 2021): Jan. 1, 2021: national emergency, Stafford declarations, PHE (FED-013; renewed Jan. 21, FED-014); Conditional Sailing Order (FED-031); Title 42 (FED-037); FEMA PPE rule (FED-078); CDC eviction moratorium (statutory extension, then FED-023 from Jan. 31); UK testing order (FED-040); CMS rules and testing; DPA orders. FFCRA mandate no longer in force (voluntary credits only, FED-173).

The federal health, safety and transport layer, last day (Mar. 31, 2021): Mar. 31, 2021: all of the above plus EO 13991 (Jan. 20, FED-060), EO 13998 and 13999 (Jan. 21, FED-061, FED-062); global inbound testing order from Jan. 26 (FED-041/042); DHS transportation emergency determination Jan. 27 (FED-057); CDC conveyance mask order from Feb. 1 (FED-020) and TSA SDs from Feb. 1 (FED-050, FED-053 to FED-055); national emergency continued Feb. 24 (FED-002); Janssen EUA Feb. 27 (FED-187, context); OSHA NEP from Mar. 12 (FED-082); QSO-20-39-NH rev. Mar. 10 (FED-155); ARPA enacted Mar. 11 (FED-174); CDC eviction moratorium extended Mar. 29 to June 30 (FED-024).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, first day (Jan. 1, 2021): In force: Proclamations 9984, 9992, 9993, 9996, 10041, 10014, 10052 (as extended by 10131) (FED-200 to FED-204, FED-210 to FED-213); DHS notification of Dec. 22, 2020 (FED-225, FED-248), corrected Jan. 19 and renewed Jan. 19 (to Feb. 21), Feb. 23 (to Mar. 21) and Mar. 19, 2021 (to Apr. 21) (FED-226 to FED-229, FED-249 to FED-252); M-20-23 (FED-268) until EO 13991 (Jan. 20) and M-21-15 (Jan. 24: 25 percent occupancy cap, masks, visitor minimization, mission-critical travel only) (FED-270); DoD conditions-based restrictions (FED-283); N.D. Ill. Eighth then Ninth (Jan. 12) and Tenth Amended GO 20-0012 (Feb. 12: jury trials suspended until Apr. 5, 2021) (FED-339, FED-296); D.N.J. SO 21-02 (January: in-person proceedings suspended to Mar. 17, jury trials to Mar. 12) and SO 21-04 (Mar. 11: jury trials continued to June 1, 2021) (FED-305, FED-306); N.D. Cal. GO 72-6 (FED-333); C.D. Cal. masks (FED-285); FHFA moratoria to Jan. 31 then Feb. 28 (Jan. 19), Mar. 31 (Feb. 9) and June 30, 2021 (Feb. 25) (FED-350 to FED-353); HUD ML 2021-03 (Jan. 21: to Mar. 31) and 2021-05 (Feb. 16: to June 30) (FED-362, FED-363); VA Circulars 26-21-2 (Jan. 29: to Mar. 31) and 26-21-5 (Feb. 16: to June 30) (FED-376, FED-377); USDA extensions (FED-382).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, last day (Mar. 31, 2021): In force: Proclamations 9984, 9992 and 10143 (from Jan. 26, with South Africa from Jan. 30) (FED-207); Proclamation 10052 expired at the end of this day (FED-211); Proclamation 10014 revoked Feb. 24 (FED-214); DHS notification of Mar. 19, 2021 (to Apr. 21) (FED-229, FED-252); EO 13991 and M-21-15 (FED-270); DoD Mar. 15, 2021 memorandum (until further notice) (FED-280); N.D. Ill. Tenth Amended GO 20-0012 (jury trials suspended until Apr. 5) (FED-296); D.N.J. SO 21-04 (jury trials continued to June 1) (FED-306); N.D. Cal. GO 72-6 and 73 (FED-333, FED-334); C.D. Cal. masks (FED-285); FHFA, HUD and VA moratoria to June 30, 2021 (FED-353, FED-363, FED-377); H-2A flexibilities (FED-323).

Second quarter of 2021 (Apr. 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021)

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), first day (Apr. 1, 2021): April 1, 2021: capacity and masking conditions in the States listed for March 31; California Orange and Yellow tier rules on dealerships (Exs. MET-LA-015, -016); Michigan MDHHS orders; Colorado Dial until Apr. 16; Illinois Phase 4 to May 14 (Bridge Phase May 14 to June 11).

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), last day (June 30, 2021): June 30, 2021: statewide business conditions ended in most States by June 15-30 (California and New York June 15; Michigan June 22; Washington and Oregon June 30); in force on June 30: Hawaii and Honolulu Tier 4 conditions on dealerships (Ex. MET-HNL-030); Cal/OSHA ETS as readopted June 17, 2021; Virginia's permanent workplace standard; New Mexico's framework to July 1; appointment-only motor-vehicle offices in New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Oregon and D.C.; FMCSA declaration; CDC and TSA transit orders.

The federal health, safety and transport layer, first day (Apr. 1, 2021): Apr. 1, 2021: national emergency (FED-002), Stafford declarations, PHE (FED-014; renewed Apr. 21, FED-015); CDC conveyance mask order (FED-020) and TSA SDs (FED-050 series); inbound testing order (FED-042); Conditional Sailing Order (FED-031); Title 42 (FED-037); FEMA PPE rule (FED-078); CDC eviction moratorium (FED-024); EO 13991; OSHA NEP (FED-082); CMS testing and reporting rules; DPA orders.

The federal health, safety and transport layer, last day (June 30, 2021): June 30, 2021: all of the above plus TSOB ratification Apr. 20 (FED-056); TSA SD -01A from May 12 (FED-051); QSO-20-39-NH rev. Apr. 27 (FED-156); CSO Technical Instructions (FED-032); CMS-3414-IFC from May 21 (FED-094) with QSO-21-19-NH (FED-163); OSHA Healthcare ETS effective June 21 (FED-080) with DIR 2021-02 from June 28 (FED-081); CDC eviction moratorium extended June 24 to July 31 (FED-025). FEMA PPE export rule expires this day (FED-078/079).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, first day (Apr. 1, 2021): In force: Proclamations 9984, 9992, 10143 (FED-200, FED-201, FED-207); DHS notification of Mar. 19 (to Apr. 21), then Apr. 22 (to May 21), May 24 (to June 21) and June 23, 2021 (to July 21) (FED-229 to FED-232, FED-252 to FED-255); EO 13991 and M-21-15 occupancy cap and masks until June 10 (FED-270); DoD Mar. 15, 2021 restrictions (FED-280); N.D. Ill. GO 21-0006 (Feb. 17, 2021) plan for resumption of jury trials, amended May 26 with vaccination-or-testing conditions (FED-297); D.N.J. SO 21-04 (jury trials to June 1) (FED-306); N.D. Cal. GO 72-6 and 73 (FED-333, FED-334); C.D. Cal. masks (FED-285); FHFA, HUD, VA and USDA moratoria to June 30, 2021 (FED-353, FED-363, FED-377, FED-382).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, last day (June 30, 2021): In force: Proclamations 9984, 9992, 10143 and 10199 (India, from May 4) (FED-207, FED-208); DHS notification of June 23, 2021 (to July 21) (FED-232, FED-255); EO 13991 with M-21-25 (June 10: occupancy cap lifted; reentry plans due July 19; 30 days' notice) (FED-271); DoD Mar. 15, 2021 restrictions (FED-280); N.D. Ill. GO 21-0006 as amended May 26 and Fifth Amended GO 20-0022 (June 21: video criminal proceedings to Oct. 4, 2021) (FED-297, FED-301); D. Md. Amended Standing Order 2021-07 (effective July 1) (FED-313); N.D. Cal. GO 78 (June 23, effective July 1) (FED-337); C.D. Cal. masks (FED-285); D.N.J. SO 20-13 masks and 21-04 as amended (FED-302, FED-307); FHFA, HUD, VA and USDA moratoria extended June 24-25 to July 31, 2021 (FED-354, FED-364, FED-378, FED-384); HUD and VA forbearance windows to Sept. 30, 2021 (FED-364, FED-378); CFPB final rule issued June 28 (effective Aug. 31) (FED-344).

Third quarter of 2021 (July 1, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021)

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), first day (July 1, 2021): July 1, 2021: Honolulu EO 2021-08 Tier 4 and EO 2021-09 Tier 5 (July 2) dealership conditions (Exs. MET-HNL-030, -032); Cal/OSHA ETS (readopted June 17, 2021); Virginia 16VAC25-220; Los Angeles County mask recommendation became an order July 17; appointment-only motor-vehicle offices; FMCSA emergency declaration (extended May 26 to Aug. 31, 2021); CDC conveyance mask order and TSA SD 1582/84-21-01A; HHS PHE (renewed Apr. 15 and July 19, 2021); Malaysian FMCO 60 percent cap and Taiwan Level 3 on the chip supply (ECO-A); DHS land-border notice (Mexico and Canada non-essential travel barred).

Dealers and Repair Shops (the industry's regulators, nationally), last day (Sept. 30, 2021): September 30, 2021: Honolulu EO 2021-13 (Sept. 17) Exhibit B: dealership operators 'must implement sanitation measures' and 'must comply with conditions on page 1 of Exhibit B' (Ex. MET-HNL-038); indoor mask orders in force in Los Angeles County, the Bay Area, Nevada (counties of substantial transmission incl. Clark and Washoe), D.C., Louisiana (extended to Sept. 29 by 167 JBE 2021), Oregon, New Mexico, Washington, Illinois and Philadelphia; Cal/OSHA ETS; Virginia standard as amended Sept. 8, 2021; Los Angeles County quarantine and isolation orders (Aug. 26); FMCSA declaration extended to Nov. 30, 2021 (Ex. SEC-08-023); TSA SD 1582/84-21-01B (Sept. 14, 2021 to Jan. 18, 2022); EO 14042 (Sept. 9); Commerce RFI on semiconductor supply chain risks published Sept. 24 (Ex. SEC-08-020); Louisiana OMV remote-service provisions (168 JBE 2021, Aug. 31); New Jersey MVC and New York DMV appointment and reservation regimes.

The federal health, safety and transport layer, first day (July 1, 2021): July 1, 2021: national emergency (FED-001/002), nationwide Stafford emergency and all 51 major disasters (FED-006, FED-100 to FED-150), PHE (FED-015); CDC conveyance mask order (FED-020) and TSA SD 1582/84-21-01A and aviation successors (FED-051, FED-053 to FED-056); inbound testing order (FED-042); Conditional Sailing Order and Technical Instructions (FED-031/032); Title 42 order of Oct. 13, 2020 (FED-037); CDC eviction moratorium to July 31 (FED-025); EO 13991, 13998, 13999 (FED-060 to FED-062); DHS transportation emergency (FED-057); DPA delegations and scarce-materials designation (FED-070 to FED-074); OSHA Healthcare ETS with compliance due July 6 and July 21 (FED-080), DIR 2021-02 (FED-081), NEP DIR 2021-01 (FED-082, to July 7); CMS-1744/5531/3401/9912/3414-IFC (FED-090 to FED-094), QSO-20-38-NH (FED-168), QSO-20-39-NH rev. Apr. 27, 2021 (FED-156), QSO-21-19-NH (FED-163), QSO-20-13, -18, -20, -29, -31, -35 (FED-096, FED-098, FED-099, FED-161, FED-165, FED-166); § 1135 blanket waivers (FED-160); PREP Act and § 564 declarations (FED-180 to FED-184); HHS telehealth enforcement discretion (FED-194); FEMA 100 percent cost-share memoranda (FED-007/008).

The federal health, safety and transport layer, last day (Sept. 30, 2021): Sept. 30, 2021: national emergency and Stafford declarations; PHE renewed July 20 (FED-016); CDC conveyance mask order (FED-020) and TSA SD 1582/84-21-01B from Sept. 14 (FED-052) with aviation successors; inbound testing order (FED-042); Conditional Sailing Order (FED-031); Title 42 reassessment order of Aug. 2 (FED-038); EO 13991, 13998, 13999; EO 14042 and 14043 signed Sept. 9 (FED-063, FED-064; no private-contractor obligation before Oct. 15, 2021); DHS transportation emergency; DPA delegations; OSHA Healthcare ETS in full effect (FED-080), DIR 2021-02 (FED-081), revised NEP DIR 2021-03 from July 7 (FED-083), Updated Interim Enforcement Response Plan (FED-084); CMS rules FED-090 to FED-094, FED-160, FED-168, FED-156, FED-163; presidential memorandum of Aug. 17 (FED-009); telehealth discretion (FED-194). Not in force on this day: the CDC eviction moratorium (ended July 31; successor Aug. 3-26, FED-026), the FEMA PPE export rule (expired June 30), the FFCRA mandate (ended Dec. 31, 2020), the OSHA vaccination-or-testing ETS and CMS staff vaccination rule (issued Nov. 5, 2021), the CDC orders of Oct. 25, 2021.

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, first day (July 1, 2021): In force: Proclamations 9984, 9992, 10143, 10199 (FED-200, FED-201, FED-207, FED-208); DHS land-border notification of June 23, 2021 (non-essential travel prohibited; to July 21) (FED-232, FED-255); EO 13991, M-21-15 (other than occupancy) and M-21-25 reentry planning (FED-270, FED-271); DoD Mar. 15, 2021 travel restrictions (FED-280); federal courts: N.D. Ill. GO 21-0006 (amended May 26) and Fifth Amended GO 20-0022 (FED-297, FED-301); D.N.J. SO 20-13 (masks) and SO 21-04 as amended (FED-302, FED-306); D. Md. Amended SO 2021-07 (FED-313); N.D. Cal. GO 78 (FED-337); C.D. Cal. Order 20-078 (masks) (FED-285); finance: FHFA, HUD, VA and USDA foreclosure and eviction moratoria through July 31, 2021 (FED-354, FED-364, FED-378, FED-384); CARES Act § 4022 forbearance (FED-340); HUD and VA forbearance request windows to Sept. 30, 2021 (FED-364, FED-378); interagency loan-modification statement and CARES § 4013 relief (FED-342); student-loan payment pause (FED-345); H.Res. 965 (FED-398).

The federal commerce, travel, workplace and finance layer, last day (Sept. 30, 2021): In force: Proclamations 9984, 9992, 10143, 10199 (revoked only on Nov. 8, 2021) (FED-209); DHS land-border notification of Sept. 22, 2021 (to Oct. 21; non-essential travel still prohibited) (FED-235, FED-258); EO 13991 with the Task Force Model Safety Principles of July 29, 2021 (masks regardless of vaccination status in substantial/high-transmission areas; vaccination attestation; visitor vaccination-status disclosure; agency-head approval for events over 50) (FED-272), the Certification of Vaccination form (FED-278), the Sept. 13 update (FED-273), EO 14042 and EO 14043 (Sept. 9) (FED-A), the contractor guidance (Sept. 24) and OMB determination (Sept. 28) (FED-274, FED-275); DoD Mar. 15, 2021 travel restrictions (FED-280); federal courts: N.D. Ill. Third Amended face-covering order (July 30), Amended GO 21-0006 (Sept. 15, effective Sept. 20: vaccination or testing for courtroom presence), GO 21-0033 (Sept. 20: employee and contractor vaccination) and Fifth Amended GO 20-0022 (video criminal proceedings to Oct. 4) (FED-299, FED-298, FED-300, FED-301); D.N.J. Updated Amended SO 21-04 (Sept. 3: one jury selection per vicinage; universal masks; temperature screening) and SO 21-08 (Sept. 13: visitor vaccination or testing) with SO 20-13 masks (FED-307, FED-308, FED-302); D. Md. Amended SO 2021-07 entry exclusions (FED-313); N.D. Cal. GO 78 protocols and remote criminal proceedings (FED-337); C.D. Cal. Order 20-078 masks (until Oct. 1, 2021) (FED-285); finance: FHFA REO eviction moratorium, VA Circular 26-21-14 foreclosure-related eviction moratorium, HUD eviction moratorium and USDA eviction moratorium, all through Sept. 30, 2021 (FED-355, FED-379, FED-364, FED-385); CFPB Regulation X procedural safeguards from Aug. 31, 2021 (FED-344); HUD ML 2021-18 recovery loss-mitigation review (FED-365); HUD and VA forbearance request windows to Sept. 30, 2021 and VA Circular 26-21-20 (Sept. 29) extending them (FED-364, FED-378, FED-380); CARES § 4022 forbearance (FED-340); student-loan payment pause (extended Aug. 6, 2021 to Jan. 31, 2022) (FED-345).

Instruments in the Library for this selection, by layer and quarter (an instrument in force in several quarters is counted in each; the total counts it once).

Layer	2020 Q2	2020 Q3	2020 Q4	2021 Q1	2021 Q2	2021 Q3	Total
Federal layer	179	163	160	175	165	167	330
Sector regulators	12	3	2	3	3	4	16
Group meetings and trade shows	3	7	3	1	1	3	18
All layers	194	173	165	179	169	174	364

3. The statute and the test

An employer is an eligible employer for a calendar quarter under the governmental-orders test if

the operation of the trade or business described in clause (i) is fully or partially suspended during the calendar quarter due to orders from an appropriate governmental authority limiting commerce, travel, or group meetings (for commercial, social, religious, or other purposes) due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
CARES Act § 2301(c)(2)(A)(ii)(I), Pub. L. 116-136, 134 Stat. 281, 348; I.R.C. § 3134(c)(2)(A)(ii)(I), 135 Stat. 4, 177

Congress enacted those words four times and never changed them. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of March 27, 2020 enacted the Suspension Clause at section 2301(c)(2)(A)(ii)(I), Pub. L. 116-136, 134 Stat. 281, 347-48, for wages paid after March 12, 2020 and before January 1, 2021 (§ 2301(m), 134 Stat. 351) (Ex. LAW-001). The Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020, Pub. L. 116-260, div. EE, §§ 206-207, 134 Stat. 1182, 3059-65 (Dec. 27, 2020), extended the credit to wages paid before July 1, 2021 and raised its rate to 70 percent; neither section touched the clause (Ex. LAW-002).

The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, Pub. L. 117-2, § 9651, 135 Stat. 4, 176 (Mar. 11, 2021), added section 3134 to the Internal Revenue Code, whose heading repeats the CARES Act title and whose Suspension Clause reappears word for word at 135 Stat. 177, for wages paid after June 30, 2021 (§ 3134(n), 135 Stat. 182) (Ex. LAW-003). The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, Pub. L. 117-58, § 80604, 135 Stat. 429, 1341 (Nov. 15, 2021), ended the credit for calendar quarters beginning after September 30, 2021, and left the third quarter of 2021 in place (Ex. LAW-004).

The clause has seven elements, taken in the statute's order: orders; from an appropriate governmental authority; limiting commerce, travel, or group meetings (for commercial, social, religious, or other purposes); due to COVID-19; the operation of the trade or business fully or partially suspended; during the calendar quarter; and due to those orders. The words "essential," "comparable operations," "telework," "customers," "voluntary," "more than nominal," "10 percent," "directed at," "jurisdiction over the employer," "proximate," "independent" and "sufficient" appear in none of the four enactments. The credit runs by calendar quarter; the six quarters the clause governs are the second, third and fourth quarters of 2020 and the first, second and third quarters of 2021.

The partial-suspension test and how this report applies it

In this report the Internal Revenue Service is the "Service," the Government as a litigant is the "United States," Notice 2021-20, 2021-11 I.R.B. 922, is the "Notice," and the statutory text above is the "Suspension Clause." Tri-State is Tri-State Memorial Hospital v. United States, No. 2:25-cv-0181-TOR, ECF No. 38 (E.D. Wash. May 28, 2026), the one federal decision construing the clause's words. Doc. 44 is the United States' opposition and cross-motion for summary judgment in Stenson Tamaddon, LLC v. IRS, No. 2:24-cv-01123-SPL (D. Ariz. Jan. 6, 2025), ECF No. 44; Doc. 49 is the summary-judgment order in that case of June 20, 2025; and the Br. for Appellees is the United States' brief in the appeal, No. 25-4217 (9th Cir. Jan. 30, 2026).

The statute controls, and the Notice does not. The United States has told two federal courts so: the Notice "is merely guidance" and "lacks the force of law" (Doc. 44 at 19); "the United States is not arguing that the IRS interpretation has the force of law or is entitled to deference" (Doc. 44 at 31 & n.8); "[w]hether Notice 2021-20 exists or not, the statute will control whether a refund is warranted" (Doc. 44 at 24). The court held that "the Notice carries no force of law and is entitled to no deference" (Doc. 49 at 27) and that the ten percent figure "is not an exclusionary cut-off point, but rather a safe harbor" (Doc. 49 at 26). In the Ninth Circuit the United States called the Notice "nonbinding guidance," its ten percent provision "a quintessential safe harbor," and wrote that "[t]here is no question of deference here" (Br. for Appellees at 26, 37-38, 58).

"Fully or partially suspended" means what the words say. On definitions both parties agreed, Tri-State held: "a 'partial suspension' is a temporary delay, interruption, or termination of a portion an employer's business. The language is plain" (Tri-State at 8-9). The court refused to read "more than nominal" as "significant": "the plain language and ordinary meaning of partial and nominal do not suggest either of those interpretations" (Tri-State at 10-11). The Notice's ten percent rules are "only administrative guidance"; "the IRS Notice provides a method for the test to be met not as a requirement to meet the test" (Tri-State at 15-16). "Due to" means "because of," which "[b]oth Plaintiff and Defendant agree" (Tri-State at 17), and "the Court recognizes that 'due to' requires 'but-for' causation" (Tri-State at 19). The argument that the virus rather than the order caused the changes fails: "[s]ick patients and employees alone did not require additional protocols" (Tri-State at 20-21).

This report applies the test in five steps, with the instruments the Library holds for your selection and no others. Step one, the order: the issuer, the instrument by number and title, its dates and its exhibit; the Service's own Q&A-10 treats "orders, proclamations, or decrees" as orders "without regard to the level of enforcement" (Notice 2021-20, Q&A-10, at 927-28). Step two, the function it reached: the part of the business the order governed, whether the customer-facing floor, the back of house, the office, the workforce, the supply chain or the customer base. Step three, the change it compelled: the operative words, quoted from the instrument, and the sanction behind them. Step four, the quarter: the days on which the instrument was in force, tested against its dates. Step five, the statute's answer: a function is a portion of the operation; a compelled change is a delay, interruption or termination of that portion; but for the order no law required it; and on the definitions the United States agreed to, the operation was partially suspended during the quarter due to the order.

The statute does not ask whether the business was "essential" or stayed open: the Notice's own Q&A-17, Example 4, calls an open hospital under an elective-procedure order partially suspended (Q&A-17, at 930). It does not ask whether the business could telework: Q&A-15 finds a partial suspension wherever a workplace closure "causes the employer to suspend business operations for certain purposes, but not others" (Q&A-15, at 929). It does not ask whose customers were under orders: "a business may be suspended 'due to' a government order addressing a third party" (Br. for Appellees at 41). It does not ask whether a compelled measure was "voluntary": Q&A-14 reaches only a suspension "not due to a governmental order" (Q&A-14, at 929). And it does not ask for a percentage: "The 10 percent is not determinative ... Properly understood, it isn't an eligibility requirement" (Doc. 44 at 14). The Service's letters ask each of those questions. The statute asks one, and this report answers it, instrument by instrument.

How this report was assembled

The report is drawn from The COVID Project's Orders Library, which indexes the governmental orders that limited commerce, travel and group meetings in the United States from March 2020 through September 30, 2021. The Library is organized in layers, and the report walks them in order for your selection: the federal layer (proclamations, executive orders, agency orders and rules, and the federal courts' general orders); your State, from its first declaration to the instrument that ended its general restrictions; your metropolitan area's health officers, mayors and courts; the sector regulators of your industry (licensing boards, health departments, alcohol and gaming regulators, labor agencies and federal program rules); the clusters of authorities that are easy to overlook (ports, aviation, courts, motor-vehicle offices, tribal and territorial governments); the standing duties of your State and of the United States (communicable-disease, workplace-safety and liability-shield statutes); and the organizers' notices of the trade shows, conventions, seasons and tournaments your industry lost.

Every record carries one of two grades, and the report shows only these two. Primary source read means the compiler read the issuing authority's own text: the order as published, the register page, the codified rule, the court's docket entry. Confirmed from a secondary source means the instrument's existence, number, date and substance were established from an identifiable secondary source and the primary text was not read. Records graded unverified or not retrieved never appear. Every exhibit was retrieved from the issuing authority's site or from the Internet Archive's capture of it, kept only if its text contained a distinctive phrase of the instrument, hashed at retrieval and re-checked by a second reviewer.

Every instrument has one exhibit identifier, used everywhere on the site and in this report. A State instrument carries its two-letter State code and a serial number (Ex. TX-004 is Texas Executive Order GA-09 of March 22, 2020); a metropolitan instrument carries MET and the metro code; a federal instrument carries FED; a sector regulator's instrument carries SEC and the industry number, and an organizer's notice adds GM; an overlooked authority carries AGY and its cluster; a standing duty carries DUT and the State code, or DUT-FED (Ex. DUT-FED-001 is the general duty clause of the Occupational Safety and Health Act); a legal authority carries LAW.

The dates decide the quarters. An instrument is in force in a quarter only if its effective date fell on or before the quarter's last day and its end date, if any, fell on or after the quarter's first day. The six quarters are the second, third and fourth quarters of 2020 and the first, second and third quarters of 2021. Because the CARES Act applies to wages paid after March 12, 2020, and the Service's Form 941-X instructions place the credit for wages paid March 13 through March 31, 2020 on the second-quarter return, the orders of March 13 through 31, 2020, the first stay-at-home and closure orders in the country, appear in the record of the second quarter of 2020.

4. How this business operates: Dealers and Repair Shops

The regime for this industry had three layers in every State, and the layers fell on different functions. First, the State closure and stay-home orders of March 16 to April 3, 2020 divided every dealership into a permitted half and a forbidden half: automotive repair, maintenance and parts were named essential in every State list that had one (the CISA advisory memorandum of March 19, 2020 listed 'Automotive repair and maintenance facilities' and every State list copied it, Ex. SEC-08-001), while the showroom, the sales floor, the test drive and the delivery were forbidden, limited to remote transactions with delivery, or limited to appointments in at least twenty-two States and the District of Columbia. Pennsylvania's life-sustaining list of March 19, 2020 said it in two words for NAICS 4411 and 4412, 'Automobile Dealers No' and 'Other Motor Vehicle Dealers No', while 'Automotive Repair and Maintenance Yes' (Ex. PA-004); Michigan's stay-home orders permitted only 'Workers at motor vehicle dealerships who are necessary to facilitate remote and electronic sales or leases, or to deliver motor vehicles to customers, provided that showrooms remain closed to in-person traffic' (EO 2020-42, Apr. 9, 2020, Ex. MI-017), and reopened showrooms 'only by appointment' from May 26, 2020 (EO 2020-96, Ex. MI-030); New Jersey's EO 107 permitted 'Car dealerships, but only to provide auto maintenance and repair services' (Ex. NJ-004); New York's ESD guidance permitted 'automotive sales conducted remotely or electronically, with in-person vehicle return and delivery by appointment only' from April 17, 2020 (Ex. NY-092); Nevada's guidance ordered that 'auto showrooms are to remain closed throughout the Declaration of Emergency' until Directive 018 reopened them at 50 percent of fire-code capacity on May 9, 2020 (Exs. NV-064, NV-016); Colorado's public health orders permitted 'automobile online sales with no touch delivery service' and dealership repair 'but not in person retail sales' (Ex. CO-016); Delaware permitted dealers to 'remain open only by appointment with no more than two appointments per half hour' (Ex. DE-013); Minnesota permitted 'Automobile sales that are necessary to allow for essential travel, when conducted by appointment' (Ex. MN-010); Rhode Island listed dealerships as non-critical retail 'except for auto repair and by appointment only' (Ex. RI-074); Washington's essential list named only repair and maintenance until Proclamation 20-25.3 restored 'vehicle and vessel sales' as a Phase 1 activity on May 4-5, 2020 (Exs. WA-017, WA-031); Kentucky closed in-person retail on March 23, 2020 and reopened 'vehicle and vessel dealerships' on May 11, 2020 only under Healthy at Work requirements that capped showrooms at 25 percent of occupancy and required unaccompanied test drives (Ex. SEC-08-010); Hawaii's counties permitted only online sales (Honolulu EO 2020-04, Apr. 2, 2020) and then appointment-only dealerships (EO 2020-09, Apr. 29, 2020), and Honolulu kept dealership conditions in force through EO 2021-13 of September 17, 2021 (Exs. MET-HNL-006, -009, -037, -038). The Bay Area, Los Angeles, Sacramento and Placer County health officers allowed dealerships to operate 'only for the purpose of providing auto-supply and auto-repair services' with online purchases delivered to a residence (Exs. MET-SFO-002, MET-LA-004, MET-SAC-030), and Los Angeles County still held dealerships to 20 percent of indoor capacity on December 30, 2020 (Ex. MET-LA-012). A second group of States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Wisconsin and others) named vehicle sales essential, in terms or by incorporating CISA version 2.0 of March 28, 2020, which added 'Workers critical to the manufacturing, distribution, sales, rental, leasing, repair, and maintenance of vehicles' (Ex. SEC-08-002); in those States the showroom stayed open only under the orders' distancing, occupancy, one-adult-per-household, masking and sanitation conditions, and in several of their largest counties (Dallas, Denton, Philadelphia) the showroom was closed by local order for weeks. Second, every State's motor-vehicle agency closed or went appointment-only in March 2020: the AAMVA jurisdiction tables of April 30 and May 12, 2020 record closures to the public in Illinois (all Driver Services facilities, Mar. 17), Ohio (181 deputy registrar locations, Mar. 19), Texas (all DPS driver license offices, Mar. 19, and TxDMV offices), Pennsylvania (all Driver License Centers, Mar. 16), New Jersey (all MVC agencies from Mar. 16), New York, Michigan (all Secretary of State offices, Mar. 24), Maryland, Virginia, Washington (Mar. 31), West Virginia (Mar. 19), Vermont (Mar. 19), Colorado and Connecticut (Mar. 17), Louisiana, Maine, Kentucky, New Mexico, North Dakota, Minnesota and the District (Mar. 25), with appointment-only or limited operations everywhere else, and with registration, title and license expirations extended by executive order, statute or agency rule in nearly every State (Exs. SEC-08-004, SEC-08-005, and the State DMV exhibits cited row by row). Titles and registrations are the last step of every sale; where the clerk was closed the sale was not complete, and dealers were confined to mail, drop boxes, online dealer portals and extended temporary tags. Third, the supply layer: Michigan's stay-home order of March 23, 2020 confined manufacturing to critical infrastructure and its EO 2020-77 of May 7, 2020 allowed manufacturing to resume only from May 11 under safeguards, so that the assembly plants of the Detroit companies were closed by order for seven weeks and the supply of new vehicles to every franchised dealer in the country was interrupted; the Mexican and Canadian orders of March 2020 and the Malaysian, Taiwanese and Japanese orders of 2021 are the facts and circumstances in which the federal entry proclamations and land-border notices operated, and the Federal Reserve recorded in September 2021 that 'weakness in auto sales was widely ascribed to low inventories amidst the ongoing microchip shortage' and that 'new cars being delivered to dealers are largely already spoken for' (Ex. SEC-08-022). Employment in motor vehicle and parts dealers fell from 2,049,200 in February 2020 to 1,667,600 in April 2020 and had not recovered by September 2021 (1,969,200); automotive repair and maintenance fell from 962,000 to 770,100 (Exs. SEC-08-034, -035). By quarter: 2020 Q2 carried the showroom closures, the appointment-only and remote-sales rules, the motor-vehicle office closures, the Michigan plant closure and the collapse of new-vehicle supply; 2020 Q3 carried the capacity, appointment, masking and one-customer rules of the reopening orders and the continuing motor-vehicle office restrictions; 2020 Q4 and 2021 Q1 carried the winter re-tightening (California's Regional Stay at Home Order and Los Angeles County's 20 percent rule; New Mexico's November 13, 2020 reset; Colorado's Level Red; Illinois Tier 3; Washington's November 15, 2020 restrictions; Michigan's MDHHS gathering orders) and the Illinois Secretary of State's second closure (Nov. 17, 2020 to Jan. 5, 2021); 2021 Q2 carried the last capacity and masking regimes (ending Apr. 16, 2021 in Colorado, May 14 in North Carolina, May 19 in Connecticut, May 28 in Virginia and Massachusetts, May 31 in Pennsylvania, June 11 in Illinois and Kentucky, June 15 in California and New York, June 22 in Michigan, June 30 in Washington and Oregon); 2021 Q3 carried Hawaii's dealership conditions, the Delta-wave indoor mask orders of Los Angeles County (July 17), the Bay Area (Aug. 3), Nevada (July 30), the District (July 31), Louisiana (Aug. 4), Oregon (Aug. 13), New Mexico (Aug. 17), Washington (Aug. 23) and Illinois (Aug. 30), the Cal/OSHA and Virginia workplace standards, the appointment-only motor-vehicle offices, the FMCSA emergency declaration, the CDC and TSA transit orders, EO 14042 for federal fleet contractors, and the supply interruption the Commerce Department itself described as a national risk on September 24, 2021 (Ex. SEC-08-020).

The functions of the business

The Library records which of these functions each instrument reached. Section 5 names them instrument by instrument and section 9 applies the test to them.

Code	Function
SR	showroom and sales
SV	service and repair
PT	parts
DL	delivery, test drives and field service
DM	motor-vehicle offices, titles and registrations
FI	finance and insurance
SC	manufacturers' plants, chips and freight
MK	shows and events
HR	hiring, screening, training and credentialing
OP	office, administration and telework
WF	workforce availability
CB	the customer base

5. The orders, quarter by quarter

For each quarter selected, the instruments in force appear by layer: the federal layer (the Library's FED-A and FED-B files, including the federal court orders they hold), the State, the metropolitan area, the industry's regulators, and the agencies, boards and authorities whose orders resolve to the State. Within a layer the instruments that carry the industry's key limitation types come first, then the rest in date order. An instrument in force across several quarters is described in full where it first appears and listed in compact form in each later quarter. Every item carries its citation and its exhibit identifier.

Second quarter of 2020 (Apr. 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020; orders from Mar. 13, 2020)

Federal layer

Ex. FED-290

Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public)

Supreme Court Building closed to the public until further notice

Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Supreme Court of the United States (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 12, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT; CS Washington tourism and visitor commerce
Grade: Confirmed from a secondary source
Days in this quarter: 110 (the whole quarter)

Enforcement: Supreme Court Police

Citation: Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290)

Ex. FED-279

Order of March 16, 2020 (COVID-19 building access)

Order restricting access to the James R. Browning, William K. Nakamura, Pioneer and Richard H. Chambers United States Courthouses

United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Order filed by the Clerk, Molly C. Dwyer), United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (San Francisco, Seattle, Portland, Pasadena courthouses) (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT appellate courthouses closed to the public; arguments by video or livestream; CS law firms' appellate practice
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 107 (in force on the last day)

Chief among the recommended precautions is to limit person to person interactions. Therefore, it is hereby ordered that: Access to the James R. Browning (San Francisco), the William K. Nakamura (Seattle), the Pioneer (Portland) and the Richard H. Chambers (Pasadena) United States Courthouses is restricted to judges and court staff during non-court weeks. In the event any public court proceeding is held, it will be livestreamed.

Enforcement: court order; U.S. Marshals and court security

Citation: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Order filed by the Clerk, Molly C. Dwyer), Order of March 16, 2020 (COVID-19 building access) (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-279) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-324

USCIS alert of Mar. 17, 2020: USCIS Temporarily Closing Offices to the Public (Mar. 18 - Apr. 1, 2020), extended to May 3 and then to June 3, 2020

USCIS Temporarily Closing Offices to the Public March 18 - April 1

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, United States (all USCIS field offices, asylum offices and Application Support Centers) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 18, 2020 to June 4, 2020 (issued Mar. 17, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: HR work-authorization biometrics, interviews and naturalization ceremonies postponed; CS immigration law practice; WF
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 79

Effective March 18, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services is suspending in-person services at its field offices, asylum offices and Application Support Centers (ASCs) to help slow the spread of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). This suspension of services will be effective until at least April 1. In the meantime, USCIS will provide limited emergency services.

Enforcement: agency closure

Citation: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, USCIS alert of Mar. 17, 2020: USCIS Temporarily Closing Offices to the Public (Mar. 18 - Apr. 1, 2020), extended to May 3 and then to June 3, 2020 (Ex. FED-324) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-284

Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-042

In re: Coronavirus Public Emergency - Activation of the Continuity of Operations Plan (courthouses closed)

Chief Judge Virginia A. Phillips, United States District Court for the Central District of California (Los Angeles, Santa Ana, Riverside) (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 23, 2020 to June 30, 2020 (issued Mar. 19, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT the largest federal district in the country closed its courthouses to the public Mar. 23 - May 1, 2020 and continued civil and criminal trials; CS litigation practice, process servers, court reporters, interpreters
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 100 (in force on the last day)

the Continuity of Operations Plan... of the Central District of California is hereby activated, effective March 23, 2020 through and including May 1, 2020... All of the Courthouses of the Central District of California will be closed to the public... [emergency criminal matters and applications for temporary restraining orders and preliminary injunctions to be heard at] the Roybal Building and United States Courthouse in Los Angeles only.

Enforcement: court order; U.S. Marshals

Citation: Chief Judge Virginia A. Phillips, Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-042 (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-284) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-310

Second Amended Standing Order 2020-02

In re: Restrictions on Visitors to Courthouses

Chief Judge James K. Bredar, United States District Court for the District of Maryland (Baltimore, Greenbelt) (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 23, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued Mar. 20, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT courthouses closed to the general public from Mar. 23, 2020; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 100 (in force on the last day)

ORDERED by the United States District Court for the District of Maryland that, effective March 23, 2020, no members of the public, other than litigants with a scheduled proceeding, [may enter any] U.S. Courthouse in the District of Maryland without prior permission from the Chief Judge or [the presiding judge]... [a drop box is available at] the entrance of each courthouse to deposit and date-stamp papers between 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., Monday through Friday; and it is further ORDERED that, in addition to the above restrictions, the following persons shall not enter any U.S. Courthouse or U.S. Probation Office in this District: [persons with symptoms, exposure or recent travel]...

Enforcement: court order; court security officers

Citation: Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Second Amended Standing Order 2020-02 (Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-310) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-391

USDA announcement of Mar. 23, 2020: USDA Service Centers Open for Business by Phone Appointment Only

USDA Service Centers Open for Business by Phone Appointment Only

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation mission area, United States (all USDA Service Centers: FSA, NRCS, Rural Development) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 23, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q3
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CS farm program sign-ups, loan closings and conservation contracts by phone only; FP; IN
Grade: Confirmed from a secondary source
Days in this quarter: 100 (in force on the last day)

Enforcement: USDA operating directive

Citation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation mission area, USDA announcement of Mar. 23, 2020: USDA Service Centers Open for Business by Phone Appointment Only (Ex. FED-391)

Ex. FED-192

Guidelines for Opening Up America Again (Apr. 16, 2020)

Guidelines for Opening Up America Again

The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Apr. 16, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q3
Limitations: Business closureTelework mandateCapacity limitGathering capTravel and quarantine
Functions reached: context: the federal template of the phased reopenings that State orders enacted (telework 'whenever possible' for employers in Phases One and Two; closed or capacity-limited venues; ten-person and fifty-person gathering ceilings; travel minimization)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 76 (in force on the last day)

President Trump has unveiled Guidelines for Opening Up America Again, a three-phased approach based on the advice of public health experts. These steps will help state and local officials when reopening their economies, getting people back to work, and continuing to protect American lives.... Proposed State or Regional Gating Criteria: Satisfy Before Proceeding to Phased Comeback... Downward trajectory of documented cases within a 14-day period... Phase One: For States and Regions that satisfy the gating criteria. INDIVIDUALS: ALL VULNERABLE INDIVIDUALS should continue to shelter in place.... Social settings of more than 10 people, where appropriate distancing may not be practical, should be avoided unless precautionary measures are observed. Avoid SOCIALIZING in groups of more than 10 people in circumstances that do not readily allow for appropriate physical distancing (e.g.…

Enforcement: None (guidance); adopted by reference in State reopening orders (e.g., the phased frameworks of Texas, Georgia, Arizona, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Colorado) and by CMS (FED-159)

Citation: The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force, Guidelines for Opening Up America Again (Apr. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-192) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-318

General Order 72-2

In re: Coronavirus Disease Public Health Emergency (General Order 72-2)

Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Court)

Dates: In force from Apr. 30, 2020 to May 21, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 22

[WHEREAS the Governor of California] ordered a state-wide shelter-in-place;... [the Court's] courthouses remain closed in order to protect the public health and reduce the size of public [gatherings]... issues the following Order, effective immediately: 1. No jury trial will be conducted before June 1, 2020. Any trial dates currently scheduled during that period will be postponed or vacated.

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-2 (Apr. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-318) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-334

General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020)

Continuing Temporary Restrictions on Courthouse Access (Amended May 21, 2020)

Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Court)

Dates: In force from May 21, 2020 to July 1, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT courthouses closed to the public except for official court business, Mar. 2020 - June 30, 2021
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 41 (in force on the last day)

[In light of the shelter-in-place orders and to protect] courthouse visitors, the court will continue to temporarily restrict courthouse access at all four locations due to the ongoing COVID-19 emergency. Effective immediately and until further [order, entry is limited to persons with official court business]... 'Official court business' shall include [scheduled proceedings and filings]... There will also be a drop box available for manual filing in the first floor lobby of the San Francisco, Oakland, and San Jose courthouses.

Enforcement: court order; court security

Citation: Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-334) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-164

CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020)

QSO-20-12-All, Suspension of Survey Activities

CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, United States (all certified providers, suppliers and CLIA laboratories) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 4, 2020 to May 1, 2023
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Health care ordersCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT/HR certification and survey functions (initial certification and change-of-ownership surveys delayed for new providers and acquirers)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 110 (the whole quarter)

Specifically, CMS is suspending non-emergency inspections across the country, allowing inspectors to turn their focus on the most serious health and safety threats like infectious diseases and abuse.... Effective immediately, survey activity is limited to the following (in Priority Order): All immediate jeopardy complaints... Complaints alleging infection control concerns, including facilities with potential COVID-19 or other respiratory illnesses; Statutorily required recertification surveys (Nursing Home, Home Health, Hospice, and ICF/IID facilities); Any re-visits necessary to resolve current enforcement actions; Initial certifications; Surveys of facilities/hospitals that have a history of infection control deficiencies

Enforcement: Governs federal survey operations

Citation: CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-164) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-338

General Order 20-0012 (original)

In re: Coronavirus COVID-19 Public Emergency

Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 12, 2020 to Nov. 13, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Gathering capCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT the first of the Chicago federal court's COVID-19 orders; civil jury trials continued from Mar. 12, 2020
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 110 (the whole quarter)

hereby issues the following order effective immediately: 1. The United States Courthouses in Chicago and Rockford, Illinois will remain open for business, subject [to the following]... 2. The following events in the Northern District of Illinois, scheduled to begin before April 3, 2020, are continued pending further order of the Court: All civil jury trials [and civil and criminal bench trials, and criminal jury trials except as ordered]... 9. Effective March 14, all mass public gatherings, other than court proceedings, are suspended at both the Everett McKinley Dirksen U.S. Courthouse in Chicago and the Stanley J. Roszkowski U.S. Courthouse [in Rockford]... 12. The Court will vacate or amend this General Order no later than April 3, 2020. Dated at Chicago, Illinois this 12th day of March, 2020

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, General Order 20-0012 (original) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-338) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-097

QSO-20-14-NH, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Nursing Homes (Mar. 9, 2020; REVISED Mar. 13, 2020)

QSO-20-14-NH (REVISED)

CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, United States (Medicare and Medicaid nursing homes) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 13, 2020 to Sept. 17, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q3
Limitations: Business closureGathering capHealth care orders
Functions reached: VS visitation closed to all visitors and 'non-essential healthcare personnel' (home-care-senior-living; hospice; therapy contractors; hair and podiatry services; clergy); RS admissions and cohorting; DN communal dining and group activities cancelled; IN referral flows from hospitals
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 110 (the whole quarter)

[As CMS restated it in QSO-20-39-NH:] In March of 2020, CMS issued memorandum QSO 20-14-NH providing guidance to facilities on restricting visitation of all visitors and non-essential healthcare personnel, except for certain compassionate care situations, such as an end-of-life situation. [QSO-20-14-NH revised text:] Facilities should actively screen and restrict visitation by those who meet the following criteria... Restricting means the individual should not be allowed in the facility at all, until they no longer meet the criteria above.

Enforcement: F-tag F563 (visitation) and F880 (infection control) survey enforcement

Citation: CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-14-NH, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Nursing Homes (Mar. 9, 2020; REVISED Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-097) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-027

CDC No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation

No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation, 85 Fed. Reg. 16628 (Mar. 24, 2020)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (CDC Director), United States (all cruise ships in U.S. waters or intending to return; 250+ passenger capacity) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 14, 2020 to Dec. 31, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q4
Limitations: Business closureTravel and quarantineEvents and venues
Functions reached: TV travel demand (hotels-travel); GS group sales and travel agencies; CB cruise passengers and the port economies (Miami, Port Canaveral, Galveston, Seattle, Los Angeles, New Orleans, Baltimore, New York); SC provisioning and port services
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 109 (in force on the last day)

announces the issuance of a No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation on March 14, 2020 for all cruise ships that are not voluntarily suspending operation.... This Notice of No Sail Order and Other Measures Related to Operations shall apply only to the subset of carriers described below and hereinafter referred to as 'cruise ships,' except this Order shall not apply to any cruise ship that voluntarily suspends operations for the period of this Order

Enforcement: 42 U.S.C. § 271; 42 C.F.R. §§ 70.18, 71.2 (criminal penalties); Coast Guard captain-of-the-port authority

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (CDC Director), CDC No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation (Mar. 14, 2020) (Ex. FED-027) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-190

The President's Coronavirus Guidelines for America: 15 Days to Slow the Spread

The President's Coronavirus Guidelines for America - 15 Days to Slow the Spread

The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force (with CDC), United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureTelework mandateGathering capTravel and quarantineSchools and child care
Functions reached: context: the federal template for the ten-person gathering limit, the telework instruction, the closure of bars, restaurants and gyms, and the travel restraint that State orders enacted
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 46

[image-only PDF; text as read in the prior verified research:] Listen to and follow the directions of your STATE AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES.... Work or engage in schooling FROM HOME whenever possible.... AVOID SOCIAL GATHERINGS in groups of more than 10 people.... Avoid eating or drinking at bars, restaurants, and food courts - USE DRIVE-THRU, PICKUP, OR DELIVERY OPTIONS. AVOID DISCRETIONARY TRAVEL, shopping trips, and social visits.... IN STATES WITH EVIDENCE OF COMMUNITY TRANSMISSION, bars, restaurants, food courts, gyms, and other indoor and outdoor venues where groups of people congregate should be closed.

Enforcement: None (guidance); the template every State stay-at-home and closure order of March 2020 implemented

Citation: The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force (with CDC), The President's Coronavirus Guidelines for America: 15 Days to Slow the Spread (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-190) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-291

Press release of March 16, 2020 (postponement of the March 2020 argument session)

Supreme Court postpones oral arguments scheduled for the March session

Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Supreme Court of the United States (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Gathering capCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT the highest court in the country suspended in-person argument for the first time since 1918; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 107 (in force on the last day)

In keeping with public health precautions recommended in response to COVID-19, the Supreme Court is postponing the oral arguments currently scheduled for the March session (March 23-25 and March 30-April 1).... The Court postponed scheduled arguments for October 1918 in response to the Spanish flu epidemic. The Court also shortened its argument calendars in August 1793 and August 1798 in response to yellow fever outbreaks.

Enforcement: order of the Court

Citation: Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 16, 2020 (postponement of the March 2020 argument session) (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-291) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-311

Standing Order 2020-04

In re: COVID-19 Pandemic Procedures

Chief Judge James K. Bredar, United States District Court for the District of Maryland (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 107 (in force on the last day)

WHEREAS, normal court operations and procedures may necessarily need to be amended or suspended on a temporary basis given the exigent circumstances created by the COVID-19 event, the Court finds it necessary to establish a miscellaneous case, In re COVID-19 [Pandemic Procedures, in which all COVID-19 orders are docketed]... ORDERED that these temporary orders shall be rescinded by order of the Chief Judge when circumstances warrant.

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Standing Order 2020-04 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-311) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-317

General Order 72

In re: Coronavirus Disease Public Health Emergency

Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, United States District Court for the Northern District of California (San Francisco, Oakland, San Jose, Eureka) (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Gathering capCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT the federal court for Silicon Valley and San Francisco suspended jury and grand-jury proceedings from Mar. 16, 2020; CS law firms, court reporters, process servers
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 46

[Bay Area health officers have ordered the public to] postpone in-person events consisting of 50 people or more;... hereby issues the following Order, effective immediately: 1. No jury trial will be commenced before May 1, 2020. Any trial dates currently scheduled [before that date will be vacated]... 3. Appearances before the district judges may be waived or postponed, if required by [the parties' health]... 5. All grand jury proceedings in this district are suspended until May 1, 2020.

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-317) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-264

OMB Memorandum M-20-16

Federal Agency Operational Alignment to Slow the Spread of Coronavirus COVID-19

Office of Management and Budget (Acting Director Russell T. Vought), United States (executive branch, nationwide) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 17, 2020 to Apr. 20, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureTelework mandateWorkplace rules
Functions reached: OF federal offices emptied nationwide; PJ contractor performance moved to telework or postponed; CS in-person federal transactions postponed (Social Security offices, IRS taxpayer assistance centers, passport agencies, USCIS, USDA service centers, VA regional offices); CB every business whose customer, licensor or counterparty was a federal office
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 35

the Government must immediately adjust operations and services to minimize face-to-face interactions, especially at those offices or sites where people may be gathering in close proximity or where highly vulnerable populations obtain services.... Non-mission-critical functions that cannot be performed remotely or that require in-person interactions may be postponed or significantly curtailed.... Maximize telework across the nation for the Federal workforce (including mandatory telework, if necessary), while maintaining mission-critical workforce needs... Assess professional services and labor contracts to extend telework flexibilities to contract workers wherever feasible... Agencies shall communicate with their customers to encourage them to delay transactions which are not time-critical and to ensure that available resources can be re-prioritized to mission-critical activities.

Enforcement: OMB directive; agency facility-access policies for employees, contractors and visitors

Citation: Office of Management and Budget (Acting Director Russell T. Vought), OMB Memorandum M-20-16 (Mar. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-264) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-390

Reclamation news release of Mar. 17, 2020: Hoover Dam temporarily closed to all visitors

Hoover Dam temporarily closed to all visitors

Bureau of Reclamation, Hoover Dam, Nevada-Arizona (Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado Basin Region) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 17, 2020 to Oct. 22, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q4
Limitations: Business closure
Functions reached: AM the busiest federal tourist attraction in the Southwest (about one million visitors a year) closed; CB Las Vegas tour operators and Boulder City commerce
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 106 (in force on the last day)

[In accordance with guidance] by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hoover Dam will be temporarily closed to visitors, including [the visitor center and all tours, until further notice.]

Enforcement: Reclamation facility order

Citation: Bureau of Reclamation, Reclamation news release of Mar. 17, 2020: Hoover Dam temporarily closed to all visitors (Ex. FED-390) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-387

NPS news release of Mar. 18, 2020: National Park Service to Temporarily Suspend Park Entrance Fees (with the accompanying direction that superintendents modify operations and close facilities)

National Park Service to Temporarily Suspend Park Entrance Fees

Secretary of the Interior David L. Bernhardt; National Park Service, United States (National Park System) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 18, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureOther
Functions reached: AM attractions and gateway-community tourism (lodging, dining, outfitters, concessions); CB
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 105 (in force on the last day)

Secretary of the Interior David Bernhardt directed the National [Park Service (NPS) to temporarily suspend the collection of all park entrance fees until further notice.] News Release Date: March 18, 2020

Enforcement: Secretarial direction

Citation: Secretary of the Interior David L. Bernhardt; National Park Service, NPS news release of Mar. 18, 2020: National Park Service to Temporarily Suspend Park Entrance Fees (with the accompanying direction that superintendents modify operations and close facilities) (Ex. FED-387) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-292

Order of March 19, 2020, 589 U.S. (Order List)

Order extending the deadline to file petitions for writs of certiorari to 150 days and relaxing extension and distribution rules in light of COVID-19

Supreme Court of the United States, Supreme Court of the United States (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 19, 2020 to July 19, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT federal litigation timetables lengthened nationwide; CS law firms, appellate practice
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 104 (in force on the last day)

In light of the ongoing public health concerns relating to COVID-19, the following shall apply to cases prior to a ruling on a petition for a writ of certiorari: IT IS ORDERED that the deadline to file any petition for a writ of certiorari due on or after the date of this order is extended to 150 days from the date of the lower court judgment, order denying discretionary review, or order denying a timely petition for rehearing.... These modifications will remain in effect until further order of the Court.

Enforcement: order of the Court

Citation: Supreme Court of the United States, Order of March 19, 2020, 589 U.S. (Order List) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-292) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-312

Standing Order 2020-05

In re: Court Operations Under the Exigent Circumstances Created by COVID-19

Chief Judge James K. Bredar, United States District Court for the District of Maryland (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 20, 2020 to Apr. 24, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT all jury trials and non-emergency proceedings postponed; Baltimore and Greenbelt courthouses; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 36

ORDERED by the United States District Court for the District of Maryland that, effective immediately, all civil and criminal petit jury selections and jury trials scheduled to commence now through April 24, 2020 before any district or magistrate judge in any courthouse in the District of Maryland are POSTPONED and CONTINUED pending further Order of the Court;... ORDERED that all other civil, criminal, and bankruptcy proceedings in the U.S. District [Court and Bankruptcy Court] now scheduled to occur from March 16, 2020, through April 24, 2020, are POSTPONED and [CONTINUED]... Date: March 20, 2020

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Standing Order 2020-05 (Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-312) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-099

CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020)

QSO-20-20-ALL, Prioritization of Survey Activities

CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, United States (all Medicare/Medicaid certified providers and suppliers; CLIA laboratories) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 23, 2020 to May 1, 2023
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Health care ordersCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT/HR licensure, certification and survey functions of every certified provider (initial certifications, changes of ownership and revisits delayed); IC (focused infection control surveys imposed)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 100 (in force on the last day)

On Friday, March 13, 2020, the President declared a national emergency, which triggers the Secretary's ability to authorize waivers or modifications of certain requirements pursuant to section 1135 of the Social Security Act (the Act). [CMS suspends standard surveys and prioritizes survey activity to immediate jeopardy complaints, infection control surveys and other listed categories for a three-week period, then as extended.]

Enforcement: Governs State Survey Agency operations (federal survey and certification)

Ex. FED-286

General Docket Order 2020-4 (COVID-19; court operations), Mar. 25, 2020

General Docket Order 2020-4: Court Operations (COVID-19)

United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (General Docket Order; certified copy issued by the Clerk Mar. 25, 2020), United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 25, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT appellate operations, deadlines and in-person argument
Grade: Confirmed from a secondary source
Days in this quarter: 98 (in force on the last day)

Enforcement: court order

Citation: United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (General Docket Order; certified copy issued by the Clerk Mar. 25, 2020), General Docket Order 2020-4 (COVID-19; court operations), Mar. 25, 2020 (Ex. FED-286) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-340

CARES Act §§ 4022-4024 (foreclosure moratorium and forbearance; multifamily forbearance; temporary moratorium on eviction filings) and § 15002 (video teleconferencing for criminal proceedings)

Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, Title IV, Subtitle A, §§ 4022-4024; Division B, § 15002

Congress (Pub. L. 116-136, signed Mar. 27, 2020), United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 27, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public officesOther
Functions reached: SV loan servicing, collections, foreclosure (banks, credit unions, servicers); PM property management: eviction filings barred for covered dwellings Mar. 27 - July 24, 2020; ML mortgage lending (forbearance affects pipeline and secondary market); CT court dockets
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 96 (in force on the last day)

SEC. 4022(c)(2) FORECLOSURE MORATORIUM.--Except with respect to a vacant or abandoned property, a servicer of a Federally backed mortgage loan may not initiate any judicial or non-judicial foreclosure process, move for a foreclosure judgment or order of sale, or execute a foreclosure-related eviction or foreclosure sale for not less than the 60-day period beginning on March 18, 2020.... SEC. 4024. TEMPORARY MORATORIUM ON EVICTION FILINGS.... (b) [During the 120-day period beginning on the date of enactment, the lessor of a covered dwelling may not make, or cause to be made, any filing with the court of jurisdiction to initiate a legal action to recover possession of the covered dwelling from the tenant for nonpayment of rent or other fees or charges, or charge fees, penalties, or other charges to the tenant related to such nonpayment of rent.]... SEC. 15002(b)(1): if the Judicial…

Enforcement: statutory prohibition on servicers and lessors; 15 U.S.C. §§ 9056, 9058

Citation: Congress (Pub. L. 116-136, signed Mar. 27, 2020), CARES Act §§ 4022-4024 (foreclosure moratorium and forbearance; multifamily forbearance; temporary moratorium on eviction filings) and § 15002 (video teleconferencing for criminal proceedings) (Mar. 27, 2020) (Ex. FED-340) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-389

BLM news release of Mar. 27, 2020: BLM temporarily closes developed recreation facilities in Oregon

BLM Temporarily Closes Developed Recreation Facilities in Oregon

Bureau of Land Management, Oregon/Washington State Office and District Managers, Oregon (Bureau of Land Management districts statewide) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 27, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closure
Functions reached: AM outdoor recreation and campground concessions; CB gateway communities
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 96 (in force on the last day)

[The BLM will] temporarily close many of its developed recreation facilities to help limit the spread of COVID-19. This closure includes all campgrounds, and some day use sites, and restrooms. Trash pickup and sanitation [services are also suspended]... These closures are pursuant to the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR): 43 CFR § 8364.1, 43 CFR § 9268.3(d)(1), and 43 CFR § 8365.1-4.... BLM-managed trails and open spaces remain open across Oregon.

Enforcement: 43 C.F.R. § 8364.1 closure orders; 43 C.F.R. § 8360.0-7 penalties

Citation: Bureau of Land Management, Oregon/Washington State Office and District Managers, BLM news release of Mar. 27, 2020: BLM temporarily closes developed recreation facilities in Oregon (Ex. FED-389) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-295

Judicial Conference finding under CARES Act § 15002 that emergency conditions due to the COVID-19 national emergency will materially affect the functioning of the federal courts generally

Judiciary Authorizes Video/Audio Access During COVID-19 Pandemic (uscourts.gov, Mar. 31, 2020)

Judicial Conference of the United States (finding of Mar. 29, 2020), announced by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on Mar. 31, 2020, United States federal courts (all districts) (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 29, 2020 to May 10, 2023
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT every federal district authorized video and telephone criminal proceedings.
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 94 (in force on the last day)

emergency conditions due to the national emergency declared by the President with respect to COVID-19 will materially affect the functioning of the federal courts generally [the Judicial Conference finding quoted in the announcement]; CARES Act § 15002(b)(1): 'if the Judicial Conference of the United States finds that emergency conditions due to the national emergency declared by the President under the National Emergencies Act... will materially affect the functioning of either the Federal courts generally or a particular district court of the United States, the chief judge of a district court covered by the finding... may authorize the use of video teleconferencing, or telephone conferencing if video teleconferencing is not reasonably available, for the following events: (A) Detention hearings... (B) Initial appearances...'

Enforcement: statutory authorization; district-court standing orders (e.g., Exs. FED-301, FED-334, FED-364)

Citation: Judicial Conference of the United States (finding of Mar. 29, 2020), announced by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on Mar. 31, 2020, Judicial Conference finding under CARES Act § 15002 that emergency conditions due to the COVID-19 national emergency will materially affect the functioning of the federal courts generally (Mar. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-295) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-335

General Order 75

Temporary Suspension of Personal Service Rules (COVID-19)

Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 30, 2020 to June 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT service of process suspended and tolled; CS process servers, collection practice
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 93 (in force on the last day)

ORDERED by the United States District Court of the District of Northern California, that [personal service of process by the U.S. Marshals Service in civil cases, in this or any] other district, is SUSPENDED until further Order of the Court;... ORDERED that, in any civil case in which the United States Marshals Service has been ordered to serve process, the time for service under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4(m) is TOLLED until further Order of the Court. ADOPTED: March 30, 2020

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 75 (Mar. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-335) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-191

30 Days to Slow the Spread (extension of the March 16 guidelines through April 30, 2020)

The President's Coronavirus Guidelines for America - 30 Days to Slow the Spread

The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 31, 2020 to Apr. 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureTelework mandateGathering capTravel and quarantineSchools and child care
Functions reached: context
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 31

Enforcement: None (guidance)

Citation: The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force, 30 Days to Slow the Spread (extension of the March 16 guidelines through April 30, 2020) (Mar. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-191) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-293

Press release of April 3, 2020 (postponement of the April 2020 argument session)

Supreme Court postpones the April session oral arguments

Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Supreme Court of the United States (Court)

Dates: In force from Apr. 3, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Gathering capCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 89 (in force on the last day)

In keeping with public health guidance in response to COVID-19, the Court will postpone the oral arguments currently scheduled for the April session (April 20-22 and April 27-29). The Court will consider rescheduling some cases from the March and April sessions before the end of the Term, if circumstances permit in light of public health and safety guidance at that time.

Enforcement: order of the Court

Citation: Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of April 3, 2020 (postponement of the April 2020 argument session) (Apr. 3, 2020) (Ex. FED-293) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-158

CMS, Non-Emergent, Elective Medical Services, and Treatment Recommendations (Apr. 7, 2020) (tiered framework; supplements the Adult Elective Surgery and Procedures Recommendations of Mar. 18, 2020)

Non-Emergent, Elective Medical Services, and Treatment Recommendations

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, United States (all healthcare facilities and clinicians) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Apr. 7, 2020 to Apr. 19, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureHealth care orders
Functions reached: SX surgery and elective procedures (hospitals); PR procedures and elective visits (physician practices); PR/CH elective and aerosol-generating dental procedures; DX diagnostics and preventive services; CB patient volumes
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 13

CMS, in collaboration with medical societies and associations, recently created recommendations to postpone non-essential surgeries and other procedures. This document provides recommendations to limit those medical services that could be deferred, such as non-emergent, elective treatment, and preventive medical services for patients of all ages. A tiered framework is recommended to prioritize services and care to those who require emergent or urgent attention to save a life, manage severe disease, or avoid further harms from an underlying condition.... CMS urges healthcare facilities and clinicians to consider the following tiered approach to curtailing non-emergent, elective medical services and treatment.

Enforcement: Recommendations; made mandatory by State elective-procedure orders and referenced in CMS survey guidance

Citation: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, CMS, Non-Emergent, Elective Medical Services, and Treatment Recommendations (Apr. 7, 2020) (tiered framework; supplements the Adult Elective Surgery and Procedures Recommendations of Mar. 18, 2020) (Ex. FED-158) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-294

Press release of April 13, 2020 (telephone arguments in May 2020)

Supreme Court to hear oral arguments by telephone conference on May 4-6 and 11-13, 2020

Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Supreme Court of the United States (Court)

Dates: In force from Apr. 13, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Gathering capCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 79 (in force on the last day)

The Court will hear oral arguments by telephone conference on May 4, 5, 6, 11, 12 and 13 in a limited number of previously postponed cases.... In keeping with public health guidance in response to COVID-19, the Justices and counsel will all participate remotely. The Court anticipates providing a live audio feed of these arguments to news media.

Enforcement: order of the Court

Citation: Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of April 13, 2020 (telephone arguments in May 2020) (Apr. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-294) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-028

No Sail Order; Notice of Modification and Extension (Apr. 9, 2020)

No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation; Notice of Modification and Extension and Other Measures Related to Operations, 85 Fed. Reg. 21004 (Apr. 15, 2020)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Apr. 15, 2020 to July 24, 2020 (issued Apr. 9, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q3
Limitations: Business closureTravel and quarantineEvents and venues
Functions reached: TV; GS; CB; SC
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 77 (in force on the last day)

[modifies and extends the March 14, 2020 No Sail Order; requires each operator to submit a No Sail Order Response Plan; suspends embarkation of passengers]

Enforcement: same as FED-027

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, No Sail Order; Notice of Modification and Extension (Apr. 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-028) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-159

CMS Recommendations, Re-opening Facilities to Provide Non-emergent Non-COVID-19 Healthcare: Phase I (Apr. 19, 2020)

Opening Up America Again: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Recommendations Re-opening Facilities to Provide Non-emergent Non-COVID-19 Healthcare: Phase I

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Apr. 19, 2020 to June 8, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Capacity limitHealth care ordersWorkplace rules
Functions reached: SX/PR resumption conditions (screening, PPE, testing, facility zoning, visitor limits, distancing in waiting rooms); OC outpatient; CB
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 51

To expand capacity to care for these patients and to conserve adequate staff and supplies, especially personal protective equipment (PPE), on March 18 the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) recommended limiting non-essential care and expanding surge capacity into ambulatory surgical centers and other areas.... Therefore, if states or regions have passed the Gating Criteria (symptoms, cases, and hospitals) announced on April 16, 2020, then they may proceed to Phase I.... Maximum use of all telehealth modalities is strongly encouraged. However, for care that cannot be accomplished virtually, these recommendations -- the first in a series of recommendations -- may guide healthcare systems and facilities as they consider resuming in-person care of non-COVID-19 patients in regions with low incidence of COVID-19 disease.

Enforcement: Recommendations; conditions adopted by State reopening orders for health care

Citation: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, CMS Recommendations, Re-opening Facilities to Provide Non-emergent Non-COVID-19 Healthcare: Phase I (Apr. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-159) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-288

General Order 2020-8

In the Matter of Court Operations Under the Exigent Circumstances Created by COVID-19: Continuation of Trials Through July 6, 2020

Chief Judge Philip A. Brimmer, United States District Court for the District of Colorado (Court)

Dates: In force from May 6, 2020 to July 6, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT all trials in the District of Colorado continued Mar. 2020 - July 6, 2020 and beyond; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 56 (in force on the last day)

ORDERED that all civil and criminal trials scheduled to commence now through July 6, 2020 before any district or magistrate judge in any courthouse in the District of Colorado are CONTINUED subject to further order of the presiding judicial officer.... [the restrictions of General Order] 2020-6, continue to remain in effect through May 29, 2020. Dated at Denver, Colorado this 6th day of May, 2020.

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Philip A. Brimmer, General Order 2020-8 (May 6, 2020) (Ex. FED-288) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-157

QSO-20-30-NH, Nursing Home Reopening Recommendations for State and Local Officials (May 18, 2020; REVISED Mar. 10, 2021; expired Mar. 10, 2021)

QSO-20-30-NH, Nursing Home Reopening Recommendations for State and Local Officials

CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, United States (nursing homes; State and local officials) (Federal)

Dates: In force from May 18, 2020 to Mar. 10, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q1
Limitations: Capacity limitGathering capHealth care orders
Functions reached: VS visitation phases; DN communal dining and group activities by phase; HR non-essential personnel entry by phase (salons, therapy, volunteers); RS admissions
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 44 (in force on the last day)

Recommendations for State and Local Officials: CMS is providing recommendations to help determine the level of mitigation needed to prevent the transmission of COVID19 in nursing homes. The recommendations cover the following items: Criteria for relaxing certain restrictions and mitigating the risk of resurgence: Factors to inform decisions for relaxing nursing home restrictions through a phased approach. Visitation and Service Considerations: Considerations allowing visitation and services in each phase.... Given the critical importance in limiting COVID-19 exposure in nursing homes, decisions on relaxing restrictions should be made with careful review of a number of facility-level, community, and State factors/orders

Enforcement: Recommendations; implemented by State orders and directives and by survey

Citation: CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-30-NH, Nursing Home Reopening Recommendations for State and Local Officials (May 18, 2020; REVISED Mar. 10, 2021; expired Mar. 10, 2021) (Ex. FED-157) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-330

General Order 72-3

In re: Coronavirus Disease Public Health Emergency (General Order 72-3)

Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Court)

Dates: In force from May 21, 2020 to June 24, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT civil jury trials suspended through Sept. 30, 2020; all civil matters on the papers or by video
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 35

1. No new jury trial will be conducted through September 30, 2020. Any jury trial dates currently scheduled to commence during that period will be postponed or vacated. However, individual judges may offer bench trials by videoconference in lieu of postponement. 2. Through September 30, 2020, all civil matters will be decided on the papers, or if the assigned [judge believes a hearing is necessary, by telephone or videoconference]... [criminal:] 1. No new jury trial will be conducted through June 30, 2020.

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-3 (May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-330) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-393

USACE district closures of recreation areas, campgrounds, visitor centers and project offices (March 2020); HQ release 'Army Corps-managed campgrounds to remain closed until further notice' (April 2020); gradual reopening release of May 21, 2020

Army Corps of Engineers begins gradual reopening of recreation areas closed due to coronavirus (May 21, 2020), following district closures of March 2020

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Headquarters and district commanders, United States (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers recreation areas, visitor centers and project offices) (Federal)

Dates: In force from May 21, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020 (issued Mar. 17, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q3
Limitations: Business closure
Functions reached: AM the largest federal provider of outdoor recreation (about 270 million visits a year) closed its campgrounds and visitor centers; CB
Grade: Confirmed from a secondary source
Days in this quarter: 41 (in force on the last day)

Reopening of closed recreation areas will vary from location to location based on state and local conditions, as well as each project's ability to put in place COVID-19 safety precautions.

Enforcement: 36 C.F.R. part 327 closures

Citation: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Headquarters and district commanders, USACE district closures of recreation areas, campgrounds, visitor centers and project offices (March 2020); HQ release 'Army Corps-managed campgrounds to remain closed until further notice' (April 2020); gradual reopening release of May 21, 2020 (Mar. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-393)

Ex. FED-302

Standing Order 20-13

In re: Use of Face Coverings/Masks Due to COVID-19

Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (Newark, Trenton, Camden) (Court)

Dates: In force from May 22, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 40 (in force on the last day)

IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, that all persons seeking entry to or [present in the courthouses, including court staff and] the public, are required to wear a face covering or mask when in a community setting, including entering and exiting the courthouse, entering and exiting the Clerk's Office, and in [elevators, hallways] and restrooms; and it is further ORDERED that all persons shall engage in social distancing, which requires that individuals maintain a six-foot distance between each other...

Enforcement: court order; court security

Citation: Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 20-13 (May 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-302) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-285

Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-078

In re: Coronavirus Public Emergency - Use of Face Coverings in the Courthouses

Chief Judge Philip S. Gutierrez, United States District Court for the Central District of California (Court)

Dates: In force from June 1, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT courthouse access conditioned on masking for all of 2020 Q3 through 2021 Q3; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 30 (in force on the last day)

[all persons entering or] occupying, the United States Courthouses or Probation and Pretrial Services Offices in the Central District of California must wear face coverings in all [public] spaces. The face covering must completely conceal the individual's nose [and mouth]...

Enforcement: court order; court security officers

Citation: Chief Judge Philip S. Gutierrez, Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-078 (June 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-285) Open the exhibit

139 further federal instruments were in force in this quarter and are listed in the Library's federal layer at covidproject.com/federal; this report shows the 40 most relevant to this selection.

Regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops

Ex. SEC-08-010

Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0

Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships (Version 2.0, effective June 11, 2020; Version 1.0 effective May 11, 2020)

Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Kentucky (State)

Dates: In force from June 11, 2020 to June 11, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Business closureCapacity limitFace-covering requirementWorkplace rules
Functions reached: SR; DL; FI; SV; PT; OP; WF
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 20 (in force on the last day)

'In addition to the Healthy at Work minimum requirements, vehicle and boat dealerships must meet the requirements below in order to reopen and remain open'; 'In no case should a showroom exceed 25% of its designated maximum occupancy'; 'Dealerships should allow customers to test drive vehicles/vessels without an employee present'; 'Dealerships should ensure that all deliveries occur without personal interaction. Deliveries should be made curbside, at the customer's home, or in open service lanes'

Enforcement: KRS 39A.990 and the Healthy at Work orders; local health departments

Citation: Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010) Open the exhibit

Ex. SEC-08-040

Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020)

Governor Abbott Grants Temporary Waiver of Vehicle Title & Registration Requirements

Governor Abbott, Texas (State)

Dates: In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 14, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public officesOther
Functions reached: DM; SR; FI
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 107 (in force on the last day)

See Ex. TX-069: 'The temporary waiver of certain vehicle title and registration requirements, announced by Governor Greg Abbott on March 16, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, will end on April 14, 2021'

Citation: Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040)

Ex. SEC-08-012

Industry Operation Guidance (Life-Sustaining Business list)

Life-Sustaining Business list of March 19, 2020

Governor Wolf and Secretary of Health, Pennsylvania (State)

Dates: In force from Mar. 19, 2020 to May 28, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closure
Functions reached: SR; SV; PT
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 71

'Automobile Dealers No'; 'Other Motor Vehicle Dealers No'; 'Automotive Parts, Accessories, and Tire Stores Yes'; 'Automotive Repair and Maintenance Yes' (read in Ex. PA-004)

Enforcement: Recited in the Mar. 19 orders

Citation: Governor Wolf and Secretary of Health, Industry Operation Guidance (Life-Sustaining Business list) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-012)

Ex. SEC-08-002

Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 2.0

Advisory Memorandum on Identification of Essential Critical Infrastructure Workers During COVID-19 Response

DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 28, 2020 to Apr. 17, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureOther
Functions reached: SR; SV; PT; DL; DM; SC
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 21

'Workers critical to the manufacturing, distribution, sales, rental, leasing, repair, and maintenance of vehicles and other transportation equipment (including electric vehicle charging stations) and the supply chains that enable these operations to facilitate continuity of travel-related operations for essential workers'; 'Automotive repair, maintenance, and transportation equipment manufacturing and distribution facilities'; transportation workers including 'Department of Motor Vehicle (DMV) workers'

Enforcement: Through incorporating State orders (Texas GA-14 effective Apr. 2, 2020; North Carolina EO 121 effective Mar. 30; Georgia EO 04.02.20.01; Florida EO 20-91)

Citation: DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 2.0 (Mar. 28, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-002) Open the exhibit

Ex. SEC-08-014

Guidance for Determining Whether a Business Enterprise is Subject to a Workforce Reduction Under Recent Executive Orders (Apr. 2, 2020 capture)

ESD Essential Business Guidance

Empire State Development, New York (State)

Dates: In force from Apr. 2, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closure
Functions reached: SR; SV
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 90 (in force on the last day)

See Exs. NY-091 and NY-092

Enforcement: EO 202.6 and 202.8

Citation: Empire State Development, Guidance for Determining Whether a Business Enterprise is Subject to a Workforce Reduction Under Recent Executive Orders (Apr. 2, 2020 capture) (Ex. SEC-08-014)

Ex. SEC-08-003

Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 3.0

Advisory Memorandum on Identification of Essential Critical Infrastructure Workers During COVID-19 Response

DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Apr. 17, 2020 to May 19, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closureOther
Functions reached: SR; SV; PT; DL; DM; SC
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 33

'Workers critical to the manufacturing, distribution, sales, rental, leasing, repair, and maintenance of vehicles and other transportation equipment... to facilitate continuity of travel-related operations for essential workers'; 'Automotive repair, maintenance, and transportation equipment manufacturing and distribution facilities'; 'Department of Motor Vehicle (DMV) workers'

Enforcement: Through incorporating State orders

Citation: DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 3.0 (Apr. 17, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-003) Open the exhibit

Ex. SEC-08-013

Life-Sustaining Business Frequently Asked Questions (Apr. 20, 2020)

Life Sustaining Business Frequently Asked Questions

Governor's Office, Pennsylvania (State)

Dates: In force from Apr. 20, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Business closure
Functions reached: SR; SV; PT
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 72 (in force on the last day)

FAQ addresses vehicle dealers by reference to the Apr. 20, 2020 vehicle transactions guidance (read for existence; quote from the PDF before use)

Enforcement: As in the orders

Citation: Governor's Office, Life-Sustaining Business Frequently Asked Questions (Apr. 20, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-013) Open the exhibit

Ex. SEC-08-005

COVID-19 Jurisdiction Temporary Operational Changes table

COVID-19 Jurisdiction Temporary Operational Changes (updated as of 12:50 pm EDT, April 30, 2020)

American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, United States and Canada (Sector regulator)

Dates: In force from Apr. 30, 2020 to May 12, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public officesOther
Functions reached: DM; SR; FI
Grade: Confirmed from a secondary source
Days in this quarter: 13

New York (updated 4/6): 'All offices closed... No new registrations being issued at this time'; New Mexico: 'All MVD offices around the state will be closed effective immediately until further notice'

Enforcement: Each jurisdiction's own order or notice

Citation: American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, COVID-19 Jurisdiction Temporary Operational Changes table (Apr. 30, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-005) Open the exhibit

Ex. SEC-08-004

COVID-19 Jurisdiction Temporary Operational Changes table

COVID-19 Jurisdiction Temporary Operational Changes (updated as of 5:15 pm EDT, May 12, 2020; 28 pages)

American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (compilation of jurisdiction reports), United States and Canada (all motor-vehicle jurisdictions) (Sector regulator)

Dates: In force from May 12, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public officesOther
Functions reached: DM; SR (completion of sales); FI; HR (CDL testing)
Grade: Confirmed from a secondary source
Days in this quarter: 50 (in force on the last day)

Ohio: 'Effective 3/19, the Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles (BMV) will be closing 181 BMV deputy registrar locations. All other public licensing and registration services will be discontinued'; New Jersey: 'All New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission agencies, road testing, and inspection facilities remain closed to the public'; Texas: 'Effective 3/19, all TX DL offices are closed... All TxDMV offices closed to the public for in-person transactions... Operations at county tax offices, through which most motorists conduct registration and title transactions, will vary from county to county'; Michigan: 'All offices closed until further notice. Online only transactions available'; Illinois: 'All driver license facilities statewide closed until further notice'; Pennsylvania: 'Per 4/20 announcement, allowing for vehicles sales over the internet is very limited. In order for dealers to conduct sales…

Enforcement: Each jurisdiction's own order or notice (cited row by row in the State table)

Citation: American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (compilation of jurisdiction reports), COVID-19 Jurisdiction Temporary Operational Changes table (May 12, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-004) Open the exhibit

Ex. SEC-08-015

ESD Essential Business Guidance (as of June 10, 2020)

Guidance for Determining Whether a Business Enterprise is Subject to a Workforce Reduction Under Recent Executive Orders

Empire State Development, New York (State)

Dates: In force from June 10, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020 (issued June 8, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q3
Limitations: Business closureWorkplace rules
Functions reached: SR; DL; SV
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 21 (in force on the last day)

'automotive sales conducted remotely or electronically, with in-person vehicle showing, return, and delivery by appointment only'; 'automotive repair'

Enforcement: EO 202.6, 202.8 and NY Forward

Citation: Empire State Development, ESD Essential Business Guidance (as of June 10, 2020) (June 8, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-015) Open the exhibit

Ex. SEC-08-032

Advance Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, March 2020

U.S. Census Bureau, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Apr. 15, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Other
Functions reached: SR; PT; CB
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 77 (in force on the last day)

March 2020 total sales '$483.1 billion, a decrease of 8.7 percent'; Table 1: '441 Motor vehicle & parts dealers 277,606 -4.1'; '4411, 4412 Auto & other motor veh. dealers 255,237 -4.5' (Jan.-Mar. 2020 versus 2019)

Enforcement: None

Citation: U.S. Census Bureau, Advance Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, March 2020 (Apr. 15, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-032) Open the exhibit

Ex. SEC-08-030

Advance Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, April 2020 (CB20-69)

Advance Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, April 2020

U.S. Census Bureau, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from May 15, 2020 to June 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q2
Limitations: Other
Functions reached: SR; PT; CB
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 47 (in force on the last day)

Total retail and food services sales for April 2020 'were $403.9 billion, a decrease of 16.4 percent from the previous month, and 21.6 percent below April 2019'; Table 1: '441 Motor vehicle & parts dealers... 344,019 -11.6' (Jan.-Apr. 2020 total, millions of dollars, versus 2019); '4411, 4412 Auto & other motor veh. dealers 315,132 -12.1'

Enforcement: None

Citation: U.S. Census Bureau, Advance Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, April 2020 (CB20-69) (May 15, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-030) Open the exhibit

Third quarter of 2020 (July 1, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020)

Federal layer

Ex. FED-333

General Order 72-6

In re: COVID Public Health Emergency (General Order 72-6)

Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Court)

Dates: In force from Sept. 16, 2020 to July 1, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT courthouses closed to public events and tours; most appearances remote; in force Sept. 16, 2020 - June 30, 2021
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 15 (in force on the last day)

Orders as follows, effective immediately: 1. Jury trials and bench trials may proceed in accordance with the logistical considerations [necessitated by the pandemic]... 3. Other court appearances may be waived or postponed, or may be conducted by telephone or [videoconference]... [in-person proceedings other than trials] are suspended pending further notice, unless a judge orders otherwise in a specific case.... 3. Pending further notice, the courthouses and law libraries are closed for public events, tours, and [gatherings]... 4. Effective immediately, this General Order supersedes General Order 72-5. ADOPTED: September 16, 2020

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-6 (Sept. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-333) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-325

USCIS alert of May 27, 2020: USCIS Preparing to Resume Public Services on June 4

USCIS Preparing to Resume Public Services on June 4

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, United States (USCIS domestic offices) (Federal)

Dates: In force from June 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued May 27, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Face-covering requirementCourts and public officesWorkplace rules
Functions reached: HR; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services is preparing some domestic offices to reopen and resume non-emergency public services on or after June 4. On March 18, USCIS temporarily suspended routine in-person [services]... Members of the public must wear facial coverings that cover both the mouth and nose when entering [facilities]...

Enforcement: agency entry conditions

Citation: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, USCIS alert of May 27, 2020: USCIS Preparing to Resume Public Services on June 4 (Ex. FED-325) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-336

General Order 77

Provisional Modifications to the Jury Plan (COVID-19)

Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Court)

Dates: In force from June 9, 2020 to June 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT jury pools thinned by deferral rights; WF jurors' employers
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

[Any prospective juror] may, upon request, defer or postpone jury service from six months to 12 months.... These provisional modifications to the Jury Plan will remain in effect until [further order]. IT IS SO ORDERED. ADOPTED: June 9, 2020

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 77 (June 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-336) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-331

General Order 72-4

In re: Coronavirus Disease Public Health Emergency (General Order 72-4)

Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Court)

Dates: In force from June 24, 2020 to July 23, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT in force June 30 - July 1, 2020
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 23 (in force on the first day)

[civil:] 1. No new jury trial will be conducted through September 30, 2020.... 2. Through September 30, 2020, all civil matters will be decided on the papers, or if the assigned [judge orders, by telephone or videoconference]... [criminal:] 1. Commencing July 1, 2020, a limited number of jury trials are permitted at the court's discretion.... [in-person proceedings other than trials] are suspended pending further notice, unless a judge orders otherwise in a specific case.

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-4 (June 24, 2020) (Ex. FED-331) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-316

Fourth Amendment to General Order 20-01

In re: Court Operations Under the Exigent Circumstances Created by COVID-19 (General Order 20-01, Fourth Amendment)

Chief Judge Thomas W. Thrash, Jr., United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia (Atlanta, Gainesville, Newnan, Rome) (Court)

Dates: In force from July 4, 2020 to July 31, 2020 (issued July 31, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT Atlanta's federal court: no jury trials Mar. 16 - July 31, 2020 and beyond; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 28

General Order 20-01, dated March 16, 2020, and amended by orders dated March [and April 2020, addressed the exigent circumstances] created by the spread of COVID-19. The Third Amendment to General Order 20-01, entered May 26, 2020, extended the time periods specified in the Order through and including July 3, 2020.... As the adverse conditions giving rise to General Order 20-01 have not sufficiently resolved for the Court to return to normal operations, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that General Order 20-01, as amended, is further amended to extend the time periods specified therein through and including the date of July 31, 2020. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that while there will be no civil or criminal jury [trials during that period]...

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Thomas W. Thrash, Jr, Fourth Amendment to General Order 20-01 (July 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-316) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-029

No Sail Order; Second Modification and Extension (July 16, 2020)

No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation; Second Modification and Extension of No Sail Order and Other Measures Related to Operations, 85 Fed. Reg. 44085 (July 21, 2020)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from July 16, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q3
Limitations: Business closureTravel and quarantineEvents and venues
Functions reached: TV; GS; CB; SC
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 77 (in force on the last day)

[second extension of the No Sail Order through September 30, 2020]

Enforcement: same as FED-027

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, No Sail Order; Second Modification and Extension (July 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-029) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-332

General Order 72-5

In re: Coronavirus Disease Public Health Emergency (General Order 72-5)

Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Court)

Dates: In force from July 23, 2020 to Sept. 16, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q3
Limitations: Gathering capCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT the federal court records that a State order capping in-court proceedings at ten people 'necessarily precludes jury trials' (July 2020)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 56

[WHEREAS the State's July 2020 orders limit] permissible in-court criminal proceedings to ten people, which necessarily precludes jury trials;... 1. No new jury trial will be conducted through September 30, 2020. Any jury trial currently scheduled to commence before October 1, 2020, will be postponed or vacated. However, individual judges may offer bench trials by videoconference in lieu of postponement. 2. Through September 30, 2020, all civil matters will be decided on the papers...

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-5 (July 23, 2020) (Ex. FED-332) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-022

CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19

Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 55292 (Sept. 4, 2020)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (signed by the CDC Director Sept. 1, 2020), United States (every State and territory with documented COVID-19 cases lacking an equal or stronger moratorium) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Sept. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued Sept. 1, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public officesOther
Functions reached: PM property management (eviction and possessory actions suspended for covered persons); SV servicing and collections (financial services); CL/CT court and clerk functions (eviction dockets); CB tenant base of real-estate and property-management firms
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 27 (in force on the last day)

Under 42 CFR 70.2, a landlord, owner of a residential property, or other person with a legal right to pursue eviction or possessory action, shall not evict any covered person from any residential property in any jurisdiction to which this Order applies during the effective period of the Order.... This Order does not apply in any State, local, territorial, or tribal area with a moratorium on residential evictions that provides the same or greater level of public-health protection than the requirements listed in this Order.

Enforcement: Criminal: 'a person violating this Order may be subject to a fine of no more than $100,000 if the violation does not result in a death or one year in jail, or both... An organization violating this Order may be subject to a fine of no more than $200,000 per event if the violation does not result in a death or $500,000 per event if the violation results in a death' (18 U.S.C. §§ 3559, 3571; 42…

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (signed by the CDC Director Sept. 1, 2020), CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19 (Sept. 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-022) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-030

No Sail Order; Third Modification and Extension (Sept. 30, 2020)

No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation; Third Modification and Extension of No Sail Order and Other Measures Related to Operations, 85 Fed. Reg. 62732 (Oct. 5, 2020)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Sept. 30, 2020 to Oct. 31, 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q32020 Q4
Limitations: Business closureTravel and quarantineEvents and venues
Functions reached: TV; GS; CB; SC
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 1 (in force on the last day)

[extends the No Sail Order to the earliest of the PHE's expiration, rescission, or] October 31, 2020.

Enforcement: same as FED-027

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, No Sail Order; Third Modification and Extension (Sept. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-030) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-289

General Order 20-10 (court operations under COVID-19, March 2020) and its successors General Orders 20-11 through 20-30 (2020) and 21-11 (June 17, 2021)

General Order 20-10: Court Operations (COVID-19), with successors (20-12 Grand Jury; 20-13, 20-15, 20-16, 20-17 Court Operations; 20-18 CARES Act; 20-20 Jury; 20-26 Court Operations; 20-30 CARES Act extension; 21-11)

Chief Judge G. Murray Snow, United States District Court for the District of Arizona (Phoenix, Tucson, Flagstaff, Yuma) (Court)

Dates: In force from June 17, 2021 to June 17, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: Grand juries; courthouse access; CARES Act video proceedings)
Grade: Confirmed from a secondary source
Days in this quarter: 0

Enforcement: court orders

Citation: Chief Judge G. Murray Snow, General Order 20-10 (court operations under COVID-19, March 2020) and its successors General Orders 20-11 through 20-30 (2020) and 21-11 (June 17, 2021) (Ex. FED-289)

Ex. FED-287

General Order No. 44 (entrance protocols; COVID-19)

General Order 44: Entrance Protocols (Elbert P. Tuttle Courthouse)

United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit (Atlanta) (Court)

Dates: Effective: 2020
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT
Grade: Confirmed from a secondary source

Enforcement: court order; court security

Citation: United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, General Order No. 44 (entrance protocols; COVID-19) (Ex. FED-287) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-010

Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists Nationwide as the Result of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus

Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists

Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Jan. 27, 2020 to May 11, 2023 (issued Jan. 31, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Emergency declaration
Functions reached: predicate for the CDC orders (each states it runs until the PHE ends), the § 1135 waivers, the CMS interim final rules and the OSHA ETS findings
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

As a result of confirmed cases of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), on this date and after consultation with public health officials as necessary, I, Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services, pursuant to the authority vested in me under section 319 of the Public Health Service Act, do hereby determine that a public health emergency exists and has existed since January 27, 2020, nationwide.

Enforcement: Predicate; the enabled instruments carry their own enforcement

Citation: Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists Nationwide as the Result of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-010) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-200

Proclamation 9984

Suspension of Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of Persons Who Pose a Risk of Transmitting 2019 Novel Coronavirus and Other Appropriate Measures To Address This Risk, 85 Fed. Reg. 6709 (Feb. 5, 2020)

President Donald J. Trump, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Feb. 2, 2020 to Nov. 8, 2021 (issued Jan. 31, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Travel and quarantine
Functions reached: TV inbound travel from China (business visitors, buyers, engineers); SC supplier engineering and quality visits; MK inbound trade-show attendance; CB foreign customer base
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

Section 1. Suspension and Limitation on Entry. The entry into the United States, as immigrants or nonimmigrants, of all aliens who were physically present within the People's Republic of China, excluding the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau, during the 14-day period preceding their entry or attempted entry into the United States is hereby suspended and limited subject to section 2 of this proclamation.... Sec. 6. Effective Date. This proclamation is effective at 5:00 p.m. eastern standard time on February 2, 2020.

Enforcement: Sec. 3: implemented by the Secretaries of State and Homeland Security; an alien who circumvents the proclamation is a priority for removal (sec. 3(c)); carriers barred from boarding covered aliens under DHS implementing measures

Citation: President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9984 (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-200) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-180

Declaration Under the PREP Act for Medical Countermeasures Against COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 15198 (Mar. 17, 2020; effective Feb. 4, 2020)

Declaration Under the Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act for Medical Countermeasures Against COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 15198 (Mar. 17, 2020)

Secretary of Health and Human Services, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Feb. 4, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2024 (issued Mar. 10, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Emergency declarationHealth care orders
Functions reached: context: the federal legal framework under which pharmacies, employers' clinics, and later dental and other practitioners administered tests and vaccines
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

The Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act (PREP Act) authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services (the Secretary) to issue a Declaration to provide liability immunity to certain individuals and entities (Covered Persons) against any claim of loss caused by, arising out of, relating to, or resulting from the manufacture, distribution, administration, or use of medical countermeasures (Covered Countermeasures), except for claims involving 'willful misconduct' as defined in the PREP Act.... DATES: The Declaration was effective as of February 4, 2020.

Enforcement: Liability immunity; amended nine times through 2021 (85 Fed. Reg. 21012; 35100; 52136; 79190; 86 Fed. Reg. 7872; 9516; 14462; 41977; 51160)

Citation: Secretary of Health and Human Services, Declaration Under the PREP Act for Medical Countermeasures Against COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 15198 (Mar. 17, 2020; effective Feb. 4, 2020) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-180) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-181

Determination of Public Health Emergency and Declaration that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for 2019-nCoV

Determination of Public Health Emergency, 85 Fed. Reg. 7316 (Feb. 7, 2020)

Secretary of Health and Human Services, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Feb. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Emergency declarationHealth care orders
Functions reached: context: the earliest federal emergency determination (Feb. 4, 2020); the legal basis of every COVID-19 test EUA
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

On February 4, 2020, the Secretary determined pursuant to his authority under section 564 of the FD&C Act that there is a public health emergency that has a significant potential to affect national security or the health and security of United States citizens living abroad and that involves a novel (new) coronavirus (nCoV) first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in 2019 (2019-nCoV). On the basis of this determination, he also declared that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for detection and/or diagnosis of this novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pursuant to section 564 of the FD&C Act

Enforcement: Framework for FDA emergency use authorizations

Citation: Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination of Public Health Emergency and Declaration that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for 2019-nCoV (Feb. 4, 2020) (Ex. FED-181) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-001

Proclamation 9994

Declaring a National Emergency Concerning the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak, 85 Fed. Reg. 15337 (Mar. 18, 2020)

President Donald J. Trump, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 1, 2020 to Apr. 10, 2023 (issued Mar. 13, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Emergency declaration
Functions reached: predicate for every federal health-care instrument (FED-090 to FED-099, FED-160)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

do hereby find and proclaim that the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States constitutes a national emergency, beginning March 1, 2020. Pursuant to this declaration, I direct as follows: Section 1. Emergency Authority. The Secretary of HHS may exercise the authority under section 1135 of the SSA to temporarily waive or modify certain requirements of the Medicare, Medicaid, and State Children's Health Insurance programs and of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Privacy Rule throughout the duration of the public health emergency declared in response to the COVID-19 outbreak.

Enforcement: Predicate only; operates through the instruments it enables (§ 1135 waivers; CMS interim final rules; Stafford Act assistance)

Citation: President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9994 (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-001) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-160

COVID-19 Emergency Declaration Blanket Waivers for Health Care Providers (consolidated document; version updated May 24, 2021)

COVID-19 Emergency Declaration Blanket Waivers for Health Care Providers

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, United States (Medicare, Medicaid and CHIP providers) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 1, 2020 to May 11, 2023 (issued Mar. 13, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Health care ordersOther
Functions reached: TM telehealth (physician practices, behavioral health); IP surge capacity and 'hospitals without walls' (hospitals); HC/SN home health assessments and supervision (home care); OF credentialing and administration (HR); CB payers
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

CMS is empowered to take proactive steps through 1135 waivers as well as, where applicable, authority granted under section 1812(f) of the Social Security Act (the Act) and rapidly expand the Administration's aggressive efforts against COVID-19. As a result, the following blanket waivers are in effect, with a retroactive effective date of March 1, 2020 through the end of the emergency declaration.... Home Health Agencies (HHAs): Initial Assessments. CMS is waiving the requirements at 42 CFR § 484.55(a) to allow HHAs to perform Medicare-covered initial assessments and determine patients' homebound status remotely or by record review. Waive Onsite Visits for HHA Aide Supervision. CMS is waiving the requirements at 42 CFR § 484.80(h), which require a nurse to conduct an onsite visit every two weeks.

Enforcement: Modifies otherwise mandatory conditions of participation; survey and certification

Citation: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, COVID-19 Emergency Declaration Blanket Waivers for Health Care Providers (consolidated document; version updated May 24, 2021) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-160) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-182

Emergency Use Declaration: personal respiratory protective devices

Emergency Use Declaration, 85 Fed. Reg. 13907 (Mar. 10, 2020)

Secretary of Health and Human Services, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 2, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Emergency declarationSupply chain
Functions reached: context for SC (respirator supply) in every health care and industrial sector
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

On the basis of this determination, he also declared that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of personal respiratory protective devices during the COVID-19 outbreak, pursuant to section 564 of the FD&C Act, subject to the terms of any authorization issued under that section. DATES: The determination was effective February 4, 2020, and this declaration is effective March 2, 2020.

Enforcement: Framework for the NIOSH-respirator, imported-respirator and decontamination EUAs

Citation: Secretary of Health and Human Services, Emergency Use Declaration: personal respiratory protective devices (Mar. 2, 2020) (Ex. FED-182) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-201

Proclamation 9992

Suspension of Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of Certain Additional Persons Who Pose a Risk of Transmitting 2019 Novel Coronavirus (Islamic Republic of Iran), 85 Fed. Reg. 12855 (Mar. 4, 2020)

President Donald J. Trump, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 2, 2020 to Nov. 8, 2021 (issued Feb. 29, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Travel and quarantine
Functions reached: TV inbound travel; CB foreign customer base
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

Section 1. Suspension and Limitation on Entry. The entry into the United States, as immigrants or nonimmigrants, of all aliens who were physically present within the Islamic Republic of Iran during the 14-day period preceding their entry or attempted entry into the United States is hereby suspended and limited subject to section 2 of this proclamation.... Sec. 6. Effective Date. This proclamation is effective at 5:00 p.m. eastern standard time on March 2, 2020.

Enforcement: Sec. 3 implementation by State and DHS; removal priority for circumvention

Citation: President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9992 (Feb. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-201) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-096

CMS QSO-20-13-Hospitals (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-14-NH (Mar. 13, 2020), QSO-20-18-HHA (Mar. 10, 2020)

QSO-20-13-Hospitals

CMS, Center for Clinical Standards and Quality / Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, United States (Medicare-participating hospitals) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Health care orders
Functions reached: ED intake and screening; VS visitation; IC infection control; IP placement and discharge
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

Hospital Guidance and Actions - CMS regulations and guidance support hospitals taking appropriate action to address potential and confirmed COVID cases and mitigate transmission including screening, discharge and transfers from the hospital, and visitation.... Hospitals should identify visitors and patients at risk for having COVID-19 infection before or immediately upon arrival to the healthcare facility.

Enforcement: Hospital CoP survey and enforcement (42 C.F.R. § 482.42)

Citation: CMS, Center for Clinical Standards and Quality / Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-13-Hospitals (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-14-NH (Mar. 13, 2020), QSO-20-18-HHA (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-096) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-088

Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for COVID-19 (OSHA 3990-03 2020)

Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for COVID-19

OSHA, U.S. Department of Labor, United States (all employers) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 9, 2020 to Jan. 29, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q4
Limitations: Workplace rules
Functions reached: EMP context: the federal template (exposure-risk pyramid; engineering, administrative and PPE controls) that State workplace orders incorporated by reference
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

This guidance is not a standard or regulation, and it creates no new legal obligations. It contains recommendations as well as descriptions of mandatory safety and health standards. The recommendations are advisory in nature, informational in content, and are intended to assist employers in providing a safe and healthful workplace.... the Act's General Duty Clause, Section 5(a)(1), requires employers to provide their employees with a workplace free from recognized hazards likely to cause death or serious physical harm.

Enforcement: None as guidance; general duty clause citations used it as the measure of recognized hazard and feasible abatement

Citation: OSHA, U.S. Department of Labor, Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for COVID-19 (OSHA 3990-03 2020) (Mar. 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-088) Open the exhibit

Continuing in force from an earlier quarter of this report (19 instruments):

Exhibit	Citation	Dates	Limitations
Ex. FED-290	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290)	In force from Mar. 12, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-391	U.S. Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation mission area, USDA announcement of Mar. 23, 2020: USDA Service Centers Open for Business by Phone Appointment Only (Ex. FED-391)	In force from Mar. 23, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-192	The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force, Guidelines for Opening Up America Again (Apr. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-192)	In force from Apr. 16, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020	Business closureTelework mandateCapacity limitGathering capTravel and quarantine
Ex. FED-334	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-334)	In force from May 21, 2020 to July 1, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-097	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-14-NH, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Nursing Homes (Mar. 9, 2020; REVISED Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-097)	In force from Mar. 13, 2020 to Sept. 17, 2020	Business closureGathering capHealth care orders
Ex. FED-027	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (CDC Director), CDC No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation (Mar. 14, 2020) (Ex. FED-027)	In force from Mar. 14, 2020 to Dec. 31, 2020	Business closureTravel and quarantineEvents and venues
Ex. FED-311	Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Standing Order 2020-04 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-311)	In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-390	Bureau of Reclamation, Reclamation news release of Mar. 17, 2020: Hoover Dam temporarily closed to all visitors (Ex. FED-390)	In force from Mar. 17, 2020 to Oct. 22, 2020	Business closure
Ex. FED-292	Supreme Court of the United States, Order of March 19, 2020, 589 U.S. (Order List) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-292)	In force from Mar. 19, 2020 to July 19, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-099	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-099)	In force from Mar. 23, 2020 to May 1, 2023	Health care ordersCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-340	Congress (Pub. L. 116-136, signed Mar. 27, 2020), CARES Act §§ 4022-4024 (foreclosure moratorium and forbearance; multifamily forbearance; temporary moratorium on eviction filings) and § 15002 (video teleconferencing for criminal proceedings) (Mar. 27, 2020) (Ex. FED-340)	In force from Mar. 27, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. FED-295	Judicial Conference of the United States (finding of Mar. 29, 2020), announced by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on Mar. 31, 2020, Judicial Conference finding under CARES Act § 15002 that emergency conditions due to the COVID-19 national emergency will materially affect the functioning of the federal courts generally (Mar. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-295)	In force from Mar. 29, 2020 to May 10, 2023	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-335	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 75 (Mar. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-335)	In force from Mar. 30, 2020 to June 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-028	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, No Sail Order; Notice of Modification and Extension (Apr. 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-028)	In force from Apr. 15, 2020 to July 24, 2020 (issued Apr. 9, 2020)	Business closureTravel and quarantineEvents and venues
Ex. FED-288	Chief Judge Philip A. Brimmer, General Order 2020-8 (May 6, 2020) (Ex. FED-288)	In force from May 6, 2020 to July 6, 2020	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-157	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-30-NH, Nursing Home Reopening Recommendations for State and Local Officials (May 18, 2020; REVISED Mar. 10, 2021; expired Mar. 10, 2021) (Ex. FED-157)	In force from May 18, 2020 to Mar. 10, 2021	Capacity limitGathering capHealth care orders
Ex. FED-393	U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Headquarters and district commanders, USACE district closures of recreation areas, campgrounds, visitor centers and project offices (March 2020); HQ release 'Army Corps-managed campgrounds to remain closed until further notice' (April 2020); gradual reopening release of May 21, 2020 (Mar. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-393)	In force from May 21, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020 (issued Mar. 17, 2020)	Business closure
Ex. FED-302	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 20-13 (May 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-302)	In force from May 22, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-285	Chief Judge Philip S. Gutierrez, Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-078 (June 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-285)	In force from June 1, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2021	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices

123 further federal instruments were in force in this quarter and are listed in the Library's federal layer at covidproject.com/federal; this report shows the 40 most relevant to this selection.

Regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops

Continuing in force from an earlier quarter of this report (3 instruments):

Exhibit	Citation	Dates	Limitations
Ex. SEC-08-010	Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010)	In force from June 11, 2020 to June 11, 2021	Business closureCapacity limitFace-covering requirementWorkplace rules
Ex. SEC-08-040	Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040)	In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 14, 2021	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. SEC-08-015	Empire State Development, ESD Essential Business Guidance (as of June 10, 2020) (June 8, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-015)	In force from June 10, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020 (issued June 8, 2020)	Business closureWorkplace rules

Fourth quarter of 2020 (Oct. 1, 2020 to Dec. 31, 2020)

Federal layer

Ex. FED-303

Standing Order 20-17

In re: Suspension of In-Person Judicial Proceedings and Modification of Second Extension of Standing Order 2020-12, Due to the Resurgence of COVID-19

Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (Court)

Dates: In force from Nov. 25, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q42021 Q1
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT the federal court in New Jersey suspended all in-person proceedings for the winter 2020-21 resurgence; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 37 (in force on the last day)

WHEREAS, on June 25, 2020, New Jersey issued a travel advisory... [which] ballooned to 46 states and U.S. jurisdictions, as of November 17, 2020;... WHEREAS, on November 23, 2020, COVID-19-related hospitalizations in New Jersey [reached their highest level since May]... [ORDERED that all in-person judicial proceedings in the District, including criminal proceedings, are suspended]...

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 20-17 (Nov. 25, 2020) (Ex. FED-303) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-031

CDC Framework for Conditional Sailing Order

Framework for Conditional Sailing and Initial Phase COVID-19 Testing Requirements for Protection of Crew, 85 Fed. Reg. 70153 (Nov. 4, 2020)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, United States (cruise ships operating or intending to operate in U.S. waters) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Oct. 30, 2020 to Nov. 1, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Capacity limitTravel and quarantineEvents and venuesWorkplace rules
Functions reached: TV travel demand; GS group sales; CB passengers and port economies; SC; EVT (shipboard events, conventions at sea)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 63 (in force on the last day)

This Order establishes a framework for a phased approach to resuming cruise ship passenger operations in U.S. waters. This phased approach will include: (1) Establishment of laboratory testing of crew onboard cruise ships in U.S. waters; (2) simulated voyages designed to test a cruise ship operators' ability to mitigate COVID-19 onboard cruise ships; (3) a certification process; and (4) a return to passenger voyages in a manner that mitigates the risk of COVID-19 introduction, transmission, or spread among passengers and crew onboard ships and ashore to communities.... This Order is effective upon signature and shall remain in effect until the earliest of... (3) November 1, 2021.

Enforcement: 42 U.S.C. § 271; 42 C.F.R. §§ 70.18, 71.2; Coast Guard

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Framework for Conditional Sailing Order (Oct. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-031) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-339

Eighth Amended General Order 20-0012

In re: Coronavirus COVID-19 Public Emergency (Eighth Amended)

Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Court)

Dates: In force from Nov. 13, 2020 to Jan. 12, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q42021 Q1
Limitations: Gathering capCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT the winter 2020-21 re-tightening: all jury trials suspended until further order (Nov. 13, 2020); in force Dec. 31, 2020 and Jan. 1, 2021
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 49 (in force on the last day)

it is hereby ORDERED:... 2. All civil and criminal jury trials are suspended until further order of this Court.... 9. All public gatherings are suspended at both the Everett McKinley Dirksen U.S. Courthouse in Chicago and the Stanley J. Roszkowski U.S. Courthouse in Rockford...

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Eighth Amended General Order 20-0012 (Nov. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-339) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-304

Third Extension of Standing Order 20-12

In re: Court Operations Under the Exigent Circumstances Created by COVID-19 (Third Extension of Standing Order 2020-12)

Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (Court)

Dates: In force from Dec. 17, 2020 to Mar. 12, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q42021 Q1
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 15 (in force on the last day)

WHEREAS, this Court also recently entered the Extension of Standing Order 2020-17, suspending all in-person proceedings in this District, including criminal proceedings, through January 31, 2021, except as is necessary to comply with the provisions of the Coronavirus Aid, [Relief, and Economic Security Act]... [the Court extends Standing Order] 2020-12, due to expire on January 4, 2021, and issues the following: 1. The Court ORDERS that all civil and criminal jury selections and jury trials shall [be continued]... DATED: December 17, 2020

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Third Extension of Standing Order 20-12 (Dec. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-304) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-098

QSO-20-18-HHA, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention Concerning Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Home Health Agencies (HHAs)

QSO-20-18-HHA

CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, United States (Medicare and Medicaid home health agencies) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 10, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Health care orders
Functions reached: HC in-home visits (pre-visit screening); IC infection control; HR/WF staff monitoring
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

This memorandum responds to questions we have received and provides important guidance for all Medicare and Medicaid participating Home Health Agencies (HHAs) in addressing the COVID-19 outbreak and minimizing transmission to other individuals.... HHAs should be monitoring the health status of everyone (patients/residents/visitors/staff/etc.) in the homecare setting for signs or symptoms of COVID-19.... When making a home visit, HHAs should identify patients at risk for having COVID-19 infection before or immediately upon arrival to the home.

Enforcement: HHA CoP survey and certification (42 C.F.R. § 484.70)

Citation: CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-18-HHA, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention Concerning Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Home Health Agencies (HHAs) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-098) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-006

Emergency determination of March 13, 2020 under Stafford Act § 501(b) (nationwide emergency; implemented by FEMA as EM-3428 through EM-3580 series, one per State and territory, all dated March 13, 2020)

Letter from President Donald J. Trump on Emergency Determination under the Stafford Act

President Donald J. Trump (letter to the Secretaries of Homeland Security, the Treasury and HHS and the FEMA Administrator), United States (every State, Tribe, territory and the District of Columbia) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 13, 2020 to May 11, 2023
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Emergency declaration
Functions reached: predicate for every State's FEMA Public Assistance Category B measures (the funding behind State and local emergency operations)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

Therefore, as an initial step, I hereby determine, under section 501(b) of the Stafford Act, that an emergency exists nationwide. In accordance with this determination, the Federal Emergency Management Agency may provide, as appropriate, assistance pursuant to section 502 and 503 of the Stafford Act for emergency protective measures not authorized under other Federal statutes.

Enforcement: Predicate and funding instrument

Citation: President Donald J. Trump (letter to the Secretaries of Homeland Security, the Treasury and HHS and the FEMA Administrator), Emergency determination of March 13, 2020 under Stafford Act § 501(b) (nationwide emergency; implemented by FEMA as EM-3428 through EM-3580 series, one per State and territory, all dated March 13, 2020) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-006) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-202

Proclamation 9993

Suspension of Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of Certain Additional Persons Who Pose a Risk of Transmitting 2019 Novel Coronavirus (Schengen Area), 85 Fed. Reg. 15045 (Mar. 16, 2020)

President Donald J. Trump, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 13, 2020 to Jan. 26, 2021 (issued Mar. 11, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q1
Limitations: Travel and quarantine
Functions reached: TV inbound European business travel; SC European supplier visits and engineering support; MK European attendance at U.S. trade shows; CB European customers and distributors; TR outbound travel (European reciprocal bans as facts and circumstances)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

Section 1. Suspension and Limitation on Entry. The entry into the United States, as immigrants or nonimmigrants, of all aliens who were physically present within the Schengen Area during the 14-day period preceding their entry or attempted entry into the United States is hereby suspended and limited subject to section 2 of this proclamation.... Sec. 5. Effective Date. This proclamation is effective at 11:59 p.m. eastern daylight time on March 13, 2020.

Enforcement: Sec. 3 implementation by State and DHS; removal priority for circumvention

Citation: President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9993 (Mar. 11, 2020) (Ex. FED-202) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-203

Proclamation 9996

Suspension of Entry as Immigrants and Nonimmigrants of Certain Additional Persons Who Pose a Risk of Transmitting 2019 Novel Coronavirus (United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland), 85 Fed. Reg. 15341 (Mar. 18, 2020)

President Donald J. Trump, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Jan. 26, 2021 (issued Mar. 14, 2020)
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q1
Limitations: Travel and quarantine
Functions reached: TV inbound UK and Irish business travel; CB UK and Irish customers; MK trade shows
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

Section 1. Suspension and Limitation on Entry. The entry into the United States, as immigrants or nonimmigrants, of all aliens who were physically present within the United Kingdom, excluding overseas territories outside of Europe, or the Republic of Ireland during the 14-day period preceding their entry or attempted entry into the United States is hereby suspended and limited subject to section 2 of this proclamation.... Sec. 5. Effective Date. This proclamation is effective at 11:59 p.m. eastern daylight time on March 16, 2020.

Enforcement: Sec. 3 implementation by State and DHS

Citation: President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9996 (Mar. 14, 2020) (Ex. FED-203) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-367

Circular 26-20-7

Special Relief for those Potentially Impacted by COVID-19

Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Benefits Administration, Loan Guaranty Service, United States (VA-guaranteed home loans) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 1, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q1
Limitations: Other
Functions reached: ML mortgage origination (in-person appointments, appraisals); AP appraisals; SV
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

2. Veterans. If you have an in-person appointment scheduled with your lender, [servicer or appraiser, contact them about alternatives]... 3. Lenders and Servicers. Lenders should have continuity of operation plans in [place]... 4. Appraisers. Appraisers should continue to conduct business as outlined in [VA guidance while observing public health precautions]... 5. Rescission: This Circular is rescinded April 1, 2021.

Enforcement: VA program guidance to participants

Citation: Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Benefits Administration, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-20-7 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-367) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-194

Notification of Enforcement Discretion for Telehealth Remote Communications During the COVID-19 Nationwide Public Health Emergency

Notification of Enforcement Discretion for Telehealth Remote Communications During the COVID-19 Nationwide Public Health Emergency, 85 Fed. Reg. 22024 (Apr. 21, 2020)

HHS Office for Civil Rights, United States (HIPAA covered health care providers) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 17, 2020 to May 11, 2023
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Health care ordersOther
Functions reached: TM telehealth (physician practices, behavioral health, dental consultations ('dental consultation or psychological evaluation' named in the notice)); CL clinical intake moved remote; OF
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

As a matter of enforcement discretion, the HHS Office for Civil Rights (OCR) will not impose penalties for noncompliance with the regulatory requirements under the HIPAA rules against covered health care providers in connection with the good faith provision of telehealth during the COVID-19 nationwide public health emergency.... A covered health care provider that wants to use audio or video communication technology to provide telehealth to patients during the COVID-19 nationwide public health emergency can use any non-public facing remote communication product that is available to communicate with patients.... This exercise of discretion applies to telehealth provided for any reason, regardless of whether the telehealth service is related to the diagnosis and treatment of health conditions related to COVID-19.

Enforcement: Non-enforcement of HIPAA penalties for good-faith telehealth

Citation: HHS Office for Civil Rights, Notification of Enforcement Discretion for Telehealth Remote Communications During the COVID-19 Nationwide Public Health Emergency (Mar. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-194) Open the exhibit

Continuing in force from an earlier quarter of this report (30 instruments):

Exhibit	Citation	Dates	Limitations
Ex. FED-290	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290)	In force from Mar. 12, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-334	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-334)	In force from May 21, 2020 to July 1, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-333	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-6 (Sept. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-333)	In force from Sept. 16, 2020 to July 1, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-027	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (CDC Director), CDC No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation (Mar. 14, 2020) (Ex. FED-027)	In force from Mar. 14, 2020 to Dec. 31, 2020	Business closureTravel and quarantineEvents and venues
Ex. FED-311	Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Standing Order 2020-04 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-311)	In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-390	Bureau of Reclamation, Reclamation news release of Mar. 17, 2020: Hoover Dam temporarily closed to all visitors (Ex. FED-390)	In force from Mar. 17, 2020 to Oct. 22, 2020	Business closure
Ex. FED-292	Supreme Court of the United States, Order of March 19, 2020, 589 U.S. (Order List) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-292)	In force from Mar. 19, 2020 to July 19, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-099	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-099)	In force from Mar. 23, 2020 to May 1, 2023	Health care ordersCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-340	Congress (Pub. L. 116-136, signed Mar. 27, 2020), CARES Act §§ 4022-4024 (foreclosure moratorium and forbearance; multifamily forbearance; temporary moratorium on eviction filings) and § 15002 (video teleconferencing for criminal proceedings) (Mar. 27, 2020) (Ex. FED-340)	In force from Mar. 27, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. FED-295	Judicial Conference of the United States (finding of Mar. 29, 2020), announced by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on Mar. 31, 2020, Judicial Conference finding under CARES Act § 15002 that emergency conditions due to the COVID-19 national emergency will materially affect the functioning of the federal courts generally (Mar. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-295)	In force from Mar. 29, 2020 to May 10, 2023	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-335	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 75 (Mar. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-335)	In force from Mar. 30, 2020 to June 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-157	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-30-NH, Nursing Home Reopening Recommendations for State and Local Officials (May 18, 2020; REVISED Mar. 10, 2021; expired Mar. 10, 2021) (Ex. FED-157)	In force from May 18, 2020 to Mar. 10, 2021	Capacity limitGathering capHealth care orders
Ex. FED-302	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 20-13 (May 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-302)	In force from May 22, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-285	Chief Judge Philip S. Gutierrez, Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-078 (June 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-285)	In force from June 1, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2021	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-325	U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, USCIS alert of May 27, 2020: USCIS Preparing to Resume Public Services on June 4 (Ex. FED-325)	In force from June 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued May 27, 2020)	Face-covering requirementCourts and public officesWorkplace rules
Ex. FED-336	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 77 (June 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-336)	In force from June 9, 2020 to June 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-022	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (signed by the CDC Director Sept. 1, 2020), CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19 (Sept. 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-022)	In force from Sept. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued Sept. 1, 2020)	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. FED-030	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, No Sail Order; Third Modification and Extension (Sept. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-030)	In force from Sept. 30, 2020 to Oct. 31, 2020	Business closureTravel and quarantineEvents and venues
Ex. FED-289	Chief Judge G. Murray Snow, General Order 20-10 (court operations under COVID-19, March 2020) and its successors General Orders 20-11 through 20-30 (2020) and 21-11 (June 17, 2021) (Ex. FED-289)	In force from June 17, 2021 to June 17, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-287	United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, General Order No. 44 (entrance protocols; COVID-19) (Ex. FED-287)	Effective: 2020	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-010	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists Nationwide as the Result of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-010)	In force from Jan. 27, 2020 to May 11, 2023 (issued Jan. 31, 2020)	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-200	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9984 (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-200)	In force from Feb. 2, 2020 to Nov. 8, 2021 (issued Jan. 31, 2020)	Travel and quarantine
Ex. FED-180	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Declaration Under the PREP Act for Medical Countermeasures Against COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 15198 (Mar. 17, 2020; effective Feb. 4, 2020) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-180)	In force from Feb. 4, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2024 (issued Mar. 10, 2020)	Emergency declarationHealth care orders
Ex. FED-181	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination of Public Health Emergency and Declaration that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for 2019-nCoV (Feb. 4, 2020) (Ex. FED-181)	In force from Feb. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Emergency declarationHealth care orders
Ex. FED-001	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9994 (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-001)	In force from Mar. 1, 2020 to Apr. 10, 2023 (issued Mar. 13, 2020)	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-160	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, COVID-19 Emergency Declaration Blanket Waivers for Health Care Providers (consolidated document; version updated May 24, 2021) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-160)	In force from Mar. 1, 2020 to May 11, 2023 (issued Mar. 13, 2020)	Health care ordersOther
Ex. FED-182	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Emergency Use Declaration: personal respiratory protective devices (Mar. 2, 2020) (Ex. FED-182)	In force from Mar. 2, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Emergency declarationSupply chain
Ex. FED-201	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9992 (Feb. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-201)	In force from Mar. 2, 2020 to Nov. 8, 2021 (issued Feb. 29, 2020)	Travel and quarantine
Ex. FED-096	CMS, Center for Clinical Standards and Quality / Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-13-Hospitals (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-14-NH (Mar. 13, 2020), QSO-20-18-HHA (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-096)	In force from Mar. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Health care orders
Ex. FED-088	OSHA, U.S. Department of Labor, Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for COVID-19 (OSHA 3990-03 2020) (Mar. 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-088)	In force from Mar. 9, 2020 to Jan. 29, 2021	Workplace rules

120 further federal instruments were in force in this quarter and are listed in the Library's federal layer at covidproject.com/federal; this report shows the 40 most relevant to this selection.

Regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops

Continuing in force from an earlier quarter of this report (2 instruments):

Exhibit	Citation	Dates	Limitations
Ex. SEC-08-010	Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010)	In force from June 11, 2020 to June 11, 2021	Business closureCapacity limitFace-covering requirementWorkplace rules
Ex. SEC-08-040	Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040)	In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 14, 2021	Courts and public officesOther

First quarter of 2021 (Jan. 1, 2021 to Mar. 31, 2021)

Federal layer

Ex. FED-305

Standing Order 21-02

In re: Further Suspension of In-Person Judicial Proceedings and Limitations of Grand Jury Proceedings Due to COVID-19

Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 17, 2021 to June 1, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Business closureCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 15 (in force on the last day)

WHEREAS, in response to the continuing pandemic, on January 19, 2021, the Governor [of New Jersey extended the public health emergency]...; [the Court] remains in Phase Three of its Recovery Guidelines, mandating the wearing of face coverings,... [the suspension of in-person proceedings] remains in effect until March 17, 2021,... [the Court] found it necessary to continue all civil and criminal jury selections and jury trials to March 12, [2021]...

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 21-02 (Mar. 17, 2021) (Ex. FED-305) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-270

Executive Order 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 50985 (Sept. 9, 2021); Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Guidance for Federal Contractors and Subcontractors (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB determination (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB M-21-15, M-21-25 and Model Safety Principles

COVID-19 Safe Federal Workplace: Agency Model Safety Principles

Office of Management and Budget (Executive Associate Director Aviva Aron-Dine) with the Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, United States (executive branch; all federal buildings and federal lands) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Jan. 24, 2021 to June 10, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Telework mandateCapacity limitFace-covering requirementTravel and quarantineWorkplace rules
Functions reached: OF federal workplaces capped at 25 percent occupancy; CS visitors to federal buildings minimized and screened; PJ on-site contractors masked and screened; TR official travel limited to mission-critical trips; MK federal attendance at meetings and events curtailed
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 67 (in force on the last day)

agencies should immediately require masks and distancing consistent with current CDC guidance in all Federal buildings... Unless it is physically impossible or poses a threat to critical national security interests, generally speaking, occupancy in Federal workplaces should be no more than 25% of normal capacity during periods of significant or high community transmission... No Federal workplace should operate above 25% of normal occupancy standards at any given time during periods of high community prevalence or transmission.

Enforcement: EO 13991 § 2 compliance requirement for employees, on-site contractors and all persons in federal buildings; agency COVID-19 Coordination Teams

Citation: Office of Management and Budget (Executive Associate Director Aviva Aron-Dine) with the Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, Executive Order 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 50985 (Sept. 9, 2021); Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Guidance for Federal Contractors and Subcontractors (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB determination (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB M-21-15, M-21-25 and Model Safety Principles (Jan. 24, 2021) (Ex. FED-270) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-023

CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (Jan. 29, 2021)

Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions to Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19, 86 Fed. Reg. 8020 (Feb. 3, 2021)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Jan. 31, 2021 to Mar. 31, 2021 (issued Jan. 29, 2021)
Quarters: 2021 Q1
Limitations: Courts and public officesOther
Functions reached: PM; SV; CT; CB tenants
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 60 (in force on the last day)

This Order is effective January 31, 2021 through March 31, 2021.... [extends] an Order under Section 361 of the Public Health Service Act... through March 31, 2021.

Enforcement: same as FED-022

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (Jan. 29, 2021) (Ex. FED-023) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-296

Tenth Amended General Order 20-0012

In re: Coronavirus COVID-19 Public Emergency (Tenth Amended)

Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Chicago, Rockford) (Court)

Dates: In force from Feb. 12, 2021 to Apr. 5, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Gathering capCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT Chicago's federal court: no jury trials Mar. 17, 2020 - Apr. 5, 2021, in ten successive orders; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 48 (in force on the last day)

it is hereby ORDERED:... 2. All civil and criminal jury trials are suspended until April 5, 2021.... 9. All public gatherings are suspended at both the Everett McKinley Dirksen U.S. Courthouse in Chicago and the Stanley J. Roszkowski U.S. Courthouse in Rockford...

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Tenth Amended General Order 20-0012 (Feb. 12, 2021) (Ex. FED-296) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-306

Standing Order 21-04

In re: Court Operations Under the Exigent Circumstances Created by COVID-19 (jury trials and grand juries)

Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (Court)

Dates: In force from Mar. 11, 2021 to June 1, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q12021 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT no jury trials in the District of New Jersey from March 2020 to June 1, 2021
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 21 (in force on the last day)

WHEREAS, this Court also recently entered the Extension of Standing Order 2021-02, suspending all in-person proceedings in this District, including criminal proceedings, through June 1, 2021... 1. The Court ORDERS that all civil and criminal jury selections and jury trials shall be continued to June 1, 2021. The Court may issue further Orders or Extensions concerning future general continuances of any matters as may be deemed necessary and appropriate.

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 21-04 (Mar. 11, 2021) (Ex. FED-306) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-008

Memorandum of February 2, 2021

Maximizing Assistance From the Federal Emergency Management Agency To Respond to COVID-19, 86 Fed. Reg. 8281 (Feb. 5, 2021)

President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. (memorandum to the Secretary of Homeland Security and the FEMA Administrator), United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Jan. 20, 2020 to Aug. 17, 2021 (issued Feb. 2, 2021)
Quarters: 2021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Emergency declaration
Functions reached: predicate
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 90 (the whole quarter)

FEMA shall provide a 100 percent Federal cost share for all work eligible for assistance under Public Assistance Category B, pursuant to sections 403 (42 U.S.C. 5170b), 502 (42 U.S.C. 5192), and 503 (42 U.S.C. 5193) of the Stafford Act... performed from January 21, 2021, through September 30, 2021. (b) FEMA shall provide a 100 percent Federal cost share for all work eligible for assistance under Public Assistance Category B... performed from January 20, 2020, through January 20, 2021.

Enforcement: Funding directive

Citation: President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. (memorandum to the Secretary of Homeland Security and the FEMA Administrator), Memorandum of February 2, 2021 (Feb. 2, 2021) (Ex. FED-008) Open the exhibit

Continuing in force from an earlier quarter of this report (34 instruments):

Exhibit	Citation	Dates	Limitations
Ex. FED-290	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290)	In force from Mar. 12, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-334	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-334)	In force from May 21, 2020 to July 1, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-333	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-6 (Sept. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-333)	In force from Sept. 16, 2020 to July 1, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-303	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 20-17 (Nov. 25, 2020) (Ex. FED-303)	In force from Nov. 25, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-311	Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Standing Order 2020-04 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-311)	In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-292	Supreme Court of the United States, Order of March 19, 2020, 589 U.S. (Order List) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-292)	In force from Mar. 19, 2020 to July 19, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-099	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-099)	In force from Mar. 23, 2020 to May 1, 2023	Health care ordersCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-340	Congress (Pub. L. 116-136, signed Mar. 27, 2020), CARES Act §§ 4022-4024 (foreclosure moratorium and forbearance; multifamily forbearance; temporary moratorium on eviction filings) and § 15002 (video teleconferencing for criminal proceedings) (Mar. 27, 2020) (Ex. FED-340)	In force from Mar. 27, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. FED-295	Judicial Conference of the United States (finding of Mar. 29, 2020), announced by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on Mar. 31, 2020, Judicial Conference finding under CARES Act § 15002 that emergency conditions due to the COVID-19 national emergency will materially affect the functioning of the federal courts generally (Mar. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-295)	In force from Mar. 29, 2020 to May 10, 2023	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-335	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 75 (Mar. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-335)	In force from Mar. 30, 2020 to June 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-157	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-30-NH, Nursing Home Reopening Recommendations for State and Local Officials (May 18, 2020; REVISED Mar. 10, 2021; expired Mar. 10, 2021) (Ex. FED-157)	In force from May 18, 2020 to Mar. 10, 2021	Capacity limitGathering capHealth care orders
Ex. FED-302	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 20-13 (May 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-302)	In force from May 22, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-285	Chief Judge Philip S. Gutierrez, Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-078 (June 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-285)	In force from June 1, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2021	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-325	U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, USCIS alert of May 27, 2020: USCIS Preparing to Resume Public Services on June 4 (Ex. FED-325)	In force from June 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued May 27, 2020)	Face-covering requirementCourts and public officesWorkplace rules
Ex. FED-336	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 77 (June 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-336)	In force from June 9, 2020 to June 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-022	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (signed by the CDC Director Sept. 1, 2020), CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19 (Sept. 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-022)	In force from Sept. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued Sept. 1, 2020)	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. FED-031	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Framework for Conditional Sailing Order (Oct. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-031)	In force from Oct. 30, 2020 to Nov. 1, 2021	Capacity limitTravel and quarantineEvents and venuesWorkplace rules
Ex. FED-339	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Eighth Amended General Order 20-0012 (Nov. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-339)	In force from Nov. 13, 2020 to Jan. 12, 2021	Gathering capCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-304	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Third Extension of Standing Order 20-12 (Dec. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-304)	In force from Dec. 17, 2020 to Mar. 12, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-289	Chief Judge G. Murray Snow, General Order 20-10 (court operations under COVID-19, March 2020) and its successors General Orders 20-11 through 20-30 (2020) and 21-11 (June 17, 2021) (Ex. FED-289)	In force from June 17, 2021 to June 17, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-287	United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, General Order No. 44 (entrance protocols; COVID-19) (Ex. FED-287)	Effective: 2020	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-010	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists Nationwide as the Result of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-010)	In force from Jan. 27, 2020 to May 11, 2023 (issued Jan. 31, 2020)	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-200	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9984 (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-200)	In force from Feb. 2, 2020 to Nov. 8, 2021 (issued Jan. 31, 2020)	Travel and quarantine
Ex. FED-180	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Declaration Under the PREP Act for Medical Countermeasures Against COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 15198 (Mar. 17, 2020; effective Feb. 4, 2020) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-180)	In force from Feb. 4, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2024 (issued Mar. 10, 2020)	Emergency declarationHealth care orders
Ex. FED-181	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination of Public Health Emergency and Declaration that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for 2019-nCoV (Feb. 4, 2020) (Ex. FED-181)	In force from Feb. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Emergency declarationHealth care orders
Ex. FED-001	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9994 (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-001)	In force from Mar. 1, 2020 to Apr. 10, 2023 (issued Mar. 13, 2020)	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-160	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, COVID-19 Emergency Declaration Blanket Waivers for Health Care Providers (consolidated document; version updated May 24, 2021) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-160)	In force from Mar. 1, 2020 to May 11, 2023 (issued Mar. 13, 2020)	Health care ordersOther
Ex. FED-182	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Emergency Use Declaration: personal respiratory protective devices (Mar. 2, 2020) (Ex. FED-182)	In force from Mar. 2, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Emergency declarationSupply chain
Ex. FED-201	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9992 (Feb. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-201)	In force from Mar. 2, 2020 to Nov. 8, 2021 (issued Feb. 29, 2020)	Travel and quarantine
Ex. FED-096	CMS, Center for Clinical Standards and Quality / Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-13-Hospitals (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-14-NH (Mar. 13, 2020), QSO-20-18-HHA (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-096)	In force from Mar. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Health care orders
Ex. FED-098	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-18-HHA, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention Concerning Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Home Health Agencies (HHAs) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-098)	In force from Mar. 10, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Health care orders
Ex. FED-006	President Donald J. Trump (letter to the Secretaries of Homeland Security, the Treasury and HHS and the FEMA Administrator), Emergency determination of March 13, 2020 under Stafford Act § 501(b) (nationwide emergency; implemented by FEMA as EM-3428 through EM-3580 series, one per State and territory, all dated March 13, 2020) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-006)	In force from Mar. 13, 2020 to May 11, 2023	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-202	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9993 (Mar. 11, 2020) (Ex. FED-202)	In force from Mar. 13, 2020 to Jan. 26, 2021 (issued Mar. 11, 2020)	Travel and quarantine
Ex. FED-203	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9996 (Mar. 14, 2020) (Ex. FED-203)	In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Jan. 26, 2021 (issued Mar. 14, 2020)	Travel and quarantine

135 further federal instruments were in force in this quarter and are listed in the Library's federal layer at covidproject.com/federal; this report shows the 40 most relevant to this selection.

Regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops

Ex. SEC-08-021

EO 14017, America's Supply Chains

Executive Order 14017 of February 24, 2021, America's Supply Chains

President Biden, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Feb. 24, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Supply chainOther
Functions reached: SC
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 36 (in force on the last day)

Directs a 100-day report 'identifying risks in the semiconductor manufacturing and advanced packaging supply chains'

Enforcement: None as to private parties

Citation: President Biden, EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-021) Open the exhibit

Continuing in force from an earlier quarter of this report (2 instruments):

Exhibit	Citation	Dates	Limitations
Ex. SEC-08-010	Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010)	In force from June 11, 2020 to June 11, 2021	Business closureCapacity limitFace-covering requirementWorkplace rules
Ex. SEC-08-040	Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040)	In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 14, 2021	Courts and public officesOther

Second quarter of 2021 (Apr. 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021)

Federal layer

Ex. FED-024

CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (Mar. 29, 2021)

Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19, 86 Fed. Reg. 16731 (Mar. 31, 2021)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Apr. 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021 (issued Mar. 29, 2021)
Quarters: 2021 Q2
Limitations: Courts and public officesOther
Functions reached: PM; SV; CT; CB tenants
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 91 (the whole quarter)

[extends the] Moratoria until June 30, 2021... 2021 through June 30, 2021.

Enforcement: same as FED-022

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (Mar. 29, 2021) (Ex. FED-024) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-032

Notice: Conditional Sailing Order Technical Instructions and Operations Manual

Conditional Sailing Order Technical Instructions and Operations Manual, 86 Fed. Reg. 24865 (May 10, 2021)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from May 5, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Capacity limitTravel and quarantineWorkplace rulesVaccination or testing
Functions reached: TV; GS; CB; SC
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 57 (in force on the last day)

[notice of the technical instructions implementing the CSO's phases: port agreements, simulated voyages, COVID-19 Conditional Sailing Certificates, testing and vaccination thresholds for restricted revenue voyages]

Enforcement: as for FED-031

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, Notice: Conditional Sailing Order Technical Instructions and Operations Manual (May 5, 2021) (Ex. FED-032) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-297

Amended General Order 21-0006 (May 26, 2021)

In re: Plan for the Safe Resumption of Jury Trials and Court Operations (Amended May 26, 2021)

Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer (Executive Committee), United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Court)

Dates: In force from May 26, 2021 to Sept. 15, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public officesWorkplace rulesVaccination or testing
Functions reached: CT jury trials resumed under a written plan with testing and vaccination conditions; in force July 1 - Sept. 15, 2021; HR federal courthouse workforce vaccination-or-testing condition (a Q3 2021 VAX instrument)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 36 (in force on the last day)

On February 17, 2021, General Order 21-0006 was entered by the Court to address [the resumption of jury trials]... It is, therefore, hereby ORDERED:... 2. Because the testing protocol will be fully effective only if all employees participate, it is also hereby ORDERED that all employees, contractors, and staff of all agencies and court units at the Dirksen and Roszkowski Courthouses participate in this program. Specifically, all employees who report to work at either of these Courthouses will be vaccinated, as defined by the CDC [or tested]...

Enforcement: court order to all court units and agencies in the courthouses

Citation: Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer (Executive Committee), Amended General Order 21-0006 (May 26, 2021) (Ex. FED-297) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-080

Occupational Exposure to COVID-19; Emergency Temporary Standard, 29 C.F.R. 1910.502, 86 Fed. Reg. 32376 (June 21, 2021)

Occupational Exposure to COVID-19; Emergency Temporary Standard, 86 Fed. Reg. 32376 (June 21, 2021)

Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, United States (every setting 'where any employee provides healthcare services or healthcare support services'; federal OSHA States directly, State-plan States through adoption within 30 days) (Federal)

Dates: In force from June 21, 2021 to Dec. 27, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Capacity limitFace-covering requirementHealth care ordersWorkplace rulesVaccination or testingQuarantine and isolation
Functions reached: IC infection control (hospitals, physician practices, dental, home care); ED/CL intake and waiting rooms (entry limits, screening, triage); SX/PR procedures (aerosol-generating procedure rules, § 1910.502(g)); VS visitation and access (non-employee screening); HR/WF (daily employee screening; medical removal; paid vaccination leave); OF administration (written plan, safety coordinator, recordkeeping); SC PPE (respirators for exposure to suspected or confirmed COVID-19)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 10 (in force on the last day)

§ 1910.502(a)(1): 'Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph, this section applies to all settings where any employee provides healthcare services or healthcare support services.' (a)(2): 'This section does not apply to the following: (i) The provision of first aid by an employee who is not a licensed healthcare provider; (ii) The dispensing of prescriptions by pharmacists in retail settings; (iii) Non-hospital ambulatory care settings where all non-employees are screened prior to entry and people with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 are not permitted to enter those settings; (iv) Well-defined hospital ambulatory care settings where all employees are fully vaccinated and all non-employees are screened prior to entry and people with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 are not permitted to enter those settings; (v) Home healthcare settings where all employees are fully vaccinated and all…

Enforcement: Citations and civil penalties under OSH Act §§ 9, 17 (29 U.S.C. §§ 658, 666); inspection procedures DIR 2021-02 (FED-081); § 11(c) and § 1910.502(o) anti-retaliation

Citation: Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Exposure to COVID-19; Emergency Temporary Standard, 29 C.F.R. 1910.502, 86 Fed. Reg. 32376 (June 21, 2021) (Ex. FED-080) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-301

Fifth Amended General Order 20-0022

In re: Criminal Case Procedures During COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (Fifth Amended)

Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Court)

Dates: In force from June 21, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT criminal proceedings by video through all of 2021 Q3
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 10 (in force on the last day)

[the authorization of video and] teleconferencing in criminal cases will remain in effect until October 4, 2021, unless terminated earlier. If emergency conditions continue to exist on October 4, 2021, [the Court will consider a further extension]... Date: June 21, 2021

Enforcement: court order under CARES Act § 15002

Citation: Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Fifth Amended General Order 20-0022 (June 21, 2021) (Ex. FED-301) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-070

Executive Order 13909

Prioritizing and Allocating Health and Medical Resources to Respond to the Spread of COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 16227 (Mar. 23, 2020)

President Donald J. Trump, United States (all health and medical resources needed to respond to COVID-19) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 18, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Supply chain
Functions reached: SC supply of PPE, respirators, ventilators and testing supplies to every industry (dental, physician practices, hospitals, home care, manufacturing, construction, personal services); DS distribution of medical products (wholesale-distribution); PF production floors of medical manufacturers under rated orders
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 91 (the whole quarter)

Accordingly, I find that health and medical resources needed to respond to the spread of COVID-19, including personal protective equipment and ventilators, meet the criteria specified in section 101(b) of the Act (50 U.S.C. 4511(b)).... Sec. 2. Priorities and Allocation of Medical Resources. (a)... the authority of the President conferred by section 101 of the Act to require performance of contracts or orders (other than contracts of employment) to promote the national defense over performance of any other contracts or orders, to allocate materials, services, and facilities as deemed necessary or appropriate to promote the national defense... is delegated to the Secretary of Health and Human Services with respect to all health and medical resources needed to respond to the spread of COVID-19 within the United States. (b) The Secretary of Health and Human Services may use the authority…

Enforcement: DPA § 101 priority ratings and allocation orders; DPA § 103 (50 U.S.C. § 4513) criminal penalties for willful violation

Citation: President Donald J. Trump, Executive Order 13909 (Mar. 18, 2020) (Ex. FED-070) Open the exhibit

Continuing in force from an earlier quarter of this report (34 instruments):

Exhibit	Citation	Dates	Limitations
Ex. FED-290	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290)	In force from Mar. 12, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-334	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-334)	In force from May 21, 2020 to July 1, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-333	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-6 (Sept. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-333)	In force from Sept. 16, 2020 to July 1, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-305	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 21-02 (Mar. 17, 2021) (Ex. FED-305)	In force from Mar. 17, 2021 to June 1, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-311	Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Standing Order 2020-04 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-311)	In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-292	Supreme Court of the United States, Order of March 19, 2020, 589 U.S. (Order List) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-292)	In force from Mar. 19, 2020 to July 19, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-099	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-099)	In force from Mar. 23, 2020 to May 1, 2023	Health care ordersCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-340	Congress (Pub. L. 116-136, signed Mar. 27, 2020), CARES Act §§ 4022-4024 (foreclosure moratorium and forbearance; multifamily forbearance; temporary moratorium on eviction filings) and § 15002 (video teleconferencing for criminal proceedings) (Mar. 27, 2020) (Ex. FED-340)	In force from Mar. 27, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. FED-295	Judicial Conference of the United States (finding of Mar. 29, 2020), announced by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on Mar. 31, 2020, Judicial Conference finding under CARES Act § 15002 that emergency conditions due to the COVID-19 national emergency will materially affect the functioning of the federal courts generally (Mar. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-295)	In force from Mar. 29, 2020 to May 10, 2023	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-335	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 75 (Mar. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-335)	In force from Mar. 30, 2020 to June 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-302	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 20-13 (May 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-302)	In force from May 22, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-285	Chief Judge Philip S. Gutierrez, Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-078 (June 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-285)	In force from June 1, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2021	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-325	U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, USCIS alert of May 27, 2020: USCIS Preparing to Resume Public Services on June 4 (Ex. FED-325)	In force from June 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued May 27, 2020)	Face-covering requirementCourts and public officesWorkplace rules
Ex. FED-336	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 77 (June 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-336)	In force from June 9, 2020 to June 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-022	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (signed by the CDC Director Sept. 1, 2020), CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19 (Sept. 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-022)	In force from Sept. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued Sept. 1, 2020)	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. FED-031	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Framework for Conditional Sailing Order (Oct. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-031)	In force from Oct. 30, 2020 to Nov. 1, 2021	Capacity limitTravel and quarantineEvents and venuesWorkplace rules
Ex. FED-270	Office of Management and Budget (Executive Associate Director Aviva Aron-Dine) with the Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, Executive Order 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 50985 (Sept. 9, 2021); Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Guidance for Federal Contractors and Subcontractors (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB determination (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB M-21-15, M-21-25 and Model Safety Principles (Jan. 24, 2021) (Ex. FED-270)	In force from Jan. 24, 2021 to June 10, 2021	Telework mandateCapacity limitFace-covering requirementTravel and quarantineWorkplace rules
Ex. FED-296	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Tenth Amended General Order 20-0012 (Feb. 12, 2021) (Ex. FED-296)	In force from Feb. 12, 2021 to Apr. 5, 2021	Gathering capCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-306	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 21-04 (Mar. 11, 2021) (Ex. FED-306)	In force from Mar. 11, 2021 to June 1, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-289	Chief Judge G. Murray Snow, General Order 20-10 (court operations under COVID-19, March 2020) and its successors General Orders 20-11 through 20-30 (2020) and 21-11 (June 17, 2021) (Ex. FED-289)	In force from June 17, 2021 to June 17, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-287	United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, General Order No. 44 (entrance protocols; COVID-19) (Ex. FED-287)	Effective: 2020	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-008	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. (memorandum to the Secretary of Homeland Security and the FEMA Administrator), Memorandum of February 2, 2021 (Feb. 2, 2021) (Ex. FED-008)	In force from Jan. 20, 2020 to Aug. 17, 2021 (issued Feb. 2, 2021)	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-010	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists Nationwide as the Result of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-010)	In force from Jan. 27, 2020 to May 11, 2023 (issued Jan. 31, 2020)	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-200	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9984 (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-200)	In force from Feb. 2, 2020 to Nov. 8, 2021 (issued Jan. 31, 2020)	Travel and quarantine
Ex. FED-180	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Declaration Under the PREP Act for Medical Countermeasures Against COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 15198 (Mar. 17, 2020; effective Feb. 4, 2020) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-180)	In force from Feb. 4, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2024 (issued Mar. 10, 2020)	Emergency declarationHealth care orders
Ex. FED-181	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination of Public Health Emergency and Declaration that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for 2019-nCoV (Feb. 4, 2020) (Ex. FED-181)	In force from Feb. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Emergency declarationHealth care orders
Ex. FED-001	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9994 (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-001)	In force from Mar. 1, 2020 to Apr. 10, 2023 (issued Mar. 13, 2020)	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-160	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, COVID-19 Emergency Declaration Blanket Waivers for Health Care Providers (consolidated document; version updated May 24, 2021) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-160)	In force from Mar. 1, 2020 to May 11, 2023 (issued Mar. 13, 2020)	Health care ordersOther
Ex. FED-182	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Emergency Use Declaration: personal respiratory protective devices (Mar. 2, 2020) (Ex. FED-182)	In force from Mar. 2, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Emergency declarationSupply chain
Ex. FED-201	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9992 (Feb. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-201)	In force from Mar. 2, 2020 to Nov. 8, 2021 (issued Feb. 29, 2020)	Travel and quarantine
Ex. FED-096	CMS, Center for Clinical Standards and Quality / Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-13-Hospitals (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-14-NH (Mar. 13, 2020), QSO-20-18-HHA (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-096)	In force from Mar. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Health care orders
Ex. FED-098	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-18-HHA, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention Concerning Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Home Health Agencies (HHAs) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-098)	In force from Mar. 10, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Health care orders
Ex. FED-006	President Donald J. Trump (letter to the Secretaries of Homeland Security, the Treasury and HHS and the FEMA Administrator), Emergency determination of March 13, 2020 under Stafford Act § 501(b) (nationwide emergency; implemented by FEMA as EM-3428 through EM-3580 series, one per State and territory, all dated March 13, 2020) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-006)	In force from Mar. 13, 2020 to May 11, 2023	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-194	HHS Office for Civil Rights, Notification of Enforcement Discretion for Telehealth Remote Communications During the COVID-19 Nationwide Public Health Emergency (Mar. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-194)	In force from Mar. 17, 2020 to May 11, 2023	Health care ordersOther

125 further federal instruments were in force in this quarter and are listed in the Library's federal layer at covidproject.com/federal; this report shows the 40 most relevant to this selection.

Regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops

Continuing in force from an earlier quarter of this report (3 instruments):

Exhibit	Citation	Dates	Limitations
Ex. SEC-08-010	Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010)	In force from June 11, 2020 to June 11, 2021	Business closureCapacity limitFace-covering requirementWorkplace rules
Ex. SEC-08-040	Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040)	In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 14, 2021	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. SEC-08-021	President Biden, EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-021)	In force from Feb. 24, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021	Supply chainOther

Third quarter of 2021 (July 1, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021)

Federal layer

Ex. FED-307

Updated Amended Standing Order 21-04

In re: Court Operations Under the Exigent Circumstances Created by COVID-19 (Updated Amended, Sept. 3, 2021)

Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (Court)

Dates: In force from Sept. 3, 2021 to Dec. 29, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Capacity limitFace-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT jury selections capped at one per vicinage; masks for all entrants regardless of vaccination status; temperature screening (Sept. 2021); CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 28 (in force on the last day)

[WHEREAS the Delta] and other variants, and on July 27, 2021, the CDC recommended that all persons, including those fully vaccinated against COVID-19, wear a mask in public indoor settings, in areas of [substantial or high transmission]... [the Court has required] full vaccination of its employees, while continuing its protocols of temperature screening and hand sanitizing by all entrants to the District's courthouses, and mask wearing in all public areas of Court facilities by entrants and occupants thereof, regardless of vaccination status;... 1. No more than one jury selection, either civil or criminal, shall occur in each vicinage of this Court at one time... 2. Multiple, simultaneous jury trials may be conducted in each of this Court's vicinages, but the number of simultaneous criminal jury trials involving detainees in each [vicinage is limited]... DATED: September 3, 2021

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Updated Amended Standing Order 21-04 (Sept. 3, 2021) (Ex. FED-307) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-025

CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (June 24, 2021)

Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19, 86 Fed. Reg. 34010 (June 28, 2021)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from July 1, 2021 to July 31, 2021 (issued June 24, 2021)
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public officesOther
Functions reached: PM; SV; CT; CB tenants
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 31 (in force on the first day)

[extended] until July 31, 2021, for the reasons [stated]... Any evictions for nonpayment of rent [of covered persons remain halted].

Enforcement: same as FED-022

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (June 24, 2021) (Ex. FED-025) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-313

Amended Standing Order 2021-07

In re: Court Operations Under the Exigent Circumstances Created by COVID-19 (Amended; Phase Three relaxations effective July 1, 2021)

Chief Judge James K. Bredar, United States District Court for the District of Maryland (Court)

Dates: In force from July 1, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued June 23, 2021)
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public offices
Functions reached: CT courthouse entry restrictions and spectator limits continuing from July 1, 2021
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

On May 26, 2021, the Court modified Phase Three of its Recovery Plan to relax some of [its restrictions]... [the State of Maryland ended its state of] emergency, effective July 1, 2021. Moreover, local jurisdictions have eliminated indoor mask mandates or will do so by July 1, 2021.... [the Court finds that] vaccination rates, and other relevant criteria warrant additional relaxation of pandemic mitigative restrictions to reflect these improving factors, effective July 1, 2021. It is ORDERED that the following persons shall not enter any U.S. Courthouse or U.S. [Probation Office: persons with COVID-19 symptoms, diagnosis or exposure]... Spectators will not be permitted into the courtroom during individual voir dire examination of prospective jurors and other in camera proceedings.

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Amended Standing Order 2021-07 (June 23, 2021) (Ex. FED-313) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-337

General Order 78

In re: Update to Court Operations in Light of California's Reopening

Chief Judge Richard Seeborg, United States District Court for the Northern District of California (Court)

Dates: In force from July 1, 2021 to Oct. 15, 2021 (issued June 23, 2021)
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public officesWorkplace rules
Functions reached: CT the N.D. Cal. Q3 2021 instrument: general-access restrictions abrogated July 1, 2021, but safety protocols, remote criminal proceedings and suspended paper requirements continued
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

WHEREAS, effective June 15, 2021, the State of California reopened its economy with limited [restrictions]... General Order No. 73 (Continuing Temporary Restrictions on Courthouse Access due to COVID-19 [and the General Order 72 series]) are abrogated, effective July 1, 2021. The Court additionally ORDERS as follows, effective July 1, 2021: Courthouse Access: 1. All courthouse visitors must follow any safety protocols announced on the Court's website... [initial appearances and detention hearings to proceed by] telephone or by videoconference until further order of the Court. New arrestees shall be booked [remotely]... 3. Other court appearances may be waived or postponed, or may be conducted by telephone or [videoconference]... [courtesy-copy requirements] remain suspended until further notice.

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Richard Seeborg, General Order 78 (June 23, 2021) (Ex. FED-337) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-299

Third Amended Order Concerning Face Masks/Coverings in Public Areas of Courthouses

In re: Coronavirus COVID-19 Public Emergency - Order Concerning Face Masks/Coverings in Public Areas of Courthouses (Third Amended, July 30, 2021)

Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Court)

Dates: In force from July 30, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Functions reached: CT; CS
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 63 (in force on the last day)

In response to revised CDC guidance, the court hereby amends its order regarding face coverings as follows. Mask Requirements: When required, as set forth in this order, a face covering or mask must always completely [cover the nose and mouth]... A visitor who seeks entry into the courthouse without a mask will be offered a free disposable mask at the security [screening station].

Enforcement: court order; court security officers

Citation: Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Third Amended Order Concerning Face Masks/Coverings in Public Areas of Courthouses (July 30, 2021) (Ex. FED-299) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-026

CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions in Communities With Substantial or High Transmission of COVID-19

Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions in Communities With Substantial or High Transmission of COVID-19 To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19, 86 Fed. Reg. 43244 (Aug. 6, 2021)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, United States (every county or territory experiencing substantial or high community transmission) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Aug. 3, 2021 to Oct. 3, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public officesOther
Functions reached: PM; SV; CT; CB tenants
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 59 (in force on the last day)

a landlord, owner of a residential property, or other person with a legal right to pursue eviction or possessory action, shall not evict any covered person from any residential property in any county or U.S. territory while the county or territory is experiencing substantial or high levels of community transmission of SARS-CoV-2.... This Order will expire on October 3, 2021, but is subject to further extension, modification, or rescission based on public health circumstances.

Enforcement: same as FED-022

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions in Communities With Substantial or High Transmission of COVID-19 (Aug. 3, 2021) (Ex. FED-026) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-344

Protections for Borrowers Affected by the COVID-19 Emergency Under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA), Regulation X (final rule), 86 Fed. Reg. 34848 (June 30, 2021)

Protections for Borrowers Affected by the COVID-19 Emergency Under RESPA, Regulation X

Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, United States (mortgage servicers) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Aug. 31, 2021 to Dec. 31, 2021 (issued June 25, 2021)
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public officesOther
Functions reached: SV foreclosure referrals barred absent the procedural safeguards from Aug. 31 through Dec. 31, 2021 (a Q3 2021 instrument); ML
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 31 (in force on the last day)

SUMMARY: The Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (Bureau) is issuing this final rule to amend Regulation X to assist mortgage borrowers affected by the COVID-19 emergency. The final rule establishes temporary procedural safeguards to help ensure that borrowers have a meaningful opportunity to be reviewed for loss mitigation before the servicer can make the first notice or filing required for foreclosure on certain mortgages. In addition, the final rule would temporarily permit mortgage servicers to offer certain loan modifications made available to borrowers experiencing a COVID-19-related hardship based on the evaluation of an incomplete application.... DATES: This final rule is effective on August 31, 2021.

Enforcement: Regulation X; CFPB supervision and enforcement; private right of action under RESPA § 6(f)

Citation: Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, Protections for Borrowers Affected by the COVID-19 Emergency Under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA), Regulation X (final rule), 86 Fed. Reg. 34848 (June 30, 2021) (June 25, 2021) (Ex. FED-344) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-308

Standing Order 21-08

In re: COVID-19 Vaccination and Testing Requirements of Visitors to Court Facilities and of Federal Detainees in the District of New Jersey

Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (Court)

Dates: In force from Sept. 13, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Courts and public officesVaccination or testing
Functions reached: CT courthouse entry conditioned on vaccination proof or testing from Sept. 13, 2021; CS attorneys, witnesses, vendors
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 18 (in force on the last day)

The CDC's guidance, on July 27, 2021, advising all persons, including those fully vaccinated, to wear a mask in public indoor settings, in areas of substantial or high [transmission];... President Biden's announcement, on August 6, 2021, of testing and other requirements of Executive Branch employees and onsite federal contractors who are not fully vaccinated;... The mandate, on August 23, 2021, by New Jersey Governor, Phil Murphy, that all state [employees and workers in certain settings] be fully vaccinated by October 18, 2021, or submit to regular COVID-19 testing;... President Biden's Executive Order of September 9, 2021, removing the testing option [for federal employees]... [ORDERED that visitors to court facilities provide proof of full vaccination or a negative COVID-19 test]...

Enforcement: court order; court security officers

Citation: Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 21-08 (Sept. 13, 2021) (Ex. FED-308) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-298

Amended General Order 21-0006 (Sept. 15, 2021)

In re: Amended Plan for the Safe Resumption of Jury Trials and Court Operations

Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer (Executive Committee), United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Court)

Dates: In force from Sept. 20, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued Sept. 15, 2021)
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Face-covering requirementCourts and public officesVaccination or testing
Functions reached: CT; HR
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 11 (in force on the last day)

Due to the continued significant health risks generated by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Court has been required to restrict certain aspects of its operations, such as jury trials.... This Amended General Order supersedes the February 17, 2021 General Order in its entirety. It is, therefore, hereby ORDERED that effective Monday, September 20, 2021:... 4. Any individual whose participation in the courtroom during a jury trial will exceed two [hours must be vaccinated or tested]... 8. This Order does not supersede the requirement to wear a face mask within the Courthouse.

Enforcement: court order

Citation: Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer (Executive Committee), Amended General Order 21-0006 (Sept. 15, 2021) (Ex. FED-298) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-034

CDC Order Suspending Introduction of Certain Persons From Countries Where a Communicable Disease Exists (the 'Title 42 order')

Notice of Order Under Sections 362 and 365 of the Public Health Service Act Suspending Introduction of Certain Persons From Countries Where a Communicable Disease Exists, 85 Fed. Reg. 17060 (Mar. 26, 2020)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (CDC Director), United States land borders with Canada and Mexico (ports of entry and Border Patrol stations) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 20, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Travel and quarantine
Functions reached: TR/TRAV cross-border movement of persons at the land borders (with the DHS land-border notices, FED-B); WF border-region labor markets; CB border-community commerce
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

For simplicity, I shall refer to the persons covered by this order as 'covered aliens.' I suspend the introduction of all covered aliens into the United States for a period of 30 days, starting from the date of this order. I may extend this order if necessary to protect the public health.

Enforcement: 42 U.S.C. § 271; implemented by DHS/CBP expulsions

Citation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (CDC Director), CDC Order Suspending Introduction of Certain Persons From Countries Where a Communicable Disease Exists (the 'Title 42 order') (Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-034) Open the exhibit

Ex. FED-132

FEMA-4480-DR, Major Disaster Declaration for New York (COVID-19 Pandemic)

New York; Major Disaster and Related Determinations, 85 Fed. Reg. 20702 (Apr. 14, 2020)

President Donald J. Trump (major disaster declaration); Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS (notice), United States (New York) (Federal)

Dates: In force from Mar. 20, 2020 to May 11, 2023
Quarters: 2020 Q22020 Q32020 Q42021 Q12021 Q22021 Q3
Limitations: Emergency declaration
Functions reached: predicate for the State layer (funds the emergency protective measures State and local orders required)
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 92 (the whole quarter)

I have determined that the emergency conditions in [New York] resulting from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic beginning on January 20, 2020, and continuing, are of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant a major disaster declaration under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, 42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq. (the 'Stafford Act'). Therefore, I declare that such a major disaster exists in [New York].... You are authorized to provide assistance for emergency protective measures (Category B), including direct Federal assistance, under the Public Assistance program [statewide]. (Standard text of the COVID-19 major disaster letters as published by FEMA; the State name and any Individual Assistance or Hazard Mitigation authorizations vary; quote from the exhibit.)

Enforcement: Predicate and funding instrument; Public Assistance Category B at 75 percent, raised to 100 percent federal share for work from January 20, 2020 (FED-007 to FED-009, FED-151)

Citation: President Donald J. Trump (major disaster declaration); Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS (notice), FEMA-4480-DR, Major Disaster Declaration for New York (COVID-19 Pandemic) (Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-132) Open the exhibit

Continuing in force from an earlier quarter of this report (29 instruments):

Exhibit	Citation	Dates	Limitations
Ex. FED-290	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290)	In force from Mar. 12, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Business closureCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-311	Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Standing Order 2020-04 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-311)	In force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-292	Supreme Court of the United States, Order of March 19, 2020, 589 U.S. (Order List) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-292)	In force from Mar. 19, 2020 to July 19, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-099	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-099)	In force from Mar. 23, 2020 to May 1, 2023	Health care ordersCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-340	Congress (Pub. L. 116-136, signed Mar. 27, 2020), CARES Act §§ 4022-4024 (foreclosure moratorium and forbearance; multifamily forbearance; temporary moratorium on eviction filings) and § 15002 (video teleconferencing for criminal proceedings) (Mar. 27, 2020) (Ex. FED-340)	In force from Mar. 27, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. FED-295	Judicial Conference of the United States (finding of Mar. 29, 2020), announced by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on Mar. 31, 2020, Judicial Conference finding under CARES Act § 15002 that emergency conditions due to the COVID-19 national emergency will materially affect the functioning of the federal courts generally (Mar. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-295)	In force from Mar. 29, 2020 to May 10, 2023	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-302	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 20-13 (May 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-302)	In force from May 22, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-285	Chief Judge Philip S. Gutierrez, Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-078 (June 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-285)	In force from June 1, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2021	Face-covering requirementCourts and public offices
Ex. FED-325	U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, USCIS alert of May 27, 2020: USCIS Preparing to Resume Public Services on June 4 (Ex. FED-325)	In force from June 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued May 27, 2020)	Face-covering requirementCourts and public officesWorkplace rules
Ex. FED-022	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (signed by the CDC Director Sept. 1, 2020), CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19 (Sept. 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-022)	In force from Sept. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021 (issued Sept. 1, 2020)	Courts and public officesOther
Ex. FED-031	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Framework for Conditional Sailing Order (Oct. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-031)	In force from Oct. 30, 2020 to Nov. 1, 2021	Capacity limitTravel and quarantineEvents and venuesWorkplace rules
Ex. FED-032	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, Notice: Conditional Sailing Order Technical Instructions and Operations Manual (May 5, 2021) (Ex. FED-032)	In force from May 5, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021	Capacity limitTravel and quarantineWorkplace rulesVaccination or testing
Ex. FED-297	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer (Executive Committee), Amended General Order 21-0006 (May 26, 2021) (Ex. FED-297)	In force from May 26, 2021 to Sept. 15, 2021	Courts and public officesWorkplace rulesVaccination or testing
Ex. FED-080	Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Exposure to COVID-19; Emergency Temporary Standard, 29 C.F.R. 1910.502, 86 Fed. Reg. 32376 (June 21, 2021) (Ex. FED-080)	In force from June 21, 2021 to Dec. 27, 2021	Capacity limitFace-covering requirementHealth care ordersWorkplace rulesVaccination or testingQuarantine and isolation
Ex. FED-301	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Fifth Amended General Order 20-0022 (June 21, 2021) (Ex. FED-301)	In force from June 21, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021	Courts and public offices
Ex. FED-008	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. (memorandum to the Secretary of Homeland Security and the FEMA Administrator), Memorandum of February 2, 2021 (Feb. 2, 2021) (Ex. FED-008)	In force from Jan. 20, 2020 to Aug. 17, 2021 (issued Feb. 2, 2021)	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-010	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists Nationwide as the Result of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-010)	In force from Jan. 27, 2020 to May 11, 2023 (issued Jan. 31, 2020)	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-200	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9984 (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-200)	In force from Feb. 2, 2020 to Nov. 8, 2021 (issued Jan. 31, 2020)	Travel and quarantine
Ex. FED-180	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Declaration Under the PREP Act for Medical Countermeasures Against COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 15198 (Mar. 17, 2020; effective Feb. 4, 2020) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-180)	In force from Feb. 4, 2020 to Oct. 1, 2024 (issued Mar. 10, 2020)	Emergency declarationHealth care orders
Ex. FED-181	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination of Public Health Emergency and Declaration that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for 2019-nCoV (Feb. 4, 2020) (Ex. FED-181)	In force from Feb. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Emergency declarationHealth care orders
Ex. FED-001	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9994 (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-001)	In force from Mar. 1, 2020 to Apr. 10, 2023 (issued Mar. 13, 2020)	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-160	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, COVID-19 Emergency Declaration Blanket Waivers for Health Care Providers (consolidated document; version updated May 24, 2021) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-160)	In force from Mar. 1, 2020 to May 11, 2023 (issued Mar. 13, 2020)	Health care ordersOther
Ex. FED-182	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Emergency Use Declaration: personal respiratory protective devices (Mar. 2, 2020) (Ex. FED-182)	In force from Mar. 2, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Emergency declarationSupply chain
Ex. FED-201	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9992 (Feb. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-201)	In force from Mar. 2, 2020 to Nov. 8, 2021 (issued Feb. 29, 2020)	Travel and quarantine
Ex. FED-096	CMS, Center for Clinical Standards and Quality / Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-13-Hospitals (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-14-NH (Mar. 13, 2020), QSO-20-18-HHA (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-096)	In force from Mar. 4, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Health care orders
Ex. FED-098	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-18-HHA, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention Concerning Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Home Health Agencies (HHAs) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-098)	In force from Mar. 10, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Health care orders
Ex. FED-006	President Donald J. Trump (letter to the Secretaries of Homeland Security, the Treasury and HHS and the FEMA Administrator), Emergency determination of March 13, 2020 under Stafford Act § 501(b) (nationwide emergency; implemented by FEMA as EM-3428 through EM-3580 series, one per State and territory, all dated March 13, 2020) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-006)	In force from Mar. 13, 2020 to May 11, 2023	Emergency declaration
Ex. FED-194	HHS Office for Civil Rights, Notification of Enforcement Discretion for Telehealth Remote Communications During the COVID-19 Nationwide Public Health Emergency (Mar. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-194)	In force from Mar. 17, 2020 to May 11, 2023	Health care ordersOther
Ex. FED-070	President Donald J. Trump, Executive Order 13909 (Mar. 18, 2020) (Ex. FED-070)	In force from Mar. 18, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2021	Supply chain

127 further federal instruments were in force in this quarter and are listed in the Library's federal layer at covidproject.com/federal; this report shows the 40 most relevant to this selection.

Regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops

Ex. SEC-08-006

Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 4.1

Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce: Ensuring Community and National Resilience in COVID-19 Response, Version 4.1

DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Aug. 10, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Other
Functions reached: SR; SV; PT; DM; SC
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 52 (in force on the last day)

'Workers critical to the manufacturing, distribution, sales, rental, leasing, repair, and maintenance of vehicles and other equipment (including electric vehicle charging stations) and the supply chains that enable these operations to facilitate continuity of travel-related operations for essential workers'; 'Department of Motor Vehicle (DMV) workers'

Enforcement: Through incorporating State and local orders in force in Q3 2021

Citation: DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 4.1 (Aug. 10, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-006) Open the exhibit

Ex. SEC-08-022

Beige Book, September 8, 2021

The Beige Book: Summary of Commentary on Current Economic Conditions, September 2021

Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Sept. 8, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Other
Functions reached: SC; SR; MK; CB
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 23 (in force on the last day)

'weakness in auto sales was widely ascribed to low inventories amidst the ongoing microchip shortage'; New York District: 'An increasingly severe shortage of auto inventories has led to weakening sales of new vehicles in recent weeks. Dealers perceive no end in sight to the microchip shortage that has severely limited their inflow of new vehicles. At this point, new cars being delivered to dealers are largely already spoken for'; 'rising concerns about the Delta variant and the extension of federal restrictions on foreign visitors have constrained activity and led to the cancellation of summer events, such as the Fancy Foods Show and the Auto Show'

Enforcement: None

Citation: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Beige Book, September 8, 2021 (Sept. 8, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-022) Open the exhibit

Ex. SEC-08-020

Notice of Request for Public Comments on Risks in the Semiconductor Supply Chain

Risks in the Semiconductor Supply Chain

Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security, United States (Federal)

Dates: In force from Nov. 8, 2021 (no end date recorded) (issued Sept. 24, 2021)
Quarters: 2021 Q3
Limitations: Supply chainOther
Functions reached: SC; SR; PT
Grade: Primary source read
Days in this quarter: 0

Federal record that the semiconductor shortage constituted a supply-chain risk requiring government information collection (quote from the notice before use)

Enforcement: None (information request)

Citation: Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security, Notice of Request for Public Comments on Risks in the Semiconductor Supply Chain (Sept. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-020) Open the exhibit

Continuing in force from an earlier quarter of this report (1 instrument):

Exhibit	Citation	Dates	Limitations
Ex. SEC-08-021	President Biden, EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-021)	In force from Feb. 24, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021	Supply chainOther

Third quarter of 2021: the instruments in force, Dealers and Repair Shops (nationally)

In force during the third quarter of 2021 (an order in force on any day of the quarter is an order in force during it):

MET-HNL-030 (Honolulu EO 2021-08 Tier 4, June 9, 2021), MET-HNL-032 (EO 2021-09 Tier 5, July 2, 2021), MET-HNL-037 and MET-HNL-038 (Proclamation and EO 2021-13 with Exhibit B conditions on new and used car and truck dealerships, Sept. 17, 2021)
HI-024 (Hawaii Emergency Proclamation, Aug. 5, 2021, employee vaccination or testing; statewide indoor mask requirement continued)
MET-LA-018 (Los Angeles County Health Officer Order reinstating indoor masking, July 15-17, 2021); MET-LA-021 and MET-LA-022 (blanket quarantine and isolation orders, Aug. 26, 2021)
Bay Area health officer indoor mask orders effective Aug. 3, 2021 (SFO metro file)
CA-024 and CA-067 (Cal/OSHA COVID-19 Prevention ETS as readopted June 17, 2021, 8 C.C.R. 3205: written program, exclusion of cases, notice, testing, face coverings for unvaccinated employees; binds every dealership and repair shop in California)
NV-041 (Directive 047, July 27, 2021, effective July 30: face coverings in indoor public spaces in counties of substantial or high transmission, incl. Clark and Washoe); NV-067 (Nevada Health Response guidance listing 'public buildings, including the DMV')
DC-057 (Mayor's Order 2021-097, July 29, 2021, indoor mask requirement from July 31)
LA-036 (Proclamation 137 JBE 2021, Aug. 2, 2021, statewide indoor mask mandate effective Aug. 4); LA-038 (167 JBE 2021, extended to Sept. 29); LA-037 and LA-039 (145 and 168 JBE 2021, Aug. 6 and Aug. 31, 2021, Office of Motor Vehicles remote-service and renewal provisions)
OR-048 (OAR 333-019-1025, Aug. 13, 2021, indoor masking in indoor spaces open to the public); OR-057 (ODOT DMV services by appointment and online, June 29, 2021)
New Mexico Public Health Order of Aug. 17, 2021 (indoor mask requirement; NM State file); NM-065 (EO 2021-049 renewal through Sept. 15, 2021)
Washington Secretary of Health Order 20-03.4 (Aug. 23, 2021, indoor face coverings regardless of vaccination; WA State file)
IL-042 (EO 2021-20, Aug. 26, 2021, indoor masks statewide effective Aug. 30); IL-041 (EO 2021-19 reissue through Sept. 18, 2021)
Philadelphia Board of Health Second Consolidated Regulation as amended Aug. 11, 2021, effective Aug. 12 (PHL metro file)
VA-038 (16VAC25-220 amended standard, Sept. 8, 2021; VA-037 permanent standard Jan. 27, 2021: employer COVID-19 programs, physical distancing and face coverings by hazard level in every Virginia workplace, including dealerships and shops)
SEC-08-023 (FMCSA Extension of Emergency Declaration No. 2020-002, Aug. 31, 2021, to Nov. 30, 2021; posture only for truck dealers and parts freight)
FED-020 (CDC conveyance mask order, 86 Fed. Reg. 8025) with FED-051 and FED-052 (TSA SD 1582/84-21-01A and -01B) reaching the commuting workforce and the ride-share and transit customers of service departments
FED-063 (EO 14042, Sept. 9, 2021) and FED-275 (OMB determination, Sept. 28, 2021) for dealers holding federal fleet, parts or service contracts
SEC-08-006 (CISA Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce Guidance v4.1, Aug. 10, 2021; advisory list incorporated by reference in State orders)
SEC-08-020 (Commerce/BIS Notice of Request for Public Comments on Risks in the Semiconductor Supply Chain, 86 Fed. Reg. 53031, Sept. 24, 2021) and SEC-08-021 (EO 14017, Feb. 24, 2021): federal record of the supply interruption that reached SC and SR
SEC-08-022 (Federal Reserve Beige Book, Sept. 8, 2021: 'weakness in auto sales was widely ascribed to low inventories amidst the ongoing microchip shortage'; New York District: 'cancellation of summer events, such as the Fancy Foods Show and the Auto Show')
HHS public health emergency renewal of July 19, 2021 and the continuing State emergency declarations (predicate only; FED-A and State files)
DHS land-border notifications barring non-essential travel from Mexico and Canada through Sept. 30, 2021 (FED-B) and the entry proclamations to Nov. 8, 2021 (FED-B): context for cross-border parts, freight and customers
Appointment-only and reservation-only motor-vehicle agencies: New Jersey MVC licensing centers, New York DMV reservation system, Connecticut DMV appointment-only, Oregon DMV appointments (OR-057), D.C. DMV appointment-only (DC-082 posture continued), Louisiana OMV remote services (LA-037, LA-039) [grade verified_secondary except where the exhibit is cited]

6. The industry's regime in the States

No State was selected. The industry's State-by-State regime table is on the industry page at covidproject.com/industries/dealers-repair.

7. Group meetings, trade shows and seasons the industry lost

The organizers' own notices of the trade shows, conventions, seasons and tournaments this industry lost in the quarters selected, with the reason each organizer gave. A cancelled meeting is a limitation on group meetings in the statute's words, and it reached the industry's customer base and its sales calendar.

Date	Organizer	Event	What the notice said	Exhibit
Feb. 19, 2020	Chicago Automobile Trade Association (CATA)	Chicago Auto Show 2020 (the nation's largest auto show)	Chicago Auto Show release (PR Newswire), 'Chicago Auto Show Concludes Successful 10-Day Run' (Feb. 19, 2020)	Ex. SEC-08-GM-016
Mar. 11, 2020	Greater New York Automobile Dealers Association (GNYADA)	New York International Auto Show (NYIAS) 2020	"We are taking this extraordinary step to help protect our attendees, exhibitors and all participants from the coronavirus" (Mark Schienberg, GNYADA, Ex. SEC-08-GM-011); organizers thanked Governor Cuomo and the Javits Center for accommodating the date change	Ex. SEC-08-GM-011
Mar. 13, 2020	Association of Equipment Manufacturers (AEM)	CONEXPO-CON/AGG & IFPE 2020 (the construction-equipment industry's triennial exposition; dealers, rental houses and manufacturers)	"Due to the growing concerns about COVID-19, the travel restrictions put in place by the President and changing corporate travel policies that impact many of our attendees and exhibitors, we have made the decision to close CONEXPO-CON/AGG & IFPE one day early, closing on Friday, March 13 at 5 p.m.	Ex. SEC-08-GM-004
Mar. 28, 2020	Detroit Auto Dealers Association (DADA)	North American International Auto Show (NAIAS) 2020, Detroit	"announced it will cancel its June 2020 show in Detroit in light of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic" and FEMA's plan to "repurpose TCF Center into a temporary field hospital"; "it became clear to us that TCF Center would be an inevitable" choice among convention centers considered for temporary hospitals (Ex.…	Ex. SEC-08-GM-009
June 10, 2020	Iowa State Fair Board	Iowa State Fair 2020 and 2021 (farm equipment, truck and RV dealer displays; 'approximately one million people over 11 days')	"holding the 2020 Iowa State Fair, which attracts approximately one million people over 11 days, would not be responsible"; "holding a Fair in accordance with current health guidelines related to COVID-19 wasn't feasible" (Gary Slater, Ex. SEC-08-GM-019)	Ex. SEC-08-GM-019
July 6, 2020	State Fair of Texas (board of directors)	State Fair of Texas 2020 and 2021, with the Texas Auto Show held inside the fair ('the only fair in the United States to include a full auto show')	"In the current climate of COVID-19, there is no feasible way for the Fair to put proper precautions in place while maintaining the Fair environment you know and love.... the recent surge in positive cases is troubling for all of North Texas... The safest and most responsible decision we could make for all involved at…	Ex. SEC-08-GM-020
July 29, 2020	GIE/OPEI, LLC (Outdoor Power Equipment Institute and partners)	GIE+EXPO 2020 (Green Industry and Equipment Exposition; outdoor power equipment dealers; 'Dealer Preview', dealer workshops and technician training)	"Due to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic and continued regulatory uncertainty, GIE/OPEI, LLC announced that the 2020 show will be postponed until next year." Show management "have been working with state and local authorities to put on the safest show possible.	Ex. SEC-08-GM-013
Aug. 4, 2020	SEMA	SEMA Show (Specialty Equipment Market Association; the aftermarket's principal buyer show, co-located with AAPEX)	SEMA Show homepage notice: 'Update about the 2020 SEMA Show' (cancellation)	Ex. SEC-08-GM-001
Aug. 5, 2020	Auto Care Association and MEMA/AASA (co-owners)	AAPEX 2020 (Automotive Aftermarket Products Expo; parts, tools and service-shop buyers)	"will not be held as an in-person tradeshow event this year due to the current state of the COVID-19 pandemic and related governmental prohibitions and restrictions on gatherings, businesses, and travel... Given the State of Nevada's recently announced long-term mitigation strategy for the COVID-19 pandemic, which has…	Ex. SEC-08-GM-002
Aug. 14, 2020	Pennsylvania Recreation Vehicle and Camping Association (PRVCA)	America's Largest RV Show (Hershey) 2020 and 2021 (the RV industry's largest consumer show; dealers, manufacturers, 1,400 units)	PRVCA, America's Largest RV Show homepage: 2020 Hershey show cancelled; 2021 dates Sept. 15-19	Ex. SEC-08-GM-005
Sept. 21, 2020	DADA	NAIAS 2021 (moved to Sept. 28-Oct. 9, 2021, then replaced by the outdoor 'Motor Bella' at M1 Concourse, Pontiac, Sept. 21-26, 2021)	"September is an excellent time of year for new product, and... alleviates challenges a crowded spring auto show calendar presents" (Ex. SEC-08-GM-010; the release states a calendar rationale)	Ex. SEC-08-GM-010
Sept. 22, 2020	International Agri-Center	World Ag Expo 2021 (the largest annual agricultural exposition; equipment dealers)	homepage banner only.	Ex. SEC-08-GM-003
Oct. 29, 2020	National Marine Manufacturers Association (NMMA)	Progressive Insurance Miami International Boat Show 2020 and 2021 (the marine industry's largest U.S. consumer show)	"2021 Show has been Canceled. We look forward to seeing you in 2022!" (organizer homepage, capture Nov. 28, 2020; Ex. SEC-08-GM-007); the NMMA release of Oct. 29, 2020 lists Miami among the winter 2021 shows cancelled after "a thorough market-by-market analysis regarding the feasibility of producing safe and successful…	Ex. SEC-08-GM-008
Nov. 28, 2020	National Marine Manufacturers Association (NMMA)	Progressive Insurance Miami International Boat Show 2020 and 2021 (the marine industry's largest U.S. consumer show)	"2021 Show has been Canceled. We look forward to seeing you in 2022!" (organizer homepage, capture Nov. 28, 2020; Ex. SEC-08-GM-007); the NMMA release of Oct. 29, 2020 lists Miami among the winter 2021 shows cancelled after "a thorough market-by-market analysis regarding the feasibility of producing safe and successful…	Ex. SEC-08-GM-007
Nov. 29, 2020	NTEA - The Association for the Work Truck Industry	The Work Truck Show / Work Truck Week 2021 (NTEA; commercial truck dealers, upfitters and fleets)	NTEA Work Truck Week 2021 attendee FAQ: 'a typical Work Truck Week is not possible in 2021' (capture Nov. 29, 2020)	Ex. SEC-08-GM-014
Jan. 24, 2021	Florida RV Trade Association (FRVTA)	Florida RV SuperShow 2020 and 2021 (the largest RV show in the country by the organizer's account; opens the winter RV selling season)	FRVTA homepage: '2021 Florida RV Supershow Successful for Exhibitors' (attendance off about 25%); Ft Myers RV Show Jan. 21-24, 2021 'CANCELLED'	Ex. SEC-08-GM-006
May 4, 2021	CATA	Chicago Auto Show 2021 ('Special Edition', July 15-19, 2021, in place of the February show)	Chicago Auto Show release (PR Newswire), '2021 Chicago Auto Show Special Edition Scheduled For July 15-19' (May 4, 2021)	Ex. SEC-08-GM-017
July 20, 2021	CATA	Chicago Auto Show 2021 ('Special Edition', July 15-19, 2021, in place of the February show)	Chicago Auto Show release (PR Newswire), '2021 Chicago Auto Show Concludes Successful Five-Day Special Edition' (July 20, 2021)	Ex. SEC-08-GM-018
Aug. 4, 2021	GNYADA	NYIAS 2021 (Aug. 20-29, 2021 planned; cancelled)	NAIAS: '2020 North American International Auto Show Cancels Amid COVID-19 Pandemic/Expected TCF Center Conversion' (Ex. SEC-08-GM-009)	Ex. SEC-08-GM-012
Aug. 25, 2021	State Fair of Texas (board of directors)	State Fair of Texas 2020 and 2021, with the Texas Auto Show held inside the fair ('the only fair in the United States to include a full auto show')	"In the current climate of COVID-19, there is no feasible way for the Fair to put proper precautions in place while maintaining the Fair environment you know and love.... the recent surge in positive cases is troubling for all of North Texas... The safest and most responsible decision we could make for all involved at…	Ex. SEC-08-GM-021
	RV Dealers Association (RVDA) with RVDA of Canada	RV Dealers Convention/Expo 2020 (RVDA; dealer education, vendor training and exhibit hall)	no reason stated in the release read	Ex. SEC-08-GM-015

8. Partial suspension, element by element, for this business

This section applies the five-step test of section 3 to a business of the industry Dealers and Repair Shops with the instruments this report found for the quarters selected and no others: the order; the function of the business it reached; the change it compelled, in its own words; the days of the quarter on which it was in force; and the statute's answer. Where the Library holds only federal-layer and standing-duty instruments for a quarter, the section says so and applies the test to those instruments.

Second quarter of 2020 (Apr. 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020; orders from Mar. 13, 2020)

Step one, the orders. In the second quarter of 2020 the Library holds 191 instruments in force for this selection: 12 instruments from the regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops (Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010); Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040); Governor Wolf and Secretary of Health, Industry Operation Guidance (Life-Sustaining Business list) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-012); and 9 more) and 179 federal instruments (Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290); United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Order filed by the Clerk, Molly C. Dwyer), Order of March 16, 2020 (COVID-19 building access) (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-279); U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, USCIS alert of Mar. 17, 2020: USCIS Temporarily Closing Offices to the Public (Mar. 18 - Apr. 1, 2020), extended to May 3 and then to June 3, 2020 (Ex. FED-324); and 176 more). Each is an order, proclamation, rule or decree of a governmental authority with jurisdiction over the place or the trade, and each is listed in section 5 with its exhibit.

Step two, the function reached. The instruments reached these functions of business of the Dealers and Repair industry, as the Library records them: showroom and sales (SR; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-040, Ex. SEC-08-012, Ex. SEC-08-002 and 8 more); service and repair (SV; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-012, Ex. SEC-08-002, Ex. SEC-08-014 and 3 more); parts (PT; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-012, Ex. SEC-08-002, Ex. SEC-08-003 and 3 more); delivery, test drives and field service (DL; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-002, Ex. SEC-08-003, Ex. SEC-08-015); motor-vehicle offices, titles and registrations (DM; Ex. SEC-08-040, Ex. SEC-08-002, Ex. SEC-08-003, Ex. SEC-08-005 and 1 more); finance and insurance (FI; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-040, Ex. SEC-08-005, Ex. SEC-08-004); manufacturers' plants, chips and freight (SC; Ex. SEC-08-002, Ex. SEC-08-003); hiring, screening, training and credentialing (HR; Ex. SEC-08-004); office, administration and telework (OP; Ex. SEC-08-010); workforce availability (WF; Ex. SEC-08-010); the customer base (CB; Ex. SEC-08-032, Ex. SEC-08-030).

Step three, the change compelled. Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010) ordered: "'In addition to the Healthy at Work minimum requirements, vehicle and boat dealerships must meet the requirements below in order to reopen and remain open'; 'In no case should a showroom exceed 25% of its designated maximum occupancy'; 'Dealerships should allow customers to test drive…" Enforcement: KRS 39A.990 and the Healthy at Work orders; local health departments Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040) ordered: "See Ex. TX-069: 'The temporary waiver of certain vehicle title and registration requirements, announced by Governor Greg Abbott on March 16, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, will end on April 14, 2021'" Governor Wolf and Secretary of Health, Industry Operation Guidance (Life-Sustaining Business list) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-012) ordered: "'Automobile Dealers No'; 'Other Motor Vehicle Dealers No'; 'Automotive Parts, Accessories, and Tire Stores Yes'; 'Automotive Repair and Maintenance Yes' (read in Ex. PA-004)" Enforcement: Recited in the Mar. 19 orders The operative words of every other instrument of the quarter are quoted in section 5.

Step four, the quarter. The quarter's record runs from Mar. 13, 2020 to June 30, 2020, 110 days. Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (Ex. SEC-08-010) was in force from June 11, 2020 to June 11, 2021, 20 of the quarter's 110 days; Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16… (Ex. SEC-08-040) was in force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 14, 2021, 107 of the quarter's 110 days; Industry Operation Guidance (Life-Sustaining Business list) (Ex. SEC-08-012) was in force from Mar. 19, 2020 to May 28, 2020, 71 of the quarter's 110 days. Of the 12 instruments in the quarter's record, 0 were in force on its first day, 8 on its last day and 0 on every day of the quarter.

Step five, the statute's answer. Each function named in step two is a portion of the operation of a business of the Dealers and Repair industry; each change compelled in step three is a delay, interruption or termination of that portion; and but for the orders, no law required it. On the definitions the United States agreed to and the court adopted in Tri-State, the operation was partially suspended during the second quarter of 2020 due to orders from an appropriate governmental authority limiting commerce, travel or group meetings due to COVID-19. The statute asks nothing further: not whether the business was essential or stayed open, not whether it could telework, not whose customers the orders addressed, and not for a percentage.

Third quarter of 2020 (July 1, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020)

Step one, the orders. In the third quarter of 2020 the Library holds 166 instruments in force for this selection: 3 instruments from the regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops (Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010); Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040); Empire State Development, ESD Essential Business Guidance (as of June 10, 2020) (June 8, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-015)) and 163 federal instruments (Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation mission area, USDA announcement of Mar. 23, 2020: USDA Service Centers Open for Business by Phone Appointment Only (Ex. FED-391); The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force, Guidelines for Opening Up America Again (Apr. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-192); and 160 more). Each is an order, proclamation, rule or decree of a governmental authority with jurisdiction over the place or the trade, and each is listed in section 5 with its exhibit.

Step three, the change compelled. Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010) ordered: "'In addition to the Healthy at Work minimum requirements, vehicle and boat dealerships must meet the requirements below in order to reopen and remain open'; 'In no case should a showroom exceed 25% of its designated maximum occupancy'; 'Dealerships should allow customers to test drive…" Enforcement: KRS 39A.990 and the Healthy at Work orders; local health departments Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040) ordered: "See Ex. TX-069: 'The temporary waiver of certain vehicle title and registration requirements, announced by Governor Greg Abbott on March 16, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, will end on April 14, 2021'" Empire State Development, ESD Essential Business Guidance (as of June 10, 2020) (June 8, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-015) ordered: "'automotive sales conducted remotely or electronically, with in-person vehicle showing, return, and delivery by appointment only'; 'automotive repair'" Enforcement: EO 202.6, 202.8 and NY Forward The operative words of every other instrument of the quarter are quoted in section 5.

Step four, the quarter. The quarter's record runs from July 1, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020, 92 days. Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (Ex. SEC-08-010) was in force from June 11, 2020 to June 11, 2021, 92 of the quarter's 92 days; Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16… (Ex. SEC-08-040) was in force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 14, 2021, 92 of the quarter's 92 days; ESD Essential Business Guidance (as of June 10, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-015) was in force from June 10, 2020 to Sept. 30, 2020, 92 of the quarter's 92 days. Of the 3 instruments in the quarter's record, 3 were in force on its first day, 3 on its last day and 3 on every day of the quarter.

Step five, the statute's answer. Each function named in step two is a portion of the operation of a business of the Dealers and Repair industry; each change compelled in step three is a delay, interruption or termination of that portion; and but for the orders, no law required it. On the definitions the United States agreed to and the court adopted in Tri-State, the operation was partially suspended during the third quarter of 2020 due to orders from an appropriate governmental authority limiting commerce, travel or group meetings due to COVID-19. The statute asks nothing further: not whether the business was essential or stayed open, not whether it could telework, not whose customers the orders addressed, and not for a percentage.

Fourth quarter of 2020 (Oct. 1, 2020 to Dec. 31, 2020)

Step one, the orders. In the fourth quarter of 2020 the Library holds 162 instruments in force for this selection: 2 instruments from the regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops (Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010); Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040)) and 160 federal instruments (Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290); Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-334); Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-6 (Sept. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-333); and 157 more). Each is an order, proclamation, rule or decree of a governmental authority with jurisdiction over the place or the trade, and each is listed in section 5 with its exhibit.

Step two, the function reached. The instruments reached these functions of business of the Dealers and Repair industry, as the Library records them: showroom and sales (SR; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-040); service and repair (SV; Ex. SEC-08-010); parts (PT; Ex. SEC-08-010); delivery, test drives and field service (DL; Ex. SEC-08-010); motor-vehicle offices, titles and registrations (DM; Ex. SEC-08-040); finance and insurance (FI; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-040); office, administration and telework (OP; Ex. SEC-08-010); workforce availability (WF; Ex. SEC-08-010).

Step three, the change compelled. Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010) ordered: "'In addition to the Healthy at Work minimum requirements, vehicle and boat dealerships must meet the requirements below in order to reopen and remain open'; 'In no case should a showroom exceed 25% of its designated maximum occupancy'; 'Dealerships should allow customers to test drive…" Enforcement: KRS 39A.990 and the Healthy at Work orders; local health departments Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040) ordered: "See Ex. TX-069: 'The temporary waiver of certain vehicle title and registration requirements, announced by Governor Greg Abbott on March 16, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, will end on April 14, 2021'" The operative words of every other instrument of the quarter are quoted in section 5.

Step four, the quarter. The quarter's record runs from Oct. 1, 2020 to Dec. 31, 2020, 92 days. Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (Ex. SEC-08-010) was in force from June 11, 2020 to June 11, 2021, 92 of the quarter's 92 days; Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16… (Ex. SEC-08-040) was in force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 14, 2021, 92 of the quarter's 92 days. Of the 2 instruments in the quarter's record, 2 were in force on its first day, 2 on its last day and 2 on every day of the quarter.

Step five, the statute's answer. Each function named in step two is a portion of the operation of a business of the Dealers and Repair industry; each change compelled in step three is a delay, interruption or termination of that portion; and but for the orders, no law required it. On the definitions the United States agreed to and the court adopted in Tri-State, the operation was partially suspended during the fourth quarter of 2020 due to orders from an appropriate governmental authority limiting commerce, travel or group meetings due to COVID-19. The statute asks nothing further: not whether the business was essential or stayed open, not whether it could telework, not whose customers the orders addressed, and not for a percentage.

First quarter of 2021 (Jan. 1, 2021 to Mar. 31, 2021)

Step one, the orders. In the first quarter of 2021 the Library holds 178 instruments in force for this selection: 3 instruments from the regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops (Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010); Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040); President Biden, EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-021)) and 175 federal instruments (Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290); Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-334); Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-6 (Sept. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-333); and 172 more). Each is an order, proclamation, rule or decree of a governmental authority with jurisdiction over the place or the trade, and each is listed in section 5 with its exhibit.

Step two, the function reached. The instruments reached these functions of business of the Dealers and Repair industry, as the Library records them: showroom and sales (SR; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-040); service and repair (SV; Ex. SEC-08-010); parts (PT; Ex. SEC-08-010); delivery, test drives and field service (DL; Ex. SEC-08-010); motor-vehicle offices, titles and registrations (DM; Ex. SEC-08-040); finance and insurance (FI; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-040); manufacturers' plants, chips and freight (SC; Ex. SEC-08-021); office, administration and telework (OP; Ex. SEC-08-010); workforce availability (WF; Ex. SEC-08-010).

Step three, the change compelled. Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010) ordered: "'In addition to the Healthy at Work minimum requirements, vehicle and boat dealerships must meet the requirements below in order to reopen and remain open'; 'In no case should a showroom exceed 25% of its designated maximum occupancy'; 'Dealerships should allow customers to test drive…" Enforcement: KRS 39A.990 and the Healthy at Work orders; local health departments Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040) ordered: "See Ex. TX-069: 'The temporary waiver of certain vehicle title and registration requirements, announced by Governor Greg Abbott on March 16, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, will end on April 14, 2021'" President Biden, EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-021) ordered: "Directs a 100-day report 'identifying risks in the semiconductor manufacturing and advanced packaging supply chains'" Enforcement: None as to private parties The operative words of every other instrument of the quarter are quoted in section 5.

Step four, the quarter. The quarter's record runs from Jan. 1, 2021 to Mar. 31, 2021, 90 days. Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (Ex. SEC-08-010) was in force from June 11, 2020 to June 11, 2021, 90 of the quarter's 90 days; Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16… (Ex. SEC-08-040) was in force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 14, 2021, 90 of the quarter's 90 days; EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Ex. SEC-08-021) was in force from Feb. 24, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021, 36 of the quarter's 90 days. Of the 3 instruments in the quarter's record, 2 were in force on its first day, 3 on its last day and 2 on every day of the quarter.

Step five, the statute's answer. Each function named in step two is a portion of the operation of a business of the Dealers and Repair industry; each change compelled in step three is a delay, interruption or termination of that portion; and but for the orders, no law required it. On the definitions the United States agreed to and the court adopted in Tri-State, the operation was partially suspended during the first quarter of 2021 due to orders from an appropriate governmental authority limiting commerce, travel or group meetings due to COVID-19. The statute asks nothing further: not whether the business was essential or stayed open, not whether it could telework, not whose customers the orders addressed, and not for a percentage.

Second quarter of 2021 (Apr. 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021)

Step one, the orders. In the second quarter of 2021 the Library holds 168 instruments in force for this selection: 3 instruments from the regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops (Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010); Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040); President Biden, EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-021)) and 165 federal instruments (Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290); Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-334); Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-6 (Sept. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-333); and 162 more). Each is an order, proclamation, rule or decree of a governmental authority with jurisdiction over the place or the trade, and each is listed in section 5 with its exhibit.

Step two, the function reached. The instruments reached these functions of business of the Dealers and Repair industry, as the Library records them: showroom and sales (SR; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-040); service and repair (SV; Ex. SEC-08-010); parts (PT; Ex. SEC-08-010); delivery, test drives and field service (DL; Ex. SEC-08-010); motor-vehicle offices, titles and registrations (DM; Ex. SEC-08-040); finance and insurance (FI; Ex. SEC-08-010, Ex. SEC-08-040); manufacturers' plants, chips and freight (SC; Ex. SEC-08-021); office, administration and telework (OP; Ex. SEC-08-010); workforce availability (WF; Ex. SEC-08-010).

Step three, the change compelled. Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010) ordered: "'In addition to the Healthy at Work minimum requirements, vehicle and boat dealerships must meet the requirements below in order to reopen and remain open'; 'In no case should a showroom exceed 25% of its designated maximum occupancy'; 'Dealerships should allow customers to test drive…" Enforcement: KRS 39A.990 and the Healthy at Work orders; local health departments Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040) ordered: "See Ex. TX-069: 'The temporary waiver of certain vehicle title and registration requirements, announced by Governor Greg Abbott on March 16, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, will end on April 14, 2021'" President Biden, EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-021) ordered: "Directs a 100-day report 'identifying risks in the semiconductor manufacturing and advanced packaging supply chains'" Enforcement: None as to private parties The operative words of every other instrument of the quarter are quoted in section 5.

Step four, the quarter. The quarter's record runs from Apr. 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021, 91 days. Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (Ex. SEC-08-010) was in force from June 11, 2020 to June 11, 2021, 72 of the quarter's 91 days; Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16… (Ex. SEC-08-040) was in force from Mar. 16, 2020 to Apr. 14, 2021, 14 of the quarter's 91 days; EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Ex. SEC-08-021) was in force from Feb. 24, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021, 91 of the quarter's 91 days. Of the 3 instruments in the quarter's record, 3 were in force on its first day, 1 on its last day and 1 on every day of the quarter.

Step five, the statute's answer. Each function named in step two is a portion of the operation of a business of the Dealers and Repair industry; each change compelled in step three is a delay, interruption or termination of that portion; and but for the orders, no law required it. On the definitions the United States agreed to and the court adopted in Tri-State, the operation was partially suspended during the second quarter of 2021 due to orders from an appropriate governmental authority limiting commerce, travel or group meetings due to COVID-19. The statute asks nothing further: not whether the business was essential or stayed open, not whether it could telework, not whose customers the orders addressed, and not for a percentage.

Third quarter of 2021 (July 1, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021)

Step one, the orders. In the third quarter of 2021 the Library holds 171 instruments in force for this selection: 4 instruments from the regulators of Dealers and Repair Shops (President Biden, EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-021); DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 4.1 (Aug. 10, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-006); Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Beige Book, September 8, 2021 (Sept. 8, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-022); and 1 more) and 167 federal instruments (Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290); Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Updated Amended Standing Order 21-04 (Sept. 3, 2021) (Ex. FED-307); Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Standing Order 2020-04 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-311); and 164 more). Each is an order, proclamation, rule or decree of a governmental authority with jurisdiction over the place or the trade, and each is listed in section 5 with its exhibit.

Step two, the function reached. The instruments reached these functions of business of the Dealers and Repair industry, as the Library records them: showroom and sales (SR; Ex. SEC-08-006, Ex. SEC-08-022, Ex. SEC-08-020); service and repair (SV; Ex. SEC-08-006); parts (PT; Ex. SEC-08-006, Ex. SEC-08-020); motor-vehicle offices, titles and registrations (DM; Ex. SEC-08-006); manufacturers' plants, chips and freight (SC; Ex. SEC-08-021, Ex. SEC-08-006, Ex. SEC-08-022, Ex. SEC-08-020); shows and events (MK; Ex. SEC-08-022); the customer base (CB; Ex. SEC-08-022).

Step three, the change compelled. President Biden, EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-021) ordered: "Directs a 100-day report 'identifying risks in the semiconductor manufacturing and advanced packaging supply chains'" Enforcement: None as to private parties DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 4.1 (Aug. 10, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-006) ordered: "'Workers critical to the manufacturing, distribution, sales, rental, leasing, repair, and maintenance of vehicles and other equipment (including electric vehicle charging stations) and the supply chains that enable these operations to facilitate continuity of travel-related operations for essential…" Enforcement: Through incorporating State and local orders in force in Q3 2021 Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Beige Book, September 8, 2021 (Sept. 8, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-022) ordered: "'weakness in auto sales was widely ascribed to low inventories amidst the ongoing microchip shortage'; New York District: 'An increasingly severe shortage of auto inventories has led to weakening sales of new vehicles in recent weeks. Dealers perceive no end in sight to the microchip shortage that…" Enforcement: None The operative words of every other instrument of the quarter are quoted in section 5.

Step four, the quarter. The quarter's record runs from July 1, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021, 92 days. EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Ex. SEC-08-021) was in force from Feb. 24, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021, 92 of the quarter's 92 days; Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 4.1 (Ex. SEC-08-006) was in force from Aug. 10, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021, 52 of the quarter's 92 days; Beige Book, September 8, 2021 (Ex. SEC-08-022) was in force from Sept. 8, 2021 to Sept. 30, 2021, 23 of the quarter's 92 days. Of the 4 instruments in the quarter's record, 1 was in force on its first day, 3 on its last day and 1 on every day of the quarter.

Step five, the statute's answer. Each function named in step two is a portion of the operation of a business of the Dealers and Repair industry; each change compelled in step three is a delay, interruption or termination of that portion; and but for the orders, no law required it. On the definitions the United States agreed to and the court adopted in Tri-State, the operation was partially suspended during the third quarter of 2021 due to orders from an appropriate governmental authority limiting commerce, travel or group meetings due to COVID-19. The statute asks nothing further: not whether the business was essential or stayed open, not whether it could telework, not whose customers the orders addressed, and not for a percentage.

9. The Service's sentences, answered for Dealers and Repair Shops

The Service's letters and examination reports rest on fourteen grounds. Each is answered below from the statute's text, from Tri-State, from the instruments with their exhibit identifiers, and from the United States' own representations in Stenson Tamaddon, LLC v. IRS, No. 2:24-cv-01123-SPL (D. Ariz.), appeal No. 25-4217 (9th Cir.), and in Tri-State, collected at The IRS: in its own words. The United States' opposition and cross-motion for summary judgment of January 6, 2025, ECF No. 44, is cited as Doc. 44; the District Court's summary-judgment order of June 20, 2025, ECF No. 49, as Doc. 49; and the answering brief of the United States in the Ninth Circuit, No. 25-4217 (Jan. 30, 2026), as Br. for Appellees. None survives the public record.

Each sentence below is stated in the Service's general vocabulary and answered from the industry analysis; the full answer, with its footnotes, is on the ground page linked beneath it.

Sentence 1: 1. No orders in effect

There were no government orders related to COVID-19 in effect during the quarter which could have fully or partially suspended your trade or business.

For every quarter, the six quarters list the orders in force on the quarter's first and last day, by issuer, date and terms, with exhibit identifiers, and the tables on this page tabulate them. For the third quarter of 2021 alone the list runs to the federal workplace, contractor, conveyance, rail, port, border and entry orders, Hawaii's proclamations and Honolulu's Exhibit B naming "New and used car and truck dealerships," the Cal/OSHA, Virginia, Oregon and Washington workplace standards, the New York exposure prevention plans, the exposure-control, quarantine and vaccination orders of ten States and a dozen metros, and the motor-vehicle, notarial and court instruments of the States. A form sentence that no orders were in effect is not the "case-by-case" determination the United States described to the District Court, and the National Taxpayer Advocate has recorded that the letters carrying it were issued "based on the results of risk filter analyses rather than a prior examination." The sentence describes a quarter that did not occur, and the Service's records, whatever they contain, do not contain the Federal Register, the Honolulu emergency orders or the California Code of Regulations.

Read the full answer to sentence 1 and the record behind it →

Sentence 2: 2. The essential designation

The employer operated an essential business and remained open.

The word "essential" is not in the statute. Every order that designated repair and maintenance essential in March 2020 said so on the same page that closed the showroom: Pennsylvania's list read "Automobile Dealers No" and "Automotive Repair and Maintenance Yes"; New Jersey's permitted "Car dealerships, but only to provide auto maintenance and repair services"; Nevada's provided that "auto showrooms are to remain closed." The designation was a permission to run the service bays under the orders' conditions, and it exempted no showroom from closure, no counter from the exposure-control orders, no dealership from the capacity caps, the workplace standards, the exposure prevention plans or the quarantine orders. The Notice itself provides that an employer so designated "may be considered to have a partial suspension of operations if, under the facts and circumstances, more than a nominal portion of its business operations are suspended by a governmental order," illustrates the rule with "an employer that maintains both essential and non-essential business operations," which is the dealership exactly, and finds in Q&A-17's Example 4 that an essential hospital barred from elective procedures is partially suspended; the United States told the District Court that an employer "could be considered to have a partial suspension due to the governmental order if it was required to suspend certain operations for certain purposes." A dealership that "remained open" for repair under an order that closed its sales floor was partially suspended by that order, which is what the word "partially" means.

Read the full answer to sentence 2 and the record behind it →

Sentence 3: 3. Orders directed to the public

Stay-at-home orders directed to the public are not considered; only orders directed at business operations count.

The statute says nothing of the source or addressee of the order; it asks whether the order limited "commerce, travel, or group meetings." The Notice's own list of qualifying orders includes "A State's emergency proclamation that residents must shelter in place" and "An order from a local official imposing a curfew on residents," both addressed to the public, and the United States described that list to the District Court as "[c]onsistent with the language in the statute" (Doc. 44 at 12) and told the Ninth Circuit:

a business may be suspended 'due to' a government order addressing a third party.

Read the full answer to sentence 3 and the record behind it →

Sentence 4: 4. Comparable operations through telework

The employer could have continued comparable operations through telework.

"Comparable operations" and "telework" are not in the statute; Tri-State defines a partial suspension as a temporary delay, interruption or termination of a portion of the business, and a showroom ordered closed to in-person traffic has had its in-person portion terminated for the duration of the order. The Notice's own words confirm it. Q&A-15 provides that where "the closure of the workplace causes the employer to suspend business operations for certain purposes, but not others, it may be considered to have a partial suspension of operations due to the governmental order," and its Example 2 treats a physical-therapy practice whose "workplace, including access to physical therapy equipment, is central to its operations" as partially suspended although it served some of its patients remotely; Q&A-16 provides that where the physical work space is so critical that central tasks cannot be performed remotely "this factor alone indicates that the employer is not able to continue comparable operations"; Q&A-17's Example 3 finds a retailer whose "retail storefront locations" were closed partially suspended although "it continues to fulfill online orders," and its Example 6 finds a large retailer confined to "curbside service" partially suspended. A vehicle is inspected on a lot, driven on a road, appraised in a bay, repaired on a lift and delivered by hand; none of that is portable work, and the orders that permitted "online vehicle sales" through PennDOT's portal or "remote and electronic sales or leases" permitted the portion of the operation that remained, not a comparable operation. The comparable-operations sentence with which Q&A-15 opens is not in the statute, has no force of law by the United States' own account, and is not applied here. The four comparable-operations factors first appeared in the Notice on March 1, 2021; the FAQ posted April 29, 2020 answered the closed-for-some-purposes question with an unqualified "Yes." Remote selling was the modification the orders compelled, and a compelled modification of a more than nominal portion is a partial suspension, which is what Q&A-17 also says. The position substitutes a word Congress did not write for the one it did.

Read the full answer to sentence 4 and the record behind it →

Sentence 5: 5. Orders that affected customers

The orders affected the employer's customers, not the employer (Q&A-13).

Q&A-13 addresses an employer that suspends operations because of "a reduction in demand," and its own example is "Employer B, an automobile repair service business," which "is not required to close its locations or suspend its operations" and "suspends its operations due to the lack of demand." This analysis relies on no reduction in demand and no response to demand. The exclusion as posted April 29, 2020 reached only "an essential business that is not required to close its physical locations" and that claimed a suspension "for the sole reason" of its customers' order; it was extended to every employer and to any "reduction in demand" only on March 1, 2021. This analysis relies on orders that closed the showroom by name, capped it by percentage, placed its counters under exposure-control requirements, closed the title office through which every sale is completed, closed the plants that fill the lot, conditioned the borders, ports and rail yards across which inventory moves, and quarantined exposed technicians by blanket order, and it treats those orders as orders limiting commerce, travel and group meetings under the statute's text, Q&A-12's logic and the United States' admission that a third-party order counts. A stay-at-home order on the customer base is itself an order limiting commerce, and the commerce it limited was this industry's; where Q&A-13 would exclude an order confining the customer, it adds to the statute words the United States has represented have no force of law. The Q&A's own example describes a repair shop under no order at all; it does not describe a dealership whose showroom, title office and plant were closed by order, and the Service's invocation of it against this industry misdescribes both the orders and the industry.

Read the full answer to sentence 5 and the record behind it →

Sentence 6: 6. Voluntary measures

The employer's measures were voluntary (Q&A-14).

A showroom closed because Executive Order 2020-42 required it, a showroom held at twenty-five percent because Kentucky's Healthy at Work requirements required it, a test drive taken without an employee because the same requirements required it, a prevention program adopted because Cal. Code Regs. tit. 8, § 3205 required it, and a parts counter placed under face-covering controls in Clark County under a misdemeanor ordinance are not voluntary. Q&A-14 by its own terms reaches only a suspension "not due to a governmental order"; every modification described here is traced to an order with an exhibit identifier. Where a dealer group adopted a nationwide policy to comply with the orders of the jurisdictions that bound it, Q&A-20 makes it eligible "with respect to all of its operations in all locations" "whether or not the employer voluntarily adopts consistent measures for its business operations in other jurisdictions," and its example is "a national retail store chain" confined to "curbside service." A modification traced to an order with an exhibit identifier is not voluntary, and the position that it was describes an employer this analysis does not address.

Q&A-14 reaches, by its own terms, only a suspension "not due to a governmental order," and the United States and the District Court have defined the excluded employer as one "not being ordered to do so." No dealer or repair shop in California, Texas, Florida, New York, Colorado, Ohio, New Jersey or Illinois answered that description in any of the six quarters. The reopening orders permitted the showroom, the service drive and the parts counter to operate only on conditions with the force of law. The standing statutes commanded the same conduct independently: the communicable-disease control acts ("Each person shall act responsibly to prevent and control communicable disease"); the emergency acts' penalties, recited in the orders themselves; the workplace-safety statutes of Texas, California, New York, Ohio and New Jersey; and the general duty clause, 29 U.S.C. § 654(a)(1), enforced by citation from September 2020. The legislatures then fixed the standard of care as compliance with governmental standards, guidance and protocols, in Texas for every action commenced on or after March 13, 2020 and in Florida retroactively, while California, New York, New Jersey and Illinois left every dealer under the ordinary standard of care and the presumptions that attach to a violated regulation or an uncontrolled workplace. The safe-workplace statutes had no COVID-19 content until the health authorities said what a safe showroom, service bay and parts counter required; the measures were taken because those directives defined the duty and would not have been taken without them. "Due to" is but-for causation, and the causation here runs from the command to the measure without an intervening choice. The Notice's own words confirm it: a modification "required by a governmental order as a condition of reopening" is a partial suspension due to the order. A statute that commands conduct is an order from an appropriate governmental authority, as an executive order is; the legislature, the health department and the occupational-safety agency are each such an authority; and the Service's premise, that no command reached the employer, fails wherever one did, which in the Library is every State and every quarter.

Read the full answer to sentence 6 and the record behind it →

Sentence 7: 7. The ten percent figure as a floor

The portion of the business affected was not more than nominal (the 10 percent figure applied as a floor).

The ten percent figure is, in the United States' words, "not determinative," "[e]ffectively ... a safe harbor," "not an eligibility requirement," "a quintessential safe harbor," "a safe harbor rather than a hard floor"; the District Court held it "is not an exclusionary cut-off point"; and Tri-State held that the Notice "provides a method for the test to be met not as a requirement to meet the test" and that reading it as a requirement "would read requirements into the statute that do not exist."

a safe harbor rather than a hard floor

Read the full answer to sentence 7 and the record behind it →

Sentence 8: 8. Nominal modifications

The required modifications (masks, gloves, spacing, screening) had only a nominal effect (Q&A-18).

The modifications described here are closure, remote-only sales, appointment-only admission, capped occupancy, unaccompanied test drives, curbside delivery, closed title offices, quarantined technicians and conditioned deliveries, and the face-covering orders of July through September 2021 are treated as what they were: workplace infection-prevention and exposure-control requirements, orders from appropriate governmental authorities enforced by fine, that conditioned every showroom, service drive and counter in the States and metros that issued them, universal indoor face coverings being one of the controls they imposed beside the screening, verification, quarantine and exclusion duties that the same instruments carried where they did. Q&A-18 itself lists "limiting occupancy to provide for social distancing, requiring services to be performed only on an appointment basis (for businesses that previously offered walk-in service)" and "requiring employees and customers to wear face coverings" as modifications "required by a governmental order as a condition of reopening a physical space for business or service to the public," and provides that a modification "that results in a reduction in an employer's ability to provide goods or services in the normal course of the employer's business of not less than 10 percent will be deemed to have more than a nominal effect"; the United States told the District Court:

employees having to wear face masks may impact business operations.

Read the full answer to sentence 8 and the record behind it →

Sentence 9: 9. Declarations of emergency

A declaration of emergency is not an order (Q&A-10).

This analysis relies on no bare declaration as a suspending order. Each instrument in the layers and the six quarters limited commerce, travel or group meetings in terms. Where an emergency declaration is cited, it is cited as the instrument under which those orders were issued and continued, or as proof of a period, which the Notice's own text allows, and where a declaration itself carried operative provisions, as Hawaii's proclamations, Texas's GA-38 and Georgia's Economic Recovery orders did, it is cited for them. The ground answers an argument this analysis does not make.

Read the full answer to sentence 9 and the record behind it →

Sentence 10: 10. Suppliers and attenuation

The supplier was not itself closed by order; supply-chain effects are too attenuated (AM 2023-005).

Chief Counsel memoranda "may not be used or cited as precedent," by their own legend, which Tri-State quoted in declining to rely on the Chief Counsel memorandum the United States offered there. The suppliers of this industry were closed by order with a date and an exhibit identifier: Michigan's plants from March 24 to May 11, 2020 by Executive Orders 2020-21 and 2020-42; Pennsylvania's transportation-equipment manufacturing from March 19, 2020 by the life-sustaining list; Mexico's assembly plants from March 30 through May 30, 2020 by federal decree; Ontario's places of business outside its essential list from March 24, 2020; the land borders to non-essential travel from March 20, 2020 to November 8, 2021; the ports and rail yards by the Captain of the Port conditions the Coast Guard's bulletins record and by the Federal Railroad Administration's emergency order; and the semiconductor plants of Taiwan by the Level 3 alert of May 19 to July 26, 2021. Nothing here is attenuated: a dealer sells what the plant ships, and the plant was closed. The United States told the Ninth Circuit that the supplier rule "never even mentions a 'physical[ ] clos[ure]' order against the supplier," and told the District Court that an employer is eligible where its operations are suspended "because of the supplier's inability to deliver":

that same employer may still be eligible for the ERC if, under the facts and circumstances, its business operations are fully or partially suspended because of the supplier's inability to deliver (FAQ 12).

Read the full answer to sentence 10 and the record behind it →

Sentence 11: 11. Orders that had lifted

The orders had lifted before the quarter began; any effect was a lingering effect.

For the third quarter of 2021 the orders had not lifted: the third-quarter inventory lists, with dates, the orders in force on July 1 and September 30, 2021, and the subsection that follows it names the expired instruments on which the proof does not rest. Where the position means that a suspension compelled by an order that expired on June 30 ended at midnight, it misreads the clause, which asks whether the operation "is fully or partially suspended during the calendar quarter," and it contradicts Tri-State's definition of a suspension as a "delay," Q&A-22's whole-quarter rule and Q&A-16's transition rule. A dealer whose lot was emptied by the plant orders of 2020 and the semiconductor orders of 2021 and whose new cars were, in the Federal Reserve's words of September 8, 2021, "largely already spoken for" was not selling normally on July 1, 2021; the position mistakes the date an order lapsed for the date the suspension it compelled ended, and the clause asks about the second.

Read the full answer to sentence 11 and the record behind it →

Sentence 12: 12. Gross receipts

The employer did not experience the required decline in gross receipts.

The gross-receipts prong is not relied on. The statute makes an employer eligible on either prong, and the United States admitted in Tri-State that the gross-receipts test is "another method to qualify," on which the court held "the fact an employer can be eligible and affected without partial or full suspension is reasonable." The suspension prong asks about operations, not revenue, and it is satisfied in every quarter; the Census Bureau's monthly record of dealer sales in 2020 and 2021 is a fact of the period and not the test, and the statute asks what the orders did to the operation, not what the operation earned. The ground answers a prong this analysis does not invoke; Congress joined the two prongs with "or."

Read the full answer to sentence 12 and the record behind it →

Sentence 13: 13. Guidance, not orders

The instruments relied on are guidance, recommendations or best practices, not orders.

Every instrument this analysis relies on as a suspending order is an order, proclamation, directive, rule, statute or administrative order with the force of law, issued under a recited statutory or constitutional power and enforced by penalty, contempt, license or contract: Pennsylvania's orders under the Emergency Management Services Code and the Disease Prevention and Control Law, Michigan's under the Emergency Management Act and the Emergency Powers of the Governor Act, Kentucky's Healthy at Work requirements made mandatory by Executive Order 2020-323, Nevada's directives under NRS chapter 414 and its emergency regulation, Honolulu's emergency orders under Hawaii Revised Statutes chapter 127A with misdemeanor enforcement, Cal/OSHA's standards under the Labor Code with civil penalties, Virginia's 16VAC25-220 under the Virginia Occupational Safety and Health law, the CDC's order under 42 U.S.C. § 264, the TSA's directives under 49 U.S.C. § 114(l)(2), the President's proclamations under 8 U.S.C. § 1182(f), and the DHS notifications under 19 U.S.C. § 1318(b). Where a State made a federal guidance document binding by incorporating it into an order, as Texas, North Carolina, Georgia and Florida did with the CISA list, the binding instrument is the order, and it is the order that is cited; the CISA list itself is cited only for what those orders incorporated. The Notice itself provides that whether an instrument is a governmental order "is determined without regard to the level of enforcement," and the Court of Federal Claims has held that health-department guidance issued under compulsory authority "qualifies as an 'order.'" An instrument enforced by fine, misdemeanor, license or contract clause is not a recommendation, and the position that it is misdescribes every instrument this analysis names.

Read the full answer to sentence 13 and the record behind it →

Sentence 14: 14. The ordinary meaning of "order"

'Order' must be given its ordinary meaning.

Agreed. An "order" is "An authoritative indication to be obeyed; a command or direction" and, in the Service's own dictionary work, "a command or mandate delivered by a government official"; the United States agreed in Tri-State that the clause is read by "plain meaning." "Showrooms remain closed to in-person traffic" is a command; "In no case should a showroom exceed 25% of its designated maximum occupancy" is a command; "any appointment that is in-person at any state or county department of motor vehicles is cancelled" is a command; "a person must wear a mask while boarding, disembarking, and traveling on any conveyance" is a command. Every instrument in the third-quarter finding is a command from a competent authority to do or refrain from doing something on pain of sanction. That is the ordinary meaning, and it is satisfied.

The Service is free to disagree about the weight of these instruments. It is not free to say they did not exist.

Read the full answer to sentence 14 and the record behind it →

10. Exhibit list

Every instrument cited in this report, by exhibit identifier: 314 records, of which The COVID Project holds the document for 302. The record URL opens the instrument's page in the Library; the exhibit URL opens the document itself where it is held.

Exhibit	Instrument	Issuer	Date	Citation	Record URL	Exhibit file
Ex. CA-024	COVID-19 Prevention Emergency Temporary Standards as readopted, 8 C.C.R. secs. 3205-3205.4	Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board (Cal/OSHA)	June 17, 2021	Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board (Cal/OSHA), COVID-19 Prevention Emergency Temporary Standards as readopted, 8 C.C.R. secs. 3205-3205.4 (June 17, 2021) (Ex. CA-024)	/library/CA-024	/exhibit/CA-024
Ex. CA-067	Executive Order N-09-21	Governor Gavin Newsom	June 17, 2021	Governor Gavin Newsom, Executive Order N-09-21 (June 17, 2021) (Ex. CA-067)	/library/CA-067	/exhibit/CA-067
Ex. DC-057	Mayor's Order 2021-097	Mayor Muriel Bowser	July 29, 2021	Mayor Muriel Bowser, Mayor's Order 2021-097 (July 29, 2021) (Ex. DC-057)	/library/DC-057	/exhibit/DC-057
Ex. DC-082	DC DMV appointment-only notice (from June 23, 2020)	Department of Motor Vehicles (DC DMV)	June 23, 2020	Department of Motor Vehicles (DC DMV), DC DMV appointment-only notice (from June 23, 2020) (Ex. DC-082)	/library/DC-082	/exhibit/DC-082
Ex. DUT-FED-001	29 U.S.C. 654 (OSH Act § 5, the general duty clause)	Congress (Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, § 5, Pub. L. 91-596, 84 Stat. 1593)	standing	Congress (Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, § 5, Pub. L. 91-596, 84 Stat. 1593), 29 U.S.C. 654 (OSH Act § 5, the general duty clause) (standing) (Ex. DUT-FED-001)	/library/DUT-FED-001	/exhibit/DUT-FED-001
Ex. FED-001	Proclamation 9994	President Donald J. Trump	Mar. 13, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9994 (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-001)	/library/FED-001	/exhibit/FED-001
Ex. FED-002	Notice of February 24, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Feb. 24, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Notice of February 24, 2021 (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. FED-002)	/library/FED-002	/exhibit/FED-002
Ex. FED-006	Emergency determination of March 13, 2020 under Stafford Act § 501(b) (nationwide emergency; implemented by FEMA as EM-3428 through EM-3580 series, one per…	President Donald J. Trump (letter to the Secretaries of Homeland Security, the Treasury and HHS and the FEMA Administrator)	Mar. 13, 2020	President Donald J. Trump (letter to the Secretaries of Homeland Security, the Treasury and HHS and the FEMA Administrator), Emergency determination of March 13, 2020 under Stafford Act § 501(b) (nationwide emergency; implemented by FEMA as EM-3428 through EM-3580 series, one per State and territory, all dated March 13, 2020) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-006)	/library/FED-006	/exhibit/FED-006
Ex. FED-007	Memorandum of January 21, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. (memorandum to the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security)	Jan. 21, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. (memorandum to the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security), Memorandum of January 21, 2021 (Jan. 21, 2021) (Ex. FED-007)	/library/FED-007	/exhibit/FED-007
Ex. FED-008	Memorandum of February 2, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. (memorandum to the Secretary of Homeland Security and the FEMA Administrator)	Feb. 2, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. (memorandum to the Secretary of Homeland Security and the FEMA Administrator), Memorandum of February 2, 2021 (Feb. 2, 2021) (Ex. FED-008)	/library/FED-008	/exhibit/FED-008
Ex. FED-009	Memorandum of August 17, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Aug. 17, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Memorandum of August 17, 2021 (Aug. 17, 2021) (Ex. FED-009)	/library/FED-009	/exhibit/FED-009
Ex. FED-010	Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists Nationwide as the Result of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services	Jan. 31, 2020	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists Nationwide as the Result of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-010)	/library/FED-010	/exhibit/FED-010
Ex. FED-011	Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (April 21, 2020)	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of HHS	Apr. 21, 2020	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of HHS, Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (April 21, 2020) (Apr. 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-011)	/library/FED-011	/exhibit/FED-011
Ex. FED-012	Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (July 23, 2020)	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of HHS	July 23, 2020	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of HHS, Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (July 23, 2020) (Ex. FED-012)	/library/FED-012	/exhibit/FED-012
Ex. FED-013	Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (October 2, 2020)	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of HHS	Oct. 2, 2020	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of HHS, Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (October 2, 2020) (Oct. 2, 2020) (Ex. FED-013)	/library/FED-013	/exhibit/FED-013
Ex. FED-014	Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (January 7, 2021)	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of HHS	Jan. 7, 2021	Alex M. Azar II, Secretary of HHS, Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (January 7, 2021) (Jan. 7, 2021) (Ex. FED-014)	/library/FED-014	/exhibit/FED-014
Ex. FED-015	Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (April 15, 2021)	Xavier Becerra, Secretary of HHS	Apr. 15, 2021	Xavier Becerra, Secretary of HHS, Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (April 15, 2021) (Apr. 15, 2021) (Ex. FED-015)	/library/FED-015	/exhibit/FED-015
Ex. FED-016	Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (July 19, 2021)	Xavier Becerra, Secretary of HHS	July 19, 2021	Xavier Becerra, Secretary of HHS, Renewal of Determination that a Public Health Emergency Exists (July 19, 2021) (Ex. FED-016)	/library/FED-016	/exhibit/FED-016
Ex. FED-020	CDC Order, Requirement for Persons To Wear Masks While on Conveyances and at Transportation Hubs, 86 Fed. Reg. 8025 (Feb. 3, 2021; effective Feb. 1, 2021)	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (order signed by the CDC Director Jan. 29, 2021)	Jan. 29, 2021	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (order signed by the CDC Director Jan. 29, 2021), CDC Order, Requirement for Persons To Wear Masks While on Conveyances and at Transportation Hubs, 86 Fed. Reg. 8025 (Feb. 3, 2021; effective Feb. 1, 2021) (Jan. 29, 2021) (Ex. FED-020)	/library/FED-020	/exhibit/FED-020
Ex. FED-022	CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (signed by the CDC Director Sept. 1, 2020)	Sept. 1, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (signed by the CDC Director Sept. 1, 2020), CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions To Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19 (Sept. 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-022)	/library/FED-022	/exhibit/FED-022
Ex. FED-023	CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (Jan. 29, 2021)	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Jan. 29, 2021	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (Jan. 29, 2021) (Ex. FED-023)	/library/FED-023	/exhibit/FED-023
Ex. FED-024	CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (Mar. 29, 2021)	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Mar. 29, 2021	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (Mar. 29, 2021) (Ex. FED-024)	/library/FED-024	/exhibit/FED-024
Ex. FED-025	CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (June 24, 2021)	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	June 24, 2021	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order extending the Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions (June 24, 2021) (Ex. FED-025)	/library/FED-025	/exhibit/FED-025
Ex. FED-026	CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions in Communities With Substantial or High Transmission of COVID-19	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Aug. 3, 2021	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions in Communities With Substantial or High Transmission of COVID-19 (Aug. 3, 2021) (Ex. FED-026)	/library/FED-026	/exhibit/FED-026
Ex. FED-027	CDC No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (CDC Director)	Mar. 14, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (CDC Director), CDC No Sail Order and Suspension of Further Embarkation (Mar. 14, 2020) (Ex. FED-027)	/library/FED-027	/exhibit/FED-027
Ex. FED-028	No Sail Order; Notice of Modification and Extension (Apr. 9, 2020)	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Apr. 9, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, No Sail Order; Notice of Modification and Extension (Apr. 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-028)	/library/FED-028	/exhibit/FED-028
Ex. FED-029	No Sail Order; Second Modification and Extension (July 16, 2020)	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	July 16, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, No Sail Order; Second Modification and Extension (July 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-029)	/library/FED-029	/exhibit/FED-029
Ex. FED-030	No Sail Order; Third Modification and Extension (Sept. 30, 2020)	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Sept. 30, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, No Sail Order; Third Modification and Extension (Sept. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-030)	/library/FED-030	/exhibit/FED-030
Ex. FED-031	CDC Framework for Conditional Sailing Order	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Oct. 30, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Framework for Conditional Sailing Order (Oct. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-031)	/library/FED-031	/exhibit/FED-031
Ex. FED-032	Notice: Conditional Sailing Order Technical Instructions and Operations Manual	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	May 5, 2021	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, Notice: Conditional Sailing Order Technical Instructions and Operations Manual (May 5, 2021) (Ex. FED-032)	/library/FED-032	/exhibit/FED-032
Ex. FED-034	CDC Order Suspending Introduction of Certain Persons From Countries Where a Communicable Disease Exists (the 'Title 42 order')	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (CDC Director)	Mar. 20, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (CDC Director), CDC Order Suspending Introduction of Certain Persons From Countries Where a Communicable Disease Exists (the 'Title 42 order') (Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-034)	/library/FED-034	/exhibit/FED-034
Ex. FED-036	Amendment and Extension of Order Suspending Introduction of Certain Persons (May 19, 2020)	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	May 19, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, Amendment and Extension of Order Suspending Introduction of Certain Persons (May 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-036)	/library/FED-036	/exhibit/FED-036
Ex. FED-037	CDC Order Suspending the Right To Introduce Certain Persons From Countries Where a Quarantinable Communicable Disease Exists (Oct. 13, 2020)	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Oct. 13, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order Suspending the Right To Introduce Certain Persons From Countries Where a Quarantinable Communicable Disease Exists (Oct. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-037)	/library/FED-037	/exhibit/FED-037
Ex. FED-038	Public Health Reassessment and Order Suspending the Right To Introduce Certain Persons (Aug. 2, 2021)	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Aug. 2, 2021	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, Public Health Reassessment and Order Suspending the Right To Introduce Certain Persons (Aug. 2, 2021) (Ex. FED-038)	/library/FED-038	/exhibit/FED-038
Ex. FED-039	Interim Final Rule, Control of Communicable Diseases; Foreign Quarantine: Suspension of Introduction of Persons Into United States From Designated Foreign…	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Mar. 20, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, Interim Final Rule, Control of Communicable Diseases; Foreign Quarantine: Suspension of Introduction of Persons Into United States From Designated Foreign Countries or Places for Public Health Purposes (42 C.F.R. § 71.40) (Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-039)	/library/FED-039	/exhibit/FED-039
Ex. FED-040	CDC Order: Requirement for Negative Pre-Departure COVID-19 Test Result for All Airline Passengers Arriving Into the United States From the United Kingdom	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Dec. 25, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order: Requirement for Negative Pre-Departure COVID-19 Test Result for All Airline Passengers Arriving Into the United States From the United Kingdom (Dec. 25, 2020) (Ex. FED-040)	/library/FED-040	/exhibit/FED-040
Ex. FED-041	CDC Order: Requirement for Negative Pre-Departure COVID-19 Test Result or Documentation of Recovery for All Airline or Other Aircraft Passengers Arriving Into…	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Jan. 12, 2021	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, CDC Order: Requirement for Negative Pre-Departure COVID-19 Test Result or Documentation of Recovery for All Airline or Other Aircraft Passengers Arriving Into the United States From Any Foreign Country (Jan. 12, 2021) (Ex. FED-041)	/library/FED-041	/exhibit/FED-041
Ex. FED-042	CDC Amended Order: Requirement for Negative Pre-Departure COVID-19 Test Result or Documentation of Recovery From COVID-19 for All Airline or Other Aircraft…	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (signed Jan. 25, 2021 by the Acting CDC Chief of Staff; dated Jan. 26, 2021)	Jan. 25, 2021	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS (signed Jan. 25, 2021 by the Acting CDC Chief of Staff; dated Jan. 26, 2021), CDC Amended Order: Requirement for Negative Pre-Departure COVID-19 Test Result or Documentation of Recovery From COVID-19 for All Airline or Other Aircraft Passengers Arriving Into the United States From Any Foreign Country (Jan. 25, 2021) (Ex. FED-042)	/library/FED-042	/exhibit/FED-042
Ex. FED-048	Final Rule, Control of Communicable Diseases; Foreign Quarantine: Suspension of the Right To Introduce and Prohibition of Introduction of Persons Into United…	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS	Sept. 11, 2020	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HHS, Final Rule, Control of Communicable Diseases; Foreign Quarantine: Suspension of the Right To Introduce and Prohibition of Introduction of Persons Into United States From Designated Foreign Countries or Places for Public Health Purposes (42 C.F.R. § 71.40) (Sept. 11, 2020) (Ex. FED-048)	/library/FED-048	/exhibit/FED-048
Ex. FED-050	TSA Security Directives SD 1582/84-21-01, -01A, -01B (surface transportation; Jan. 31, Apr. 30, Aug. 20, 2021); SD 1544-21-02 (aircraft operators) and SD…	Transportation Security Administration, DHS (Senior Official Performing the Duties of the Administrator)	Jan. 31, 2021	Transportation Security Administration, DHS (Senior Official Performing the Duties of the Administrator), TSA Security Directives SD 1582/84-21-01, -01A, -01B (surface transportation; Jan. 31, Apr. 30, Aug. 20, 2021); SD 1544-21-02 (aircraft operators) and SD 1542-21-01 (airports) (Jan. 31, 2021); ratification 86 Fed. Reg. 26825 (Ex. FED-050)	/library/FED-050	/exhibit/FED-050
Ex. FED-051	Security Directive SD 1582/84-21-01A, Security Measures - Mask Requirements	Transportation Security Administration, DHS	Apr. 30, 2021	Transportation Security Administration, DHS, Security Directive SD 1582/84-21-01A, Security Measures - Mask Requirements (Apr. 30, 2021) (Ex. FED-051)	/library/FED-051	/exhibit/FED-051
Ex. FED-052	Security Directive SD 1582/84-21-01B, Security Measures - Mask Requirements	Transportation Security Administration, DHS	Aug. 20, 2021	Transportation Security Administration, DHS, Security Directive SD 1582/84-21-01B, Security Measures - Mask Requirements (Aug. 20, 2021) (Ex. FED-052)	/library/FED-052	/exhibit/FED-052
Ex. FED-053	TSA Security Directives SD 1582/84-21-01, -01A, -01B (surface transportation; Jan. 31, Apr. 30, Aug. 20, 2021); SD 1544-21-02 (aircraft operators) and SD…	Transportation Security Administration, DHS	Jan. 31, 2021	Transportation Security Administration, DHS, TSA Security Directives SD 1582/84-21-01, -01A, -01B (surface transportation; Jan. 31, Apr. 30, Aug. 20, 2021); SD 1544-21-02 (aircraft operators) and SD 1542-21-01 (airports) (Jan. 31, 2021); ratification 86 Fed. Reg. 26825 (Ex. FED-053)	/library/FED-053	/exhibit/FED-053
Ex. FED-055	Emergency Amendment EA 1546-21-01, Security Measures - Face Masks (foreign air carriers)	Transportation Security Administration, DHS	Jan. 31, 2021	Transportation Security Administration, DHS, Emergency Amendment EA 1546-21-01, Security Measures - Face Masks (foreign air carriers) (Jan. 31, 2021) (Ex. FED-055)	/library/FED-055	/exhibit/FED-055
Ex. FED-056	Notification of Ratification of Security Directives and Emergency Amendment (TSA SD 1542-21-01, SD 1544-21-02, EA 1546-21-01)	Department of Homeland Security, Office of Strategy, Policy, and Plans; Transportation Security Oversight Board	Apr. 20, 2021	Department of Homeland Security, Office of Strategy, Policy, and Plans; Transportation Security Oversight Board, Notification of Ratification of Security Directives and Emergency Amendment (TSA SD 1542-21-01, SD 1544-21-02, EA 1546-21-01) (Apr. 20, 2021) (Ex. FED-056)	/library/FED-056	/exhibit/FED-056
Ex. FED-057	Determination of a National Emergency Requiring Actions To Protect the Safety of Americans Using and Employed by the Transportation System (Jan. 27, 2021)	Acting Secretary of Homeland Security David P. Pekoske	Jan. 27, 2021	Acting Secretary of Homeland Security David P. Pekoske, Determination of a National Emergency Requiring Actions To Protect the Safety of Americans Using and Employed by the Transportation System (Jan. 27, 2021) (Ex. FED-057)	/library/FED-057	/exhibit/FED-057
Ex. FED-060	Executive Order 13991	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Jan. 20, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Executive Order 13991 (Jan. 20, 2021) (Ex. FED-060)	/library/FED-060	/exhibit/FED-060
Ex. FED-061	Executive Order 13998	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Jan. 21, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Executive Order 13998 (Jan. 21, 2021) (Ex. FED-061)	/library/FED-061	/exhibit/FED-061
Ex. FED-062	Executive Order 13999	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Jan. 21, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Executive Order 13999 (Jan. 21, 2021) (Ex. FED-062)	/library/FED-062	/exhibit/FED-062
Ex. FED-063	Executive Order 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 50985 (Sept. 9, 2021); Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Guidance for Federal Contractors and…	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Sept. 9, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Executive Order 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 50985 (Sept. 9, 2021); Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Guidance for Federal Contractors and Subcontractors (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB determination (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB M-21-15, M-21-25 and Model Safety Principles (Ex. FED-063)	/library/FED-063	/exhibit/FED-063
Ex. FED-064	Executive Order 14043	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Sept. 9, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Executive Order 14043 (Sept. 9, 2021) (Ex. FED-064)	/library/FED-064	/exhibit/FED-064
Ex. FED-066	Executive Order 13945	President Donald J. Trump	Aug. 8, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Executive Order 13945 (Aug. 8, 2020) (Ex. FED-066)	/library/FED-066	/exhibit/FED-066
Ex. FED-070	Executive Order 13909	President Donald J. Trump	Mar. 18, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Executive Order 13909 (Mar. 18, 2020) (Ex. FED-070)	/library/FED-070	/exhibit/FED-070
Ex. FED-073	Executive Order 13917, Delegating Authority Under the Defense Production Act With Respect to Food Supply Chain Resources, 85 Fed. Reg. 26313 (Apr. 28, 2020)	President Donald J. Trump	Apr. 28, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Executive Order 13917, Delegating Authority Under the Defense Production Act With Respect to Food Supply Chain Resources, 85 Fed. Reg. 26313 (Apr. 28, 2020) (Ex. FED-073)	/library/FED-073	/exhibit/FED-073
Ex. FED-074	Notice of Designation of Scarce Materials or Threatened Materials Subject to COVID-19 Hoarding Prevention Measures	Secretary of Health and Human Services	Mar. 25, 2020	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Notice of Designation of Scarce Materials or Threatened Materials Subject to COVID-19 Hoarding Prevention Measures (Mar. 25, 2020) (Ex. FED-074)	/library/FED-074	/exhibit/FED-074
Ex. FED-075	Temporary Final Rule, Prioritization and Allocation of Certain Scarce or Threatened Health and Medical Resources for Domestic Use	Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS	Apr. 7, 2020	Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS, Temporary Final Rule, Prioritization and Allocation of Certain Scarce or Threatened Health and Medical Resources for Domestic Use (Apr. 7, 2020) (Ex. FED-075)	/library/FED-075	/exhibit/FED-075
Ex. FED-076	Notification of Exemptions to the PPE allocation rule	Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS	Apr. 17, 2020	Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS, Notification of Exemptions to the PPE allocation rule (Apr. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-076)	/library/FED-076	/exhibit/FED-076
Ex. FED-077	Temporary Final Rule extending and modifying the PPE allocation rule (Aug. 10, 2020)	Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS	Aug. 10, 2020	Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS, Temporary Final Rule extending and modifying the PPE allocation rule (Aug. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-077)	/library/FED-077	/exhibit/FED-077
Ex. FED-078	Temporary Final Rule extending and modifying the PPE allocation rule (Dec. 31, 2020)	Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS	Dec. 31, 2020	Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS, Temporary Final Rule extending and modifying the PPE allocation rule (Dec. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-078)	/library/FED-078	/exhibit/FED-078
Ex. FED-080	Occupational Exposure to COVID-19; Emergency Temporary Standard, 29 C.F.R. 1910.502, 86 Fed. Reg. 32376 (June 21, 2021)	Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor	June 21, 2021	Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Exposure to COVID-19; Emergency Temporary Standard, 29 C.F.R. 1910.502, 86 Fed. Reg. 32376 (June 21, 2021) (Ex. FED-080)	/library/FED-080	/exhibit/FED-080
Ex. FED-081	DIR 2021-02 (CPL 02), Inspection Procedures for the COVID-19 ETS (June 28, 2021)	OSHA, Directorate of Enforcement Programs	June 28, 2021	OSHA, Directorate of Enforcement Programs, DIR 2021-02 (CPL 02), Inspection Procedures for the COVID-19 ETS (June 28, 2021) (Ex. FED-081)	/library/FED-081	/exhibit/FED-081
Ex. FED-082	DIR 2021-01 (CPL 03), National Emphasis Program - COVID-19 (Mar. 12, 2021)	OSHA, Directorate of Enforcement Programs	Mar. 12, 2021	OSHA, Directorate of Enforcement Programs, DIR 2021-01 (CPL 03), National Emphasis Program - COVID-19 (Mar. 12, 2021) (Ex. FED-082)	/library/FED-082	/exhibit/FED-082
Ex. FED-083	DIR 2021-03 (CPL 03), Revised National Emphasis Program - COVID-19 (July 7, 2021)	OSHA, Directorate of Enforcement Programs	July 7, 2021	OSHA, Directorate of Enforcement Programs, DIR 2021-03 (CPL 03), Revised National Emphasis Program - COVID-19 (July 7, 2021) (Ex. FED-083)	/library/FED-083	/exhibit/FED-083
Ex. FED-084	Updated Interim Enforcement Response Plans (Mar. 12, 2021; July 7, 2021)	OSHA (memorandum for Regional Administrators and State Plan Designees)	July 7, 2021	OSHA (memorandum for Regional Administrators and State Plan Designees), Updated Interim Enforcement Response Plans (Mar. 12, 2021; July 7, 2021) (Ex. FED-084)	/library/FED-084	/exhibit/FED-084
Ex. FED-088	Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for COVID-19 (OSHA 3990-03 2020)	OSHA, U.S. Department of Labor	Mar. 9, 2020	OSHA, U.S. Department of Labor, Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for COVID-19 (OSHA 3990-03 2020) (Mar. 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-088)	/library/FED-088	/exhibit/FED-088
Ex. FED-090	CMS-1744-IFC, Medicare and Medicaid Programs; Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (interim final rule with…	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS	Mar. 30, 2020	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, CMS-1744-IFC, Medicare and Medicaid Programs; Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (interim final rule with comment period) (Mar. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-090)	/library/FED-090	/exhibit/FED-090
Ex. FED-091	CMS-5531-IFC, Additional Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (interim final rule)	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS	May 1, 2020	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, CMS-5531-IFC, Additional Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (interim final rule) (May 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-091)	/library/FED-091	/exhibit/FED-091
Ex. FED-092	CMS-3401-IFC, 85 Fed. Reg. 54820 (Sept. 2, 2020) (42 C.F.R. 483.80(h) testing; 482.42(e) hospital reporting) and QSO-20-38-NH (Aug. 26, 2020; revised through…	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS	Sept. 2, 2020	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, CMS-3401-IFC, 85 Fed. Reg. 54820 (Sept. 2, 2020) (42 C.F.R. 483.80(h) testing; 482.42(e) hospital reporting) and QSO-20-38-NH (Aug. 26, 2020; revised through Sept. 23, 2022) (Ex. FED-092)	/library/FED-092	/exhibit/FED-092
Ex. FED-093	CMS-9912-IFC, Additional Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (interim final rule): 42 C.F.R. § 433.400 (FMAP…	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS (with Treasury and Labor)	Nov. 2, 2020	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS (with Treasury and Labor), CMS-9912-IFC, Additional Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (interim final rule): 42 C.F.R. § 433.400 (FMAP maintenance-of-effort conditions); vaccine coverage (Nov. 2, 2020) (Ex. FED-093)	/library/FED-093	/exhibit/FED-093
Ex. FED-094	CMS-3414-IFC, 86 Fed. Reg. 26306 (May 13, 2021) (42 C.F.R. 483.80(d)(3)) and QSO-21-19-NH	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS	May 13, 2021	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, CMS-3414-IFC, 86 Fed. Reg. 26306 (May 13, 2021) (42 C.F.R. 483.80(d)(3)) and QSO-21-19-NH (Ex. FED-094)	/library/FED-094	/exhibit/FED-094
Ex. FED-096	CMS QSO-20-13-Hospitals (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-14-NH (Mar. 13, 2020), QSO-20-18-HHA (Mar. 10, 2020)	CMS, Center for Clinical Standards and Quality / Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	Mar. 4, 2020	CMS, Center for Clinical Standards and Quality / Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-13-Hospitals (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-14-NH (Mar. 13, 2020), QSO-20-18-HHA (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-096)	/library/FED-096	/exhibit/FED-096
Ex. FED-097	QSO-20-14-NH, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Nursing Homes (Mar. 9, 2020; REVISED Mar. 13, 2020)	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	Mar. 13, 2020	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-14-NH, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Nursing Homes (Mar. 9, 2020; REVISED Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-097)	/library/FED-097	/exhibit/FED-097
Ex. FED-098	QSO-20-18-HHA, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention Concerning Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Home Health Agencies (HHAs)	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	Mar. 10, 2020	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-18-HHA, Guidance for Infection Control and Prevention Concerning Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Home Health Agencies (HHAs) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-098)	/library/FED-098	/exhibit/FED-098
Ex. FED-099	CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020)	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	Mar. 23, 2020	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-099)	/library/FED-099	/exhibit/FED-099
Ex. FED-100	FEMA-4503-DR, Major Disaster Declaration for Alabama (COVID-19 Pandemic)	President Donald J. Trump (major disaster declaration); Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS (notice)	Mar. 29, 2020	President Donald J. Trump (major disaster declaration); Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS (notice), FEMA-4503-DR, Major Disaster Declaration for Alabama (COVID-19 Pandemic) (Mar. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-100)	/library/FED-100	/exhibit/FED-100
Ex. FED-132	FEMA-4480-DR, Major Disaster Declaration for New York (COVID-19 Pandemic)	President Donald J. Trump (major disaster declaration); Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS (notice)	Mar. 20, 2020	President Donald J. Trump (major disaster declaration); Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS (notice), FEMA-4480-DR, Major Disaster Declaration for New York (COVID-19 Pandemic) (Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-132)	/library/FED-132	/exhibit/FED-132
Ex. FED-150	FEMA-4535-DR, Major Disaster Declaration for Wyoming (COVID-19 Pandemic)	President Donald J. Trump (major disaster declaration); Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS (notice)	Apr. 11, 2020	President Donald J. Trump (major disaster declaration); Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS (notice), FEMA-4535-DR, Major Disaster Declaration for Wyoming (COVID-19 Pandemic) (Apr. 11, 2020) (Ex. FED-150)	/library/FED-150	/exhibit/FED-150
Ex. FED-154	QSO-20-39-NH, Nursing Home Visitation - COVID-19 (original, Sept. 17, 2020)	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	Sept. 17, 2020	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-39-NH, Nursing Home Visitation - COVID-19 (original, Sept. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-154)	/library/FED-154	/exhibit/FED-154
Ex. FED-155	QSO-20-39-NH REVISED Mar. 10, 2021, Nursing Home Visitation - COVID-19	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	Mar. 10, 2021	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-39-NH REVISED Mar. 10, 2021, Nursing Home Visitation - COVID-19 (Ex. FED-155)	/library/FED-155	/exhibit/FED-155
Ex. FED-156	QSO-20-39-NH REVISED Apr. 27, 2021, Nursing Home Visitation - COVID-19 (the text in force throughout 2021Q3)	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	Apr. 27, 2021	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-39-NH REVISED Apr. 27, 2021, Nursing Home Visitation - COVID-19 (the text in force throughout 2021Q3) (Ex. FED-156)	/library/FED-156	/exhibit/FED-156
Ex. FED-157	QSO-20-30-NH, Nursing Home Reopening Recommendations for State and Local Officials (May 18, 2020; REVISED Mar. 10, 2021; expired Mar. 10, 2021)	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	May 18, 2020	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-30-NH, Nursing Home Reopening Recommendations for State and Local Officials (May 18, 2020; REVISED Mar. 10, 2021; expired Mar. 10, 2021) (Ex. FED-157)	/library/FED-157	/exhibit/FED-157
Ex. FED-158	CMS, Non-Emergent, Elective Medical Services, and Treatment Recommendations (Apr. 7, 2020) (tiered framework; supplements the Adult Elective Surgery and…	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS	Apr. 7, 2020	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, CMS, Non-Emergent, Elective Medical Services, and Treatment Recommendations (Apr. 7, 2020) (tiered framework; supplements the Adult Elective Surgery and Procedures Recommendations of Mar. 18, 2020) (Ex. FED-158)	/library/FED-158	/exhibit/FED-158
Ex. FED-159	CMS Recommendations, Re-opening Facilities to Provide Non-emergent Non-COVID-19 Healthcare: Phase I (Apr. 19, 2020)	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS	Apr. 19, 2020	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, CMS Recommendations, Re-opening Facilities to Provide Non-emergent Non-COVID-19 Healthcare: Phase I (Apr. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-159)	/library/FED-159	/exhibit/FED-159
Ex. FED-160	COVID-19 Emergency Declaration Blanket Waivers for Health Care Providers (consolidated document; version updated May 24, 2021)	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS	Mar. 13, 2020	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, HHS, COVID-19 Emergency Declaration Blanket Waivers for Health Care Providers (consolidated document; version updated May 24, 2021) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-160)	/library/FED-160	/exhibit/FED-160
Ex. FED-161	QSO-20-29-NH and CMS-5531-IFC, 85 Fed. Reg. 27550 (May 8, 2020): 42 C.F.R. 483.80(g) reporting	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	May 6, 2020	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, QSO-20-29-NH and CMS-5531-IFC, 85 Fed. Reg. 27550 (May 8, 2020): 42 C.F.R. 483.80(g) reporting (May 6, 2020) (Ex. FED-161)	/library/FED-161	/exhibit/FED-161
Ex. FED-163	CMS-3414-IFC, 86 Fed. Reg. 26306 (May 13, 2021) (42 C.F.R. 483.80(d)(3)) and QSO-21-19-NH	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	May 11, 2021	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS-3414-IFC, 86 Fed. Reg. 26306 (May 13, 2021) (42 C.F.R. 483.80(d)(3)) and QSO-21-19-NH (May 11, 2021) (Ex. FED-163)	/library/FED-163	/exhibit/FED-163
Ex. FED-164	CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020)	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	Mar. 4, 2020	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-164)	/library/FED-164	/exhibit/FED-164
Ex. FED-165	CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020)	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	June 1, 2020	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-165)	/library/FED-165	/exhibit/FED-165
Ex. FED-166	CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020)	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	Aug. 17, 2020	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS QSO-20-12-All (Mar. 4, 2020), QSO-20-20-All (Mar. 23, 2020), QSO-20-31-All (June 1, 2020), QSO-20-35-ALL (Aug. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-166)	/library/FED-166	/exhibit/FED-166
Ex. FED-168	CMS-3401-IFC, 85 Fed. Reg. 54820 (Sept. 2, 2020) (42 C.F.R. 483.80(h) testing; 482.42(e) hospital reporting) and QSO-20-38-NH (Aug. 26, 2020; revised through…	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group	Aug. 26, 2020	CMS, Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, CMS-3401-IFC, 85 Fed. Reg. 54820 (Sept. 2, 2020) (42 C.F.R. 483.80(h) testing; 482.42(e) hospital reporting) and QSO-20-38-NH (Aug. 26, 2020; revised through Sept. 23, 2022) (Ex. FED-168)	/library/FED-168	/exhibit/FED-168
Ex. FED-170	Families First Coronavirus Response Act, Pub. L. 116-127, 134 Stat. 178 (Mar. 18, 2020): Division C (Emergency Family and Medical Leave Expansion Act, §§…	Congress (Pub. L. 116-127); approved by the President	Mar. 18, 2020	Congress (Pub. L. 116-127); approved by the President, Families First Coronavirus Response Act, Pub. L. 116-127, 134 Stat. 178 (Mar. 18, 2020): Division C (Emergency Family and Medical Leave Expansion Act, §§ 3101-3106) and Division E (Emergency Paid Sick Leave Act, §§ 5101-5111); Division G (§§ 7001-7005, payroll tax credits); § 6008 (Medicaid FMAP conditions) (Ex. FED-170)	/library/FED-170	/exhibit/FED-170
Ex. FED-171	Temporary Rule, Paid Leave Under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, 29 C.F.R. part 826	Wage and Hour Division, U.S. Department of Labor	Apr. 1, 2020	Wage and Hour Division, U.S. Department of Labor, Temporary Rule, Paid Leave Under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, 29 C.F.R. part 826 (Apr. 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-171)	/library/FED-171	/exhibit/FED-171
Ex. FED-172	Revised Temporary Rule, Paid Leave Under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, 29 C.F.R. part 826 (after New York v. U.S. Dep't of Labor)	Wage and Hour Division, U.S. Department of Labor	Sept. 11, 2020	Wage and Hour Division, U.S. Department of Labor, Revised Temporary Rule, Paid Leave Under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, 29 C.F.R. part 826 (after New York v. U.S. Dep't of Labor) (Sept. 11, 2020) (Ex. FED-172)	/library/FED-172	/exhibit/FED-172
Ex. FED-173	Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, Pub. L. 116-260, div. N, tit. II, subtit. B, § 286 (Extension of Credits for Paid Sick and Family Leave); div. N, § 502…	Congress (Pub. L. 116-260)	Dec. 27, 2020	Congress (Pub. L. 116-260), Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, Pub. L. 116-260, div. N, tit. II, subtit. B, § 286 (Extension of Credits for Paid Sick and Family Leave); div. N, § 502 (extension of the CDC eviction moratorium to Jan. 31, 2021); div. EE, §§ 206-207 (ERC amendments) (Dec. 27, 2020) (Ex. FED-173)	/library/FED-173	/exhibit/FED-173
Ex. FED-174	American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, Pub. L. 117-2, 135 Stat. 4 (Mar. 11, 2021): § 9651 (I.R.C. § 3134, ERC for Q3-Q4 2021); § 9641 (I.R.C. §§ 3131-3133, voluntary…	Congress (Pub. L. 117-2); approved by the President	Mar. 11, 2021	Congress (Pub. L. 117-2); approved by the President, American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, Pub. L. 117-2, 135 Stat. 4 (Mar. 11, 2021): § 9651 (I.R.C. § 3134, ERC for Q3-Q4 2021); § 9641 (I.R.C. §§ 3131-3133, voluntary paid leave credits Apr. 1 - Sept. 30, 2021); § 9817 (HCBS FMAP increase) (Ex. FED-174)	/library/FED-174	/exhibit/FED-174
Ex. FED-180	Declaration Under the PREP Act for Medical Countermeasures Against COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 15198 (Mar. 17, 2020; effective Feb. 4, 2020)	Secretary of Health and Human Services	Mar. 10, 2020	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Declaration Under the PREP Act for Medical Countermeasures Against COVID-19, 85 Fed. Reg. 15198 (Mar. 17, 2020; effective Feb. 4, 2020) (Mar. 10, 2020) (Ex. FED-180)	/library/FED-180	/exhibit/FED-180
Ex. FED-181	Determination of Public Health Emergency and Declaration that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for…	Secretary of Health and Human Services	Feb. 4, 2020	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Determination of Public Health Emergency and Declaration that circumstances exist justifying the authorization of emergency use of in vitro diagnostics for 2019-nCoV (Feb. 4, 2020) (Ex. FED-181)	/library/FED-181	/exhibit/FED-181
Ex. FED-182	Emergency Use Declaration: personal respiratory protective devices	Secretary of Health and Human Services	Mar. 2, 2020	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Emergency Use Declaration: personal respiratory protective devices (Mar. 2, 2020) (Ex. FED-182)	/library/FED-182	/exhibit/FED-182
Ex. FED-184	Emergency Use Authorization Declaration: drugs and biological products	Secretary of Health and Human Services	Mar. 27, 2020	Secretary of Health and Human Services, Emergency Use Authorization Declaration: drugs and biological products (Mar. 27, 2020) (Ex. FED-184)	/library/FED-184	/exhibit/FED-184
Ex. FED-185	Emergency Use Authorization letter: Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (Dec. 11, 2020; reissued and amended thereafter)	Food and Drug Administration, HHS (Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research)	Dec. 11, 2020	Food and Drug Administration, HHS (Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research), Emergency Use Authorization letter: Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine (Dec. 11, 2020; reissued and amended thereafter) (Ex. FED-185)	/library/FED-185	/exhibit/FED-185
Ex. FED-186	Emergency Use Authorization letter: Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine (Dec. 18, 2020; reissued thereafter)	Food and Drug Administration, HHS	Dec. 18, 2020	Food and Drug Administration, HHS, Emergency Use Authorization letter: Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine (Dec. 18, 2020; reissued thereafter) (Ex. FED-186)	/library/FED-186	/exhibit/FED-186
Ex. FED-187	Emergency Use Authorization letter: Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine (Feb. 27, 2021; reissued thereafter; revoked June 1, 2023)	Food and Drug Administration, HHS	Feb. 27, 2021	Food and Drug Administration, HHS, Emergency Use Authorization letter: Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine (Feb. 27, 2021; reissued thereafter; revoked June 1, 2023) (Ex. FED-187)	/library/FED-187	/exhibit/FED-187
Ex. FED-190	The President's Coronavirus Guidelines for America: 15 Days to Slow the Spread	The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force (with CDC)	Mar. 16, 2020	The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force (with CDC), The President's Coronavirus Guidelines for America: 15 Days to Slow the Spread (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-190)	/library/FED-190	/exhibit/FED-190
Ex. FED-191	30 Days to Slow the Spread (extension of the March 16 guidelines through April 30, 2020)	The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force	Mar. 31, 2020	The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force, 30 Days to Slow the Spread (extension of the March 16 guidelines through April 30, 2020) (Mar. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-191)	/library/FED-191	/exhibit/FED-191
Ex. FED-192	Guidelines for Opening Up America Again (Apr. 16, 2020)	The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force	Apr. 16, 2020	The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force, Guidelines for Opening Up America Again (Apr. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-192)	/library/FED-192	/exhibit/FED-192
Ex. FED-194	Notification of Enforcement Discretion for Telehealth Remote Communications During the COVID-19 Nationwide Public Health Emergency	HHS Office for Civil Rights	Mar. 17, 2020	HHS Office for Civil Rights, Notification of Enforcement Discretion for Telehealth Remote Communications During the COVID-19 Nationwide Public Health Emergency (Mar. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-194)	/library/FED-194	/exhibit/FED-194
Ex. FED-200	Proclamation 9984	President Donald J. Trump	Jan. 31, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9984 (Jan. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-200)	/library/FED-200	/exhibit/FED-200
Ex. FED-201	Proclamation 9992	President Donald J. Trump	Feb. 29, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9992 (Feb. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-201)	/library/FED-201	/exhibit/FED-201
Ex. FED-202	Proclamation 9993	President Donald J. Trump	Mar. 11, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9993 (Mar. 11, 2020) (Ex. FED-202)	/library/FED-202	/exhibit/FED-202
Ex. FED-203	Proclamation 9996	President Donald J. Trump	Mar. 14, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 9996 (Mar. 14, 2020) (Ex. FED-203)	/library/FED-203	/exhibit/FED-203
Ex. FED-204	Proclamation 10041	President Donald J. Trump	May 24, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 10041 (May 24, 2020) (Ex. FED-204)	/library/FED-204	/exhibit/FED-204
Ex. FED-207	Proclamation 10143	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Jan. 25, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Proclamation 10143 (Jan. 25, 2021) (Ex. FED-207)	/library/FED-207	/exhibit/FED-207
Ex. FED-208	Proclamation 10199	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Apr. 30, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Proclamation 10199 (Apr. 30, 2021) (Ex. FED-208)	/library/FED-208	/exhibit/FED-208
Ex. FED-209	Proclamation 10294	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Oct. 25, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Proclamation 10294 (Oct. 25, 2021) (Ex. FED-209)	/library/FED-209	/exhibit/FED-209
Ex. FED-210	Proclamation 10014	President Donald J. Trump	Apr. 22, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 10014 (Apr. 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-210)	/library/FED-210	/exhibit/FED-210
Ex. FED-211	Proclamation 10052	President Donald J. Trump	June 22, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 10052 (June 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-211)	/library/FED-211	/exhibit/FED-211
Ex. FED-212	Proclamation 10054	President Donald J. Trump	June 29, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 10054 (June 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-212)	/library/FED-212	/exhibit/FED-212
Ex. FED-213	Proclamation 10131	President Donald J. Trump	Dec. 31, 2020	President Donald J. Trump, Proclamation 10131 (Dec. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-213)	/library/FED-213	/exhibit/FED-213
Ex. FED-214	Proclamation 10149	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.	Feb. 24, 2021	President Joseph R. Biden, Jr, Proclamation 10149 (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. FED-214)	/library/FED-214	/exhibit/FED-214
Ex. FED-216	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions Applicable to Land Ports of Entry and Ferries Service Between the United States and Canada, 85 Fed. Reg. 16548…	U.S. Department of Homeland Security (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), with U.S. Customs and Border Protection	Mar. 24, 2020	U.S. Department of Homeland Security (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), with U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions Applicable to Land Ports of Entry and Ferries Service Between the United States and Canada, 85 Fed. Reg. 16548 (Mar. 24, 2020) (Ex. FED-216)	/library/FED-216	/exhibit/FED-216
Ex. FED-217	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 85 Fed. Reg. 22352 (Apr. 22, 2020)	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf)	Apr. 22, 2020	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 85 Fed. Reg. 22352 (Apr. 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-217)	/library/FED-217	/exhibit/FED-217
Ex. FED-219	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 85 Fed. Reg. 37744 (June 24, 2020)	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf)	June 24, 2020	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 85 Fed. Reg. 37744 (June 24, 2020) (Ex. FED-219)	/library/FED-219	/exhibit/FED-219
Ex. FED-222	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 85 Fed. Reg. 59670 (Sept. 23, 2020)	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf)	Sept. 23, 2020	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 85 Fed. Reg. 59670 (Sept. 23, 2020) (Ex. FED-222)	/library/FED-222	/exhibit/FED-222
Ex. FED-225	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 85 Fed. Reg. 83432 (Dec. 22, 2020)	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf)	Dec. 22, 2020	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 85 Fed. Reg. 83432 (Dec. 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-225)	/library/FED-225	/exhibit/FED-225
Ex. FED-226	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada); Correction, 86 Fed. Reg. 4967 (Jan. 19, 2021)	DHS	Jan. 19, 2021	DHS, Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada); Correction, 86 Fed. Reg. 4967 (Jan. 19, 2021) (Ex. FED-226)	/library/FED-226	/exhibit/FED-226
Ex. FED-229	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 86 Fed. Reg. 14812 (Mar. 19, 2021)	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas)	Mar. 19, 2021	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 86 Fed. Reg. 14812 (Mar. 19, 2021) (Ex. FED-229)	/library/FED-229	/exhibit/FED-229
Ex. FED-232	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 86 Fed. Reg. 32764 (June 23, 2021)	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas)	June 23, 2021	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 86 Fed. Reg. 32764 (June 23, 2021) (Ex. FED-232)	/library/FED-232	/exhibit/FED-232
Ex. FED-235	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 86 Fed. Reg. 52609 (Sept. 22, 2021)	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas)	Sept. 22, 2021	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Canada), 86 Fed. Reg. 52609 (Sept. 22, 2021) (Ex. FED-235)	/library/FED-235	/exhibit/FED-235
Ex. FED-239	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions Applicable to Land Ports of Entry and Ferries Service Between the United States and Mexico, 85 Fed. Reg. 16547…	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), with CBP	Mar. 24, 2020	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), with CBP, Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions Applicable to Land Ports of Entry and Ferries Service Between the United States and Mexico, 85 Fed. Reg. 16547 (Mar. 24, 2020) (Ex. FED-239)	/library/FED-239	/exhibit/FED-239
Ex. FED-240	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 85 Fed. Reg. 22353 (Apr. 22, 2020)	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf)	Apr. 22, 2020	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 85 Fed. Reg. 22353 (Apr. 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-240)	/library/FED-240	/exhibit/FED-240
Ex. FED-242	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 85 Fed. Reg. 37745 (June 24, 2020)	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf)	June 24, 2020	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 85 Fed. Reg. 37745 (June 24, 2020) (Ex. FED-242)	/library/FED-242	/exhibit/FED-242
Ex. FED-245	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 85 Fed. Reg. 59669 (Sept. 23, 2020)	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf)	Sept. 23, 2020	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 85 Fed. Reg. 59669 (Sept. 23, 2020) (Ex. FED-245)	/library/FED-245	/exhibit/FED-245
Ex. FED-248	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 85 Fed. Reg. 83433 (Dec. 22, 2020)	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf)	Dec. 22, 2020	DHS (Acting Secretary Chad F. Wolf), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 85 Fed. Reg. 83433 (Dec. 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-248)	/library/FED-248	/exhibit/FED-248
Ex. FED-249	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico); Correction, 86 Fed. Reg. 4967 (Jan. 19, 2021)	DHS	Jan. 19, 2021	DHS, Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico); Correction, 86 Fed. Reg. 4967 (Jan. 19, 2021) (Ex. FED-249)	/library/FED-249	/exhibit/FED-249
Ex. FED-252	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 86 Fed. Reg. 14813 (Mar. 19, 2021)	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas)	Mar. 19, 2021	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 86 Fed. Reg. 14813 (Mar. 19, 2021) (Ex. FED-252)	/library/FED-252	/exhibit/FED-252
Ex. FED-255	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 86 Fed. Reg. 32766 (June 23, 2021)	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas)	June 23, 2021	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 86 Fed. Reg. 32766 (June 23, 2021) (Ex. FED-255)	/library/FED-255	/exhibit/FED-255
Ex. FED-258	Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 86 Fed. Reg. 52611 (Sept. 22, 2021)	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas)	Sept. 22, 2021	DHS (Secretary Alejandro N. Mayorkas), Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions (Mexico), 86 Fed. Reg. 52611 (Sept. 22, 2021) (Ex. FED-258)	/library/FED-258	/exhibit/FED-258
Ex. FED-264	OMB Memorandum M-20-16	Office of Management and Budget (Acting Director Russell T. Vought)	Mar. 17, 2020	Office of Management and Budget (Acting Director Russell T. Vought), OMB Memorandum M-20-16 (Mar. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-264)	/library/FED-264	/exhibit/FED-264
Ex. FED-266	OMB Memorandum M-20-18	Office of Management and Budget (Deputy Director for Management)	Mar. 20, 2020	Office of Management and Budget (Deputy Director for Management), OMB Memorandum M-20-18 (Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-266)	/library/FED-266	/exhibit/FED-266
Ex. FED-268	OMB/OPM Memorandum M-20-23	Office of Management and Budget (Acting Director Russell T. Vought) and Office of Personnel Management (Acting Director Michael J. Rigas)	Apr. 20, 2020	Office of Management and Budget (Acting Director Russell T. Vought) and Office of Personnel Management (Acting Director Michael J. Rigas), OMB/OPM Memorandum M-20-23 (Apr. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-268)	/library/FED-268	/exhibit/FED-268
Ex. FED-270	Executive Order 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 50985 (Sept. 9, 2021); Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Guidance for Federal Contractors and…	Office of Management and Budget (Executive Associate Director Aviva Aron-Dine) with the Safer Federal Workforce Task Force	Jan. 24, 2021	Office of Management and Budget (Executive Associate Director Aviva Aron-Dine) with the Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, Executive Order 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 50985 (Sept. 9, 2021); Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Guidance for Federal Contractors and Subcontractors (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB determination (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB M-21-15, M-21-25 and Model Safety Principles (Jan. 24, 2021) (Ex. FED-270)	/library/FED-270	/exhibit/FED-270
Ex. FED-271	OMB Memorandum M-21-25	Office of Management and Budget, Office of Personnel Management and General Services Administration	June 10, 2021	Office of Management and Budget, Office of Personnel Management and General Services Administration, OMB Memorandum M-21-25 (June 10, 2021) (Ex. FED-271)	/library/FED-271	/exhibit/FED-271
Ex. FED-272	COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Agency Model Safety Principles (revised July 29, 2021), following the OMB memorandum of July 27, 2021 reinstating masks	Safer Federal Workforce Task Force (OPM, GSA, White House COVID-19 Response Coordinator) under Executive Order 13991 § 4, with OMB	July 29, 2021	Safer Federal Workforce Task Force (OPM, GSA, White House COVID-19 Response Coordinator) under Executive Order 13991 § 4, with OMB, COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Agency Model Safety Principles (revised July 29, 2021), following the OMB memorandum of July 27, 2021 reinstating masks (Ex. FED-272)	/library/FED-272	/exhibit/FED-272
Ex. FED-274	Executive Order 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 50985 (Sept. 9, 2021); Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Guidance for Federal Contractors and…	Safer Federal Workforce Task Force; approved by the Director of OMB	Sept. 24, 2021	Safer Federal Workforce Task Force; approved by the Director of OMB, Executive Order 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 50985 (Sept. 9, 2021); Safer Federal Workforce Task Force, COVID-19 Workplace Safety: Guidance for Federal Contractors and Subcontractors (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB determination (Sept. 24, 2021); OMB M-21-15, M-21-25 and Model Safety Principles (Ex. FED-274)	/library/FED-274	/exhibit/FED-274
Ex. FED-275	Determination of the Promotion of Economy and Efficiency in Federal Contracting Pursuant to Executive Order No. 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 53691 (Sept. 28, 2021)	Office of Management and Budget (Acting Director Shalanda D. Young)	Sept. 24, 2021	Office of Management and Budget (Acting Director Shalanda D. Young), Determination of the Promotion of Economy and Efficiency in Federal Contracting Pursuant to Executive Order No. 14042, 86 Fed. Reg. 53691 (Sept. 28, 2021) (Sept. 24, 2021) (Ex. FED-275)	/library/FED-275	/exhibit/FED-275
Ex. FED-278	Certification of Vaccination form (employees, onsite contractors and visitors), August 2021	Safer Federal Workforce Task Force (OMB control number 3206-0277)	Aug. 6, 2021	Safer Federal Workforce Task Force (OMB control number 3206-0277), Certification of Vaccination form (employees, onsite contractors and visitors), August 2021 (Aug. 6, 2021) (Ex. FED-278)	/library/FED-278	/exhibit/FED-278
Ex. FED-279	Order of March 16, 2020 (COVID-19 building access)	United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Order filed by the Clerk, Molly C. Dwyer)	Mar. 16, 2020	United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Order filed by the Clerk, Molly C. Dwyer), Order of March 16, 2020 (COVID-19 building access) (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-279)	/library/FED-279	/exhibit/FED-279
Ex. FED-280	Secretary of Defense Memorandum, Update to Conditions-based Approach to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Personnel Movement and Travel Restrictions	Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III	Mar. 15, 2021	Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III, Secretary of Defense Memorandum, Update to Conditions-based Approach to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Personnel Movement and Travel Restrictions (Mar. 15, 2021) (Ex. FED-280)	/library/FED-280	/exhibit/FED-280
Ex. FED-281	Deputy Secretary of Defense Memorandum, Stop Movement for all Domestic Travel for DoD Components in Response to Coronavirus Disease 2019	Deputy Secretary of Defense David L. Norquist	Mar. 13, 2020	Deputy Secretary of Defense David L. Norquist, Deputy Secretary of Defense Memorandum, Stop Movement for all Domestic Travel for DoD Components in Response to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-281)	/library/FED-281	/exhibit/FED-281
Ex. FED-282	Secretary of Defense Memorandum, Modification and Reissuance of DoD Response to Coronavirus Disease 2019 - Travel Restrictions	Secretary of Defense Mark T. Esper	Apr. 20, 2020	Secretary of Defense Mark T. Esper, Secretary of Defense Memorandum, Modification and Reissuance of DoD Response to Coronavirus Disease 2019 - Travel Restrictions (Apr. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-282)	/library/FED-282	/exhibit/FED-282
Ex. FED-283	Secretary of Defense Memorandum, Transition to Conditions-based Phased Approach to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Personnel Movement and Travel Restrictions (May 22…	Secretary of Defense Mark T. Esper	May 22, 2020	Secretary of Defense Mark T. Esper, Secretary of Defense Memorandum, Transition to Conditions-based Phased Approach to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Personnel Movement and Travel Restrictions (May 22, 2020), updated June 29, 2020 and Oct. 5, 2020 (Ex. FED-283)	/library/FED-283	/exhibit/FED-283
Ex. FED-284	Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-042	Chief Judge Virginia A. Phillips	Mar. 19, 2020	Chief Judge Virginia A. Phillips, Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-042 (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-284)	/library/FED-284	/exhibit/FED-284
Ex. FED-285	Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-078	Chief Judge Philip S. Gutierrez	June 1, 2020	Chief Judge Philip S. Gutierrez, Order of the Chief Judge No. 20-078 (June 1, 2020) (Ex. FED-285)	/library/FED-285	/exhibit/FED-285
Ex. FED-286	General Docket Order 2020-4 (COVID-19; court operations), Mar. 25, 2020	United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (General Docket Order; certified copy issued by the Clerk Mar. 25, 2020)	Mar. 25, 2020	United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (General Docket Order; certified copy issued by the Clerk Mar. 25, 2020), General Docket Order 2020-4 (COVID-19; court operations), Mar. 25, 2020 (Ex. FED-286)	/library/FED-286	/exhibit/FED-286
Ex. FED-287	General Order No. 44 (entrance protocols; COVID-19)	United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit		United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, General Order No. 44 (entrance protocols; COVID-19) (Ex. FED-287)	/library/FED-287	/exhibit/FED-287
Ex. FED-288	General Order 2020-8	Chief Judge Philip A. Brimmer	May 6, 2020	Chief Judge Philip A. Brimmer, General Order 2020-8 (May 6, 2020) (Ex. FED-288)	/library/FED-288	/exhibit/FED-288
Ex. FED-289	General Order 20-10 (court operations under COVID-19, March 2020) and its successors General Orders 20-11 through 20-30 (2020) and 21-11 (June 17, 2021)	Chief Judge G. Murray Snow	June 17, 2021	Chief Judge G. Murray Snow, General Order 20-10 (court operations under COVID-19, March 2020) and its successors General Orders 20-11 through 20-30 (2020) and 21-11 (June 17, 2021) (Ex. FED-289)	/library/FED-289
Ex. FED-290	Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public)	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office)	Mar. 12, 2020	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 12, 2020 (Building closed to the public) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-290)	/library/FED-290
Ex. FED-291	Press release of March 16, 2020 (postponement of the March 2020 argument session)	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office)	Mar. 16, 2020	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of March 16, 2020 (postponement of the March 2020 argument session) (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-291)	/library/FED-291	/exhibit/FED-291
Ex. FED-292	Order of March 19, 2020, 589 U.S. (Order List)	Supreme Court of the United States	Mar. 19, 2020	Supreme Court of the United States, Order of March 19, 2020, 589 U.S. (Order List) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. FED-292)	/library/FED-292	/exhibit/FED-292
Ex. FED-293	Press release of April 3, 2020 (postponement of the April 2020 argument session)	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office)	Apr. 3, 2020	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of April 3, 2020 (postponement of the April 2020 argument session) (Apr. 3, 2020) (Ex. FED-293)	/library/FED-293	/exhibit/FED-293
Ex. FED-294	Press release of April 13, 2020 (telephone arguments in May 2020)	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office)	Apr. 13, 2020	Supreme Court of the United States (Public Information Office), Press release of April 13, 2020 (telephone arguments in May 2020) (Apr. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-294)	/library/FED-294	/exhibit/FED-294
Ex. FED-295	Judicial Conference finding under CARES Act § 15002 that emergency conditions due to the COVID-19 national emergency will materially affect the functioning of…	Judicial Conference of the United States (finding of Mar. 29, 2020), announced by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 29, 2020	Judicial Conference of the United States (finding of Mar. 29, 2020), announced by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on Mar. 31, 2020, Judicial Conference finding under CARES Act § 15002 that emergency conditions due to the COVID-19 national emergency will materially affect the functioning of the federal courts generally (Mar. 29, 2020) (Ex. FED-295)	/library/FED-295	/exhibit/FED-295
Ex. FED-296	Tenth Amended General Order 20-0012	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer	Feb. 12, 2021	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Tenth Amended General Order 20-0012 (Feb. 12, 2021) (Ex. FED-296)	/library/FED-296	/exhibit/FED-296
Ex. FED-297	Amended General Order 21-0006 (May 26, 2021)	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer (Executive Committee)	May 26, 2021	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer (Executive Committee), Amended General Order 21-0006 (May 26, 2021) (Ex. FED-297)	/library/FED-297	/exhibit/FED-297
Ex. FED-298	Amended General Order 21-0006 (Sept. 15, 2021)	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer (Executive Committee)	Sept. 15, 2021	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer (Executive Committee), Amended General Order 21-0006 (Sept. 15, 2021) (Ex. FED-298)	/library/FED-298	/exhibit/FED-298
Ex. FED-299	Third Amended Order Concerning Face Masks/Coverings in Public Areas of Courthouses	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer	July 30, 2021	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Third Amended Order Concerning Face Masks/Coverings in Public Areas of Courthouses (July 30, 2021) (Ex. FED-299)	/library/FED-299	/exhibit/FED-299
Ex. FED-300	General Order 21-0033	Executive Committee and Restart Task Force of the Court (unanimous vote)	Sept. 20, 2021	Executive Committee and Restart Task Force of the Court (unanimous vote), General Order 21-0033 (Sept. 20, 2021) (Ex. FED-300)	/library/FED-300	/exhibit/FED-300
Ex. FED-301	Fifth Amended General Order 20-0022	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer	June 21, 2021	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Fifth Amended General Order 20-0022 (June 21, 2021) (Ex. FED-301)	/library/FED-301	/exhibit/FED-301
Ex. FED-302	Standing Order 20-13	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson	May 22, 2020	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 20-13 (May 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-302)	/library/FED-302	/exhibit/FED-302
Ex. FED-303	Standing Order 20-17	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson	Nov. 25, 2020	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 20-17 (Nov. 25, 2020) (Ex. FED-303)	/library/FED-303	/exhibit/FED-303
Ex. FED-304	Third Extension of Standing Order 20-12	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson	Dec. 17, 2020	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Third Extension of Standing Order 20-12 (Dec. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-304)	/library/FED-304	/exhibit/FED-304
Ex. FED-305	Standing Order 21-02	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson	Mar. 17, 2021	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 21-02 (Mar. 17, 2021) (Ex. FED-305)	/library/FED-305	/exhibit/FED-305
Ex. FED-306	Standing Order 21-04	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson	Mar. 11, 2021	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 21-04 (Mar. 11, 2021) (Ex. FED-306)	/library/FED-306	/exhibit/FED-306
Ex. FED-307	Updated Amended Standing Order 21-04	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson	Sept. 3, 2021	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Updated Amended Standing Order 21-04 (Sept. 3, 2021) (Ex. FED-307)	/library/FED-307	/exhibit/FED-307
Ex. FED-308	Standing Order 21-08	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson	Sept. 13, 2021	Chief Judge Freda L. Wolfson, Standing Order 21-08 (Sept. 13, 2021) (Ex. FED-308)	/library/FED-308	/exhibit/FED-308
Ex. FED-310	Second Amended Standing Order 2020-02	Chief Judge James K. Bredar	Mar. 20, 2020	Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Second Amended Standing Order 2020-02 (Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-310)	/library/FED-310	/exhibit/FED-310
Ex. FED-311	Standing Order 2020-04	Chief Judge James K. Bredar	Mar. 16, 2020	Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Standing Order 2020-04 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-311)	/library/FED-311	/exhibit/FED-311
Ex. FED-312	Standing Order 2020-05	Chief Judge James K. Bredar	Mar. 20, 2020	Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Standing Order 2020-05 (Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-312)	/library/FED-312	/exhibit/FED-312
Ex. FED-313	Amended Standing Order 2021-07	Chief Judge James K. Bredar	June 23, 2021	Chief Judge James K. Bredar, Amended Standing Order 2021-07 (June 23, 2021) (Ex. FED-313)	/library/FED-313	/exhibit/FED-313
Ex. FED-316	Fourth Amendment to General Order 20-01	Chief Judge Thomas W. Thrash, Jr.	July 31, 2020	Chief Judge Thomas W. Thrash, Jr, Fourth Amendment to General Order 20-01 (July 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-316)	/library/FED-316	/exhibit/FED-316
Ex. FED-317	General Order 72	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton	Mar. 16, 2020	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-317)	/library/FED-317	/exhibit/FED-317
Ex. FED-318	General Order 72-2	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton	Apr. 30, 2020	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-2 (Apr. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-318)	/library/FED-318	/exhibit/FED-318
Ex. FED-319	Important Announcement on H2 Visas (Mar. 26, 2020): expanded interview-waiver processing for H-2A and H-2B applicants during the suspension of routine visa…	U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs	Mar. 26, 2020	U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, Important Announcement on H2 Visas (Mar. 26, 2020): expanded interview-waiver processing for H-2A and H-2B applicants during the suspension of routine visa services (Ex. FED-319)	/library/FED-319
Ex. FED-320	Temporary Changes to Requirements Affecting H-2A Nonimmigrants Due to the COVID-19 National Emergency, 85 Fed. Reg. 21739 (Apr. 20, 2020) (temporary final rule)	U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services	Apr. 20, 2020	U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Temporary Changes to Requirements Affecting H-2A Nonimmigrants Due to the COVID-19 National Emergency, 85 Fed. Reg. 21739 (Apr. 20, 2020) (temporary final rule) (Ex. FED-320)	/library/FED-320	/exhibit/FED-320
Ex. FED-321	Temporary Changes to Requirements Affecting H-2B Nonimmigrants Due to the COVID-19 National Emergency, 85 Fed. Reg. 28843 (May 14, 2020) (temporary final rule)	U.S. Department of Homeland Security, USCIS	May 14, 2020	U.S. Department of Homeland Security, USCIS, Temporary Changes to Requirements Affecting H-2B Nonimmigrants Due to the COVID-19 National Emergency, 85 Fed. Reg. 28843 (May 14, 2020) (temporary final rule) (Ex. FED-321)	/library/FED-321	/exhibit/FED-321
Ex. FED-322	Temporary Changes to Requirements Affecting H-2A Nonimmigrants Due To the COVID-19 National Emergency: Partial Extension of Certain Flexibilities, 85 Fed. Reg.…	DHS, USCIS	Aug. 20, 2020	DHS, USCIS, Temporary Changes to Requirements Affecting H-2A Nonimmigrants Due To the COVID-19 National Emergency: Partial Extension of Certain Flexibilities, 85 Fed. Reg. 51304 (Aug. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-322)	/library/FED-322	/exhibit/FED-322
Ex. FED-323	Temporary Changes to Requirements Affecting H-2A Nonimmigrants due to the COVID-19 National Emergency: Extension of Certain Flexibilities, 85 Fed. Reg. 82291…	DHS, USCIS	Dec. 18, 2020	DHS, USCIS, Temporary Changes to Requirements Affecting H-2A Nonimmigrants due to the COVID-19 National Emergency: Extension of Certain Flexibilities, 85 Fed. Reg. 82291 (Dec. 18, 2020) (Ex. FED-323)	/library/FED-323	/exhibit/FED-323
Ex. FED-324	USCIS alert of Mar. 17, 2020: USCIS Temporarily Closing Offices to the Public (Mar. 18 - Apr. 1, 2020), extended to May 3 and then to June 3, 2020	U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services	Mar. 17, 2020	U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, USCIS alert of Mar. 17, 2020: USCIS Temporarily Closing Offices to the Public (Mar. 18 - Apr. 1, 2020), extended to May 3 and then to June 3, 2020 (Ex. FED-324)	/library/FED-324	/exhibit/FED-324
Ex. FED-325	USCIS alert of May 27, 2020: USCIS Preparing to Resume Public Services on June 4	U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services	May 27, 2020	U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, USCIS alert of May 27, 2020: USCIS Preparing to Resume Public Services on June 4 (Ex. FED-325)	/library/FED-325	/exhibit/FED-325
Ex. FED-327	Suspension of Routine Visa Services (announcement of Mar. 18, 2020, last updated Mar. 20, 2020)	U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs	Mar. 20, 2020	U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, Suspension of Routine Visa Services (announcement of Mar. 18, 2020, last updated Mar. 20, 2020) (Ex. FED-327)	/library/FED-327	/exhibit/FED-327
Ex. FED-328	Phased Resumption of Routine Visa Services (announcement of July 14, 2020)	U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs	July 14, 2020	U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs, Phased Resumption of Routine Visa Services (announcement of July 14, 2020) (Ex. FED-328)	/library/FED-328	/exhibit/FED-328
Ex. FED-330	General Order 72-3	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton	May 21, 2020	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-3 (May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-330)	/library/FED-330	/exhibit/FED-330
Ex. FED-331	General Order 72-4	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton	June 24, 2020	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-4 (June 24, 2020) (Ex. FED-331)	/library/FED-331	/exhibit/FED-331
Ex. FED-332	General Order 72-5	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton	July 23, 2020	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-5 (July 23, 2020) (Ex. FED-332)	/library/FED-332	/exhibit/FED-332
Ex. FED-333	General Order 72-6	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton	Sept. 16, 2020	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 72-6 (Sept. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-333)	/library/FED-333	/exhibit/FED-333
Ex. FED-334	General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020)	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton	May 21, 2020	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 73 (Amended May 21, 2020) (Ex. FED-334)	/library/FED-334	/exhibit/FED-334
Ex. FED-335	General Order 75	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton	Mar. 30, 2020	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 75 (Mar. 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-335)	/library/FED-335	/exhibit/FED-335
Ex. FED-336	General Order 77	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton	June 9, 2020	Chief Judge Phyllis J. Hamilton, General Order 77 (June 9, 2020) (Ex. FED-336)	/library/FED-336	/exhibit/FED-336
Ex. FED-337	General Order 78	Chief Judge Richard Seeborg	June 23, 2021	Chief Judge Richard Seeborg, General Order 78 (June 23, 2021) (Ex. FED-337)	/library/FED-337	/exhibit/FED-337
Ex. FED-338	General Order 20-0012 (original)	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer	Mar. 12, 2020	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, General Order 20-0012 (original) (Mar. 12, 2020) (Ex. FED-338)	/library/FED-338	/exhibit/FED-338
Ex. FED-339	Eighth Amended General Order 20-0012	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer	Nov. 13, 2020	Chief Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer, Eighth Amended General Order 20-0012 (Nov. 13, 2020) (Ex. FED-339)	/library/FED-339	/exhibit/FED-339
Ex. FED-340	CARES Act §§ 4022-4024 (foreclosure moratorium and forbearance; multifamily forbearance; temporary moratorium on eviction filings) and § 15002 (video…	Congress (Pub. L. 116-136, signed Mar. 27, 2020)	Mar. 27, 2020	Congress (Pub. L. 116-136, signed Mar. 27, 2020), CARES Act §§ 4022-4024 (foreclosure moratorium and forbearance; multifamily forbearance; temporary moratorium on eviction filings) and § 15002 (video teleconferencing for criminal proceedings) (Mar. 27, 2020) (Ex. FED-340)	/library/FED-340	/exhibit/FED-340
Ex. FED-342	Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised) (Apr. 7, 2020…	Federal Reserve Board, FDIC, NCUA, OCC, CFPB and the Conference of State Bank Supervisors	Apr. 7, 2020	Federal Reserve Board, FDIC, NCUA, OCC, CFPB and the Conference of State Bank Supervisors, Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised) (Apr. 7, 2020; original Mar. 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-342)	/library/FED-342	/exhibit/FED-342
Ex. FED-343	Treatment of Certain COVID-19 Related Loss Mitigation Options Under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA) (Regulation X) (interim final rule), 85…	Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection	June 30, 2020	Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, Treatment of Certain COVID-19 Related Loss Mitigation Options Under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA) (Regulation X) (interim final rule), 85 Fed. Reg. 39055 (June 30, 2020) (Ex. FED-343)	/library/FED-343	/exhibit/FED-343
Ex. FED-344	Protections for Borrowers Affected by the COVID-19 Emergency Under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA), Regulation X (final rule), 86 Fed. Reg.…	Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection	June 25, 2021	Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, Protections for Borrowers Affected by the COVID-19 Emergency Under the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (RESPA), Regulation X (final rule), 86 Fed. Reg. 34848 (June 30, 2021) (June 25, 2021) (Ex. FED-344)	/library/FED-344	/exhibit/FED-344
Ex. FED-345	Memorandum of August 8, 2020, Continued Student Loan Payment Relief During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 85 Fed. Reg. 49585 (Aug. 13, 2020)	President Donald J. Trump (Memorandum for the Secretary of Education)	Aug. 8, 2020	President Donald J. Trump (Memorandum for the Secretary of Education), Memorandum of August 8, 2020, Continued Student Loan Payment Relief During the COVID-19 Pandemic, 85 Fed. Reg. 49585 (Aug. 13, 2020) (Aug. 8, 2020) (Ex. FED-345)	/library/FED-345	/exhibit/FED-345
Ex. FED-346	FHFA news release of Mar. 18, 2020: FHFA Suspends Foreclosures and Evictions for Enterprise-Backed Mortgages	Federal Housing Finance Agency (Director Mark Calabria), directing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac	Mar. 18, 2020	Federal Housing Finance Agency (Director Mark Calabria), directing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, FHFA news release of Mar. 18, 2020: FHFA Suspends Foreclosures and Evictions for Enterprise-Backed Mortgages (Ex. FED-346)	/library/FED-346	/exhibit/FED-346
Ex. FED-348	FHFA news release of June 17, 2020: FHFA Extends Foreclosure and Eviction Moratorium (to Aug. 31, 2020)	Federal Housing Finance Agency	June 17, 2020	Federal Housing Finance Agency, FHFA news release of June 17, 2020: FHFA Extends Foreclosure and Eviction Moratorium (to Aug. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-348)	/library/FED-348	/exhibit/FED-348
Ex. FED-349	FHFA news release of Aug. 27, 2020: FHFA Extends Foreclosure and REO Eviction Moratoriums (to Dec. 31, 2020)	Federal Housing Finance Agency	Aug. 27, 2020	Federal Housing Finance Agency, FHFA news release of Aug. 27, 2020: FHFA Extends Foreclosure and REO Eviction Moratoriums (to Dec. 31, 2020) (Ex. FED-349)	/library/FED-349	/exhibit/FED-349
Ex. FED-350	FHFA news release of Dec. 2, 2020: FHFA Extends Foreclosure and REO Eviction Moratoriums (to Jan. 31, 2021)	Federal Housing Finance Agency	Dec. 2, 2020	Federal Housing Finance Agency, FHFA news release of Dec. 2, 2020: FHFA Extends Foreclosure and REO Eviction Moratoriums (to Jan. 31, 2021) (Ex. FED-350)	/library/FED-350	/exhibit/FED-350
Ex. FED-353	FHFA news release of Feb. 25, 2021: FHFA Extends COVID-19 Forbearance Period and Foreclosure and REO Eviction Moratoriums (to June 30, 2021; forbearance to 18…	Federal Housing Finance Agency	Feb. 25, 2021	Federal Housing Finance Agency, FHFA news release of Feb. 25, 2021: FHFA Extends COVID-19 Forbearance Period and Foreclosure and REO Eviction Moratoriums (to June 30, 2021; forbearance to 18 months) (Ex. FED-353)	/library/FED-353	/exhibit/FED-353
Ex. FED-354	FHFA news release of June 24, 2021: FHFA Extends COVID-19 Foreclosure and REO Eviction Moratoriums (to July 31, 2021)	Federal Housing Finance Agency	June 24, 2021	Federal Housing Finance Agency, FHFA news release of June 24, 2021: FHFA Extends COVID-19 Foreclosure and REO Eviction Moratoriums (to July 31, 2021) (Ex. FED-354)	/library/FED-354	/exhibit/FED-354
Ex. FED-355	FHFA news release of July 30, 2021: FHFA Extends COVID-19 REO Eviction Moratorium Through September 30, 2021	Federal Housing Finance Agency (with the Agencies' Joint Statement on Agency Actions to Prevent Evictions of the same date)	July 30, 2021	Federal Housing Finance Agency (with the Agencies' Joint Statement on Agency Actions to Prevent Evictions of the same date), FHFA news release of July 30, 2021: FHFA Extends COVID-19 REO Eviction Moratorium Through September 30, 2021 (Ex. FED-355)	/library/FED-355	/exhibit/FED-355
Ex. FED-356	Mortgagee Letter 2020-04	U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Federal Housing Administration (Assistant Secretary for Housing - Federal Housing Commissioner)	Mar. 18, 2020	U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Federal Housing Administration (Assistant Secretary for Housing - Federal Housing Commissioner), Mortgagee Letter 2020-04 (Mar. 18, 2020) (Ex. FED-356)	/library/FED-356	/exhibit/FED-356
Ex. FED-359	Mortgagee Letter 2020-19	HUD, Federal Housing Administration	June 17, 2020	HUD, Federal Housing Administration, Mortgagee Letter 2020-19 (June 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-359)	/library/FED-359
Ex. FED-360	Mortgagee Letter 2020-27	HUD, Federal Housing Administration	Aug. 27, 2020	HUD, Federal Housing Administration, Mortgagee Letter 2020-27 (Aug. 27, 2020) (Ex. FED-360)	/library/FED-360	/exhibit/FED-360
Ex. FED-361	Mortgagee Letter 2020-43	HUD, Federal Housing Administration	Dec. 17, 2020	HUD, Federal Housing Administration, Mortgagee Letter 2020-43 (Dec. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-361)	/library/FED-361	/exhibit/FED-361
Ex. FED-362	Mortgagee Letter 2021-03	HUD, Federal Housing Administration	Jan. 21, 2021	HUD, Federal Housing Administration, Mortgagee Letter 2021-03 (Jan. 21, 2021) (Ex. FED-362)	/library/FED-362	/exhibit/FED-362
Ex. FED-363	Mortgagee Letter 2021-05	HUD, Federal Housing Administration	Feb. 16, 2021	HUD, Federal Housing Administration, Mortgagee Letter 2021-05 (Feb. 16, 2021) (Ex. FED-363)	/library/FED-363	/exhibit/FED-363
Ex. FED-364	Mortgagee Letter 2021-15	HUD, Federal Housing Administration	June 25, 2021	HUD, Federal Housing Administration, Mortgagee Letter 2021-15 (June 25, 2021) (Ex. FED-364)	/library/FED-364	/exhibit/FED-364
Ex. FED-365	Mortgagee Letter 2021-18	HUD, Federal Housing Administration	July 23, 2021	HUD, Federal Housing Administration, Mortgagee Letter 2021-18 (July 23, 2021) (Ex. FED-365)	/library/FED-365	/exhibit/FED-365
Ex. FED-367	Circular 26-20-7	Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Benefits Administration, Loan Guaranty Service	Mar. 16, 2020	Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Benefits Administration, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-20-7 (Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. FED-367)	/library/FED-367	/exhibit/FED-367
Ex. FED-368	Circular 26-20-8	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	Mar. 18, 2020	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-20-8 (Mar. 18, 2020) (Ex. FED-368)	/library/FED-368	/exhibit/FED-368
Ex. FED-369	Circular 26-20-12	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	Apr. 8, 2020	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-20-12 (Apr. 8, 2020) (Ex. FED-369)	/library/FED-369	/exhibit/FED-369
Ex. FED-371	Circular 26-20-22	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	June 17, 2020	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-20-22 (June 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-371)	/library/FED-371	/exhibit/FED-371
Ex. FED-372	Circular 26-20-23	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	June 18, 2020	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-20-23 (June 18, 2020) (Ex. FED-372)	/library/FED-372	/exhibit/FED-372
Ex. FED-373	Circular 26-20-29	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	Aug. 24, 2020	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-20-29 (Aug. 24, 2020) (Ex. FED-373)	/library/FED-373	/exhibit/FED-373
Ex. FED-374	Circular 26-20-30	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	Aug. 24, 2020	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-20-30 (Aug. 24, 2020) (Ex. FED-374)	/library/FED-374	/exhibit/FED-374
Ex. FED-375	Circular 26-20-40	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	Dec. 28, 2020	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-20-40 (Dec. 28, 2020) (Ex. FED-375)	/library/FED-375	/exhibit/FED-375
Ex. FED-376	Circular 26-21-2	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	Jan. 29, 2021	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-21-2 (Jan. 29, 2021) (Ex. FED-376)	/library/FED-376	/exhibit/FED-376
Ex. FED-377	Circular 26-21-5	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	Feb. 16, 2021	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-21-5 (Feb. 16, 2021) (Ex. FED-377)	/library/FED-377
Ex. FED-378	Circular 26-21-10	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	June 25, 2021	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-21-10 (June 25, 2021) (Ex. FED-378)	/library/FED-378	/exhibit/FED-378
Ex. FED-379	Circular 26-21-14	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	July 30, 2021	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-21-14 (July 30, 2021) (Ex. FED-379)	/library/FED-379	/exhibit/FED-379
Ex. FED-380	Circular 26-21-20	VA, Loan Guaranty Service	Sept. 29, 2021	VA, Loan Guaranty Service, Circular 26-21-20 (Sept. 29, 2021) (Ex. FED-380)	/library/FED-380	/exhibit/FED-380
Ex. FED-382	USDA Rural Development releases of Dec. 2020, Jan. 2021 and Feb. 16-17, 2021 extending the Single Family Housing foreclosure and eviction moratorium and…	USDA Rural Development	Dec. 28, 2020	USDA Rural Development, USDA Rural Development releases of Dec. 2020, Jan. 2021 and Feb. 16-17, 2021 extending the Single Family Housing foreclosure and eviction moratorium and forbearance options (to Jan. 31, Feb. 28 and June 30, 2021) (Dec. 28, 2020) (Ex. FED-382)	/library/FED-382
Ex. FED-384	USDA Rural Development release of June 24-25, 2021: Biden-Harris Administration Extends Foreclosure Moratorium and Provides Relief (moratorium to July 31, 2021…	USDA Rural Development (with the White House announcement of June 24, 2021)	June 24, 2021	USDA Rural Development (with the White House announcement of June 24, 2021), USDA Rural Development release of June 24-25, 2021: Biden-Harris Administration Extends Foreclosure Moratorium and Provides Relief (moratorium to July 31, 2021; forbearance enrollment to Sept. 30, 2021) (June 24, 2021) (Ex. FED-384)	/library/FED-384
Ex. FED-385	USDA Rural Development release of July 30, 2021: Biden-Harris Administration Extends Eviction Moratorium for Homeowners (to Sept. 30, 2021)	USDA Rural Development (with the Agencies' Joint Statement of July 30, 2021)	July 30, 2021	USDA Rural Development (with the Agencies' Joint Statement of July 30, 2021), USDA Rural Development release of July 30, 2021: Biden-Harris Administration Extends Eviction Moratorium for Homeowners (to Sept. 30, 2021) (Ex. FED-385)	/library/FED-385	/exhibit/FED-385
Ex. FED-386	Secretary of the Interior memorandum, Ensuring the Continued Performance of the Mission of the Department of the Interior during the Global Coronavirus…	Secretary of the Interior David L. Bernhardt	Mar. 22, 2020	Secretary of the Interior David L. Bernhardt, Secretary of the Interior memorandum, Ensuring the Continued Performance of the Mission of the Department of the Interior during the Global Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic (Mar. 22, 2020) (Ex. FED-386)	/library/FED-386	/exhibit/FED-386
Ex. FED-387	NPS news release of Mar. 18, 2020: National Park Service to Temporarily Suspend Park Entrance Fees (with the accompanying direction that superintendents modify…	Secretary of the Interior David L. Bernhardt; National Park Service	Mar. 18, 2020	Secretary of the Interior David L. Bernhardt; National Park Service, NPS news release of Mar. 18, 2020: National Park Service to Temporarily Suspend Park Entrance Fees (with the accompanying direction that superintendents modify operations and close facilities) (Ex. FED-387)	/library/FED-387	/exhibit/FED-387
Ex. FED-389	BLM news release of Mar. 27, 2020: BLM temporarily closes developed recreation facilities in Oregon	Bureau of Land Management, Oregon/Washington State Office and District Managers	Mar. 27, 2020	Bureau of Land Management, Oregon/Washington State Office and District Managers, BLM news release of Mar. 27, 2020: BLM temporarily closes developed recreation facilities in Oregon (Ex. FED-389)	/library/FED-389	/exhibit/FED-389
Ex. FED-390	Reclamation news release of Mar. 17, 2020: Hoover Dam temporarily closed to all visitors	Bureau of Reclamation	Mar. 17, 2020	Bureau of Reclamation, Reclamation news release of Mar. 17, 2020: Hoover Dam temporarily closed to all visitors (Ex. FED-390)	/library/FED-390	/exhibit/FED-390
Ex. FED-391	USDA announcement of Mar. 23, 2020: USDA Service Centers Open for Business by Phone Appointment Only	U.S. Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation mission area	Mar. 23, 2020	U.S. Department of Agriculture, Farm Production and Conservation mission area, USDA announcement of Mar. 23, 2020: USDA Service Centers Open for Business by Phone Appointment Only (Ex. FED-391)	/library/FED-391
Ex. FED-393	USACE district closures of recreation areas, campgrounds, visitor centers and project offices (March 2020); HQ release 'Army Corps-managed campgrounds to remain…	U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Headquarters and district commanders	Mar. 17, 2020	U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Headquarters and district commanders, USACE district closures of recreation areas, campgrounds, visitor centers and project offices (March 2020); HQ release 'Army Corps-managed campgrounds to remain closed until further notice' (April 2020); gradual reopening release of May 21, 2020 (Mar. 17, 2020) (Ex. FED-393)	/library/FED-393
Ex. FED-396	The President's Coronavirus Guidelines for America: 15 Days to Slow the Spread (Mar. 16, 2020), extended Mar. 29, 2020 as 30 Days to Slow the Spread through…	The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force (with CDC)	Mar. 16, 2020	The President and the White House Coronavirus Task Force (with CDC), The President's Coronavirus Guidelines for America: 15 Days to Slow the Spread (Mar. 16, 2020), extended Mar. 29, 2020 as 30 Days to Slow the Spread through Apr. 30, 2020 (Ex. FED-396)	/library/FED-396	/exhibit/FED-396
Ex. FED-398	H.Res. 965, Authorizing remote voting by proxy in the House of Representatives and providing for official remote committee proceedings during a public health…	U.S. House of Representatives (H.Res. 965, 116th Cong., agreed to May 15, 2020)	May 15, 2020	U.S. House of Representatives (H.Res. 965, 116th Cong., agreed to May 15, 2020), H.Res. 965, Authorizing remote voting by proxy in the House of Representatives and providing for official remote committee proceedings during a public health emergency due to a novel coronavirus (May 15, 2020) (Ex. FED-398)	/library/FED-398	/exhibit/FED-398
Ex. HI-024	Emergency Proclamation Related to the COVID-19 Response	Governor David Y. Ige	Aug. 5, 2021	Governor David Y. Ige, Emergency Proclamation Related to the COVID-19 Response (Aug. 5, 2021) (Ex. HI-024)	/library/HI-024	/exhibit/HI-024
Ex. IL-041	Executive Order 2021-19 (COVID-19 Executive Order No. 86)	Governor JB Pritzker	Aug. 20, 2021	Governor JB Pritzker, Executive Order 2021-19 (COVID-19 Executive Order No. 86) (Aug. 20, 2021) (Ex. IL-041)	/library/IL-041	/exhibit/IL-041
Ex. IL-042	Executive Order 2021-20 (COVID-19 Executive Order No. 87)	Governor JB Pritzker	Aug. 26, 2021	Governor JB Pritzker, Executive Order 2021-20 (COVID-19 Executive Order No. 87) (Aug. 26, 2021) (Ex. IL-042)	/library/IL-042	/exhibit/IL-042
Ex. IL-056	Secretary of State release (Nov. 2020)	Illinois Secretary of State Jesse White	Nov. 16, 2020	Illinois Secretary of State Jesse White, Secretary of State release (Nov. 2020) (Nov. 16, 2020) (Ex. IL-056)	/library/IL-056	/exhibit/IL-056
Ex. LA-036	Proclamation 137 JBE 2021	Governor John Bel Edwards	Aug. 2, 2021	Governor John Bel Edwards, Proclamation 137 JBE 2021 (Aug. 2, 2021) (Ex. LA-036)	/library/LA-036	/exhibit/LA-036
Ex. LA-037	Proclamation 145 JBE 2021	Governor John Bel Edwards	Aug. 6, 2021	Governor John Bel Edwards, Proclamation 145 JBE 2021 (Aug. 6, 2021) (Ex. LA-037)	/library/LA-037	/exhibit/LA-037
Ex. LA-038	Proclamation 167 JBE 2021	Governor John Bel Edwards	Aug. 31, 2021	Governor John Bel Edwards, Proclamation 167 JBE 2021 (Aug. 31, 2021) (Ex. LA-038)	/library/LA-038	/exhibit/LA-038
Ex. LA-039	Proclamation 168 JBE 2021	Governor John Bel Edwards	Aug. 31, 2021	Governor John Bel Edwards, Proclamation 168 JBE 2021 (Aug. 31, 2021) (Ex. LA-039)	/library/LA-039	/exhibit/LA-039
Ex. LAW-001	CARES Act, Pub. L. 116-136, 134 Stat. 281 (Mar. 27, 2020) (Statutes at Large pages; sec. 2301 at 347-351)	United States Congress	Mar. 27, 2020	United States Congress, CARES Act, Pub. L. 116-136, 134 Stat. 281 (Mar. 27, 2020) (Statutes at Large pages; sec. 2301 at 347-351) (Ex. LAW-001)	/library/LAW-001	/exhibit/LAW-001
Ex. LAW-002	Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, Pub. L. 116-260, 134 Stat. 1182 (Dec. 27, 2020) (div. EE, Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020, secs.…	United States Congress	Dec. 27, 2020	United States Congress, Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, Pub. L. 116-260, 134 Stat. 1182 (Dec. 27, 2020) (div. EE, Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2020, secs. 206-207 at 134 Stat. 3059-3065) (Ex. LAW-002)	/library/LAW-002	/exhibit/LAW-002
Ex. LAW-003	American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, Pub. L. 117-2, 135 Stat. 4 (Mar. 11, 2021) (sec. 9651 at 176-182)	United States Congress	Mar. 11, 2021	United States Congress, American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, Pub. L. 117-2, 135 Stat. 4 (Mar. 11, 2021) (sec. 9651 at 176-182) (Ex. LAW-003)	/library/LAW-003	/exhibit/LAW-003
Ex. LAW-004	Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, Pub. L. 117-58, 135 Stat. 429 (Nov. 15, 2021) (sec. 80604 at 1341)	United States Congress	Nov. 15, 2021	United States Congress, Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, Pub. L. 117-58, 135 Stat. 429 (Nov. 15, 2021) (sec. 80604 at 1341) (Ex. LAW-004)	/library/LAW-004	/exhibit/LAW-004
Ex. MET-HNL-030	Emergency Order No. 2021-08	Mayor Rick Blangiardi	June 9, 2021	Mayor Rick Blangiardi, Emergency Order No. 2021-08 (June 9, 2021) (Ex. MET-HNL-030)	/library/MET-HNL-030	/exhibit/MET-HNL-030
Ex. MET-HNL-032	Emergency Order No. 2021-09	Mayor Rick Blangiardi	July 2, 2021	Mayor Rick Blangiardi, Emergency Order No. 2021-09 (July 2, 2021) (Ex. MET-HNL-032)	/library/MET-HNL-032	/exhibit/MET-HNL-032
Ex. MET-HNL-037	Proclamation and Emergency Order No. 2021-13	Mayor Rick Blangiardi	Sept. 17, 2021	Mayor Rick Blangiardi, Proclamation and Emergency Order No. 2021-13 (Sept. 17, 2021) (Ex. MET-HNL-037)	/library/MET-HNL-037	/exhibit/MET-HNL-037
Ex. MET-HNL-038	Emergency Order No. 2021-13, Exhibit B (Designated Businesses and Operations - Required Conditions)	Mayor Rick Blangiardi	Sept. 17, 2021	Mayor Rick Blangiardi, Emergency Order No. 2021-13, Exhibit B (Designated Businesses and Operations - Required Conditions) (Sept. 17, 2021) (Ex. MET-HNL-038)	/library/MET-HNL-038	/exhibit/MET-HNL-038
Ex. MET-LA-012	Revised Temporary Targeted Safer at Home Health Officer Order for Control of COVID-19: Tier 1 Substantial Surge Updated Response (Dec. 30, 2020)	County of Los Angeles Health Officer	Dec. 30, 2020	County of Los Angeles Health Officer, Revised Temporary Targeted Safer at Home Health Officer Order for Control of COVID-19: Tier 1 Substantial Surge Updated Response (Dec. 30, 2020) (Ex. MET-LA-012)	/library/MET-LA-012	/exhibit/MET-LA-012
Ex. MET-LA-015	Reopening Safer at Work and in the Community, Blueprint Orange Tier Risk Reduction Measures (Revised Order Issued Apr. 14, 2021; effective 12:01 a.m. Apr. 15…	County of Los Angeles Health Officer	Apr. 14, 2021	County of Los Angeles Health Officer, Reopening Safer at Work and in the Community, Blueprint Orange Tier Risk Reduction Measures (Revised Order Issued Apr. 14, 2021; effective 12:01 a.m. Apr. 15, 2021) (Ex. MET-LA-015)	/library/MET-LA-015	/exhibit/MET-LA-015
Ex. MET-LA-018	Responding Together at Work and in the Community, Beyond the Blueprint, Substantial Transmission (Issue Date July 16, 2021; effective 11:59 p.m. July 17, 2021)	County of Los Angeles Health Officer	July 16, 2021	County of Los Angeles Health Officer, Responding Together at Work and in the Community, Beyond the Blueprint, Substantial Transmission (Issue Date July 16, 2021; effective 11:59 p.m. July 17, 2021) (Ex. MET-LA-018)	/library/MET-LA-018	/exhibit/MET-LA-018
Ex. MET-LA-021	Health Officer Order for the Control of COVID-19: Public Health Emergency Quarantine Order (Revised Order Issued Aug. 26, 2021)	County of Los Angeles Health Officer	Aug. 26, 2021	County of Los Angeles Health Officer, Health Officer Order for the Control of COVID-19: Public Health Emergency Quarantine Order (Revised Order Issued Aug. 26, 2021) (Ex. MET-LA-021)	/library/MET-LA-021	/exhibit/MET-LA-021
Ex. MET-LA-022	Health Officer Order for the Control of COVID-19: Public Health Emergency Isolation Order (Revised Order Issued Aug. 26, 2021)	County of Los Angeles Health Officer	Aug. 26, 2021	County of Los Angeles Health Officer, Health Officer Order for the Control of COVID-19: Public Health Emergency Isolation Order (Revised Order Issued Aug. 26, 2021) (Ex. MET-LA-022)	/library/MET-LA-022	/exhibit/MET-LA-022
Ex. MET-LA-071	Reopening Safer at Work and in the Community, Blueprint for a Safer Economy Red Tier Risk Reduction Measures (Revised Order Issued Mar. 12, 2021; effective…	County of Los Angeles Health Officer	Mar. 12, 2021	County of Los Angeles Health Officer, Reopening Safer at Work and in the Community, Blueprint for a Safer Economy Red Tier Risk Reduction Measures (Revised Order Issued Mar. 12, 2021; effective 12:01 a.m. Mar. 15, 2021) (Ex. MET-LA-071)	/library/MET-LA-071	/exhibit/MET-LA-071
Ex. NM-065	Executive Order 2021-049	Governor Michelle Lujan Grisham	Aug. 16, 2021	Governor Michelle Lujan Grisham, Executive Order 2021-049 (Aug. 16, 2021) (Ex. NM-065)	/library/NM-065	/exhibit/NM-065
Ex. NV-041	Declaration of Emergency Directive 047	Governor Steve Sisolak	July 27, 2021	Governor Steve Sisolak, Declaration of Emergency Directive 047 (July 27, 2021) (Ex. NV-041)	/library/NV-041	/exhibit/NV-041
Ex. NV-067	Updated Nevada COVID-19 Guidance: Delta Variant, Vaccinations and Masks (Nevada's Roadmap to Recovery, July 2021)	Nevada Health Response (Office of the Governor and DHHS)	July 29, 2021	Nevada Health Response (Office of the Governor and DHHS), Updated Nevada COVID-19 Guidance: Delta Variant, Vaccinations and Masks (Nevada's Roadmap to Recovery, July 2021) (July 29, 2021) (Ex. NV-067)	/library/NV-067	/exhibit/NV-067
Ex. OR-048	OAR 333-019-1025 (temporary rule PH 35-2021; amended PH 41-2021 and PH 83-2021; permanent PH 15-2022)	Oregon Health Authority, Public Health Division	Aug. 11, 2021	Oregon Health Authority, Public Health Division, OAR 333-019-1025 (temporary rule PH 35-2021; amended PH 41-2021 and PH 83-2021; permanent PH 15-2022) (Aug. 11, 2021) (Ex. OR-048)	/library/OR-048	/exhibit/OR-048
Ex. OR-057	ODOT/DMV bulletin (June 29, 2021)	Oregon Department of Transportation, Driver and Motor Vehicle Services (DMV)	June 29, 2021	Oregon Department of Transportation, Driver and Motor Vehicle Services (DMV), ODOT/DMV bulletin (June 29, 2021) (Ex. OR-057)	/library/OR-057	/exhibit/OR-057
Ex. SEC-08-002	Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 2.0	DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency	Mar. 28, 2020	DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 2.0 (Mar. 28, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-002)	/library/SEC-08-002	/exhibit/SEC-08-002
Ex. SEC-08-003	Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 3.0	DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency	Apr. 17, 2020	DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 3.0 (Apr. 17, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-003)	/library/SEC-08-003	/exhibit/SEC-08-003
Ex. SEC-08-004	COVID-19 Jurisdiction Temporary Operational Changes table	American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (compilation of jurisdiction reports)	May 12, 2020	American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (compilation of jurisdiction reports), COVID-19 Jurisdiction Temporary Operational Changes table (May 12, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-004)	/library/SEC-08-004	/exhibit/SEC-08-004
Ex. SEC-08-005	COVID-19 Jurisdiction Temporary Operational Changes table	American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators	Apr. 30, 2020	American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, COVID-19 Jurisdiction Temporary Operational Changes table (Apr. 30, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-005)	/library/SEC-08-005	/exhibit/SEC-08-005
Ex. SEC-08-006	Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 4.1	DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency	Aug. 10, 2021	DHS Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Guidance on the Essential Critical Infrastructure Workforce, version 4.1 (Aug. 10, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-006)	/library/SEC-08-006	/exhibit/SEC-08-006
Ex. SEC-08-010	Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0	Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work)	June 11, 2020	Cabinet for Health and Family Services and Governor Beshear (Healthy at Work), Healthy at Work Requirements for Vehicle and Boat Dealerships, Version 2.0 (June 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-010)	/library/SEC-08-010	/exhibit/SEC-08-010
Ex. SEC-08-012	Industry Operation Guidance (Life-Sustaining Business list)	Governor Wolf and Secretary of Health	Mar. 19, 2020	Governor Wolf and Secretary of Health, Industry Operation Guidance (Life-Sustaining Business list) (Mar. 19, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-012)	/library/SEC-08-012
Ex. SEC-08-013	Life-Sustaining Business Frequently Asked Questions (Apr. 20, 2020)	Governor's Office	Apr. 20, 2020	Governor's Office, Life-Sustaining Business Frequently Asked Questions (Apr. 20, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-013)	/library/SEC-08-013	/exhibit/SEC-08-013
Ex. SEC-08-014	Guidance for Determining Whether a Business Enterprise is Subject to a Workforce Reduction Under Recent Executive Orders (Apr. 2, 2020 capture)	Empire State Development	Apr. 2, 2020	Empire State Development, Guidance for Determining Whether a Business Enterprise is Subject to a Workforce Reduction Under Recent Executive Orders (Apr. 2, 2020 capture) (Ex. SEC-08-014)	/library/SEC-08-014
Ex. SEC-08-015	ESD Essential Business Guidance (as of June 10, 2020)	Empire State Development	June 8, 2020	Empire State Development, ESD Essential Business Guidance (as of June 10, 2020) (June 8, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-015)	/library/SEC-08-015	/exhibit/SEC-08-015
Ex. SEC-08-020	Notice of Request for Public Comments on Risks in the Semiconductor Supply Chain	Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security	Sept. 24, 2021	Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security, Notice of Request for Public Comments on Risks in the Semiconductor Supply Chain (Sept. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-020)	/library/SEC-08-020	/exhibit/SEC-08-020
Ex. SEC-08-021	EO 14017, America's Supply Chains	President Biden	Feb. 24, 2021	President Biden, EO 14017, America's Supply Chains (Feb. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-021)	/library/SEC-08-021	/exhibit/SEC-08-021
Ex. SEC-08-022	Beige Book, September 8, 2021	Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System	Sept. 8, 2021	Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Beige Book, September 8, 2021 (Sept. 8, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-022)	/library/SEC-08-022	/exhibit/SEC-08-022
Ex. SEC-08-030	Advance Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, April 2020 (CB20-69)	U.S. Census Bureau	May 15, 2020	U.S. Census Bureau, Advance Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, April 2020 (CB20-69) (May 15, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-030)	/library/SEC-08-030	/exhibit/SEC-08-030
Ex. SEC-08-032	Advance Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, March 2020	U.S. Census Bureau	Apr. 15, 2020	U.S. Census Bureau, Advance Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, March 2020 (Apr. 15, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-032)	/library/SEC-08-032	/exhibit/SEC-08-032
Ex. SEC-08-040	Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020)	Governor Abbott	Mar. 16, 2020	Governor Abbott, Temporary waiver of vehicle title and registration requirements (press release, Mar. 16, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-040)	/library/SEC-08-040
Ex. SEC-08-GM-001	SEMA Show homepage notice: 'Update about the 2020 SEMA Show' (cancellation)	SEMA	Aug. 4, 2020	SEMA, SEMA Show homepage notice: 'Update about the 2020 SEMA Show' (cancellation) (Aug. 4, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-001)	/library/SEC-08-GM-001	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-001
Ex. SEC-08-GM-002	AAPEX homepage notice: 'AAPEX 2020 To Be Virtual Experience' (Aug. 5, 2020)	Auto Care Association and MEMA/AASA (co-owners)	Aug. 5, 2020	Auto Care Association and MEMA/AASA (co-owners), AAPEX homepage notice: 'AAPEX 2020 To Be Virtual Experience' (Aug. 5, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-002)	/library/SEC-08-GM-002	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-002
Ex. SEC-08-GM-003	World Ag Expo homepage: '2021 World Ag Expo Cancelled. Next show: February 8-10, 2022'	International Agri-Center	Sept. 22, 2020	International Agri-Center, World Ag Expo homepage: '2021 World Ag Expo Cancelled. Next show: February 8-10, 2022' (Sept. 22, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-003)	/library/SEC-08-GM-003	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-003
Ex. SEC-08-GM-004	CONEXPO-CON/AGG & IFPE Statement Regarding Closing 1 Day Early, Friday, March 13 at 5 p.m. (3/13/2020)	Association of Equipment Manufacturers (AEM)	Mar. 13, 2020	Association of Equipment Manufacturers (AEM), CONEXPO-CON/AGG & IFPE Statement Regarding Closing 1 Day Early, Friday, March 13 at 5 p.m. (3/13/2020) (Mar. 13, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-004)	/library/SEC-08-GM-004	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-004
Ex. SEC-08-GM-005	PRVCA, America's Largest RV Show homepage: 2020 Hershey show cancelled; 2021 dates Sept. 15-19	Pennsylvania Recreation Vehicle and Camping Association (PRVCA)	Aug. 14, 2020	Pennsylvania Recreation Vehicle and Camping Association (PRVCA), PRVCA, America's Largest RV Show homepage: 2020 Hershey show cancelled; 2021 dates Sept. 15-19 (Aug. 14, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-005)	/library/SEC-08-GM-005	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-005
Ex. SEC-08-GM-006	FRVTA homepage: '2021 Florida RV Supershow Successful for Exhibitors' (attendance off about 25%); Ft Myers RV Show Jan. 21-24, 2021 'CANCELLED'	Florida RV Trade Association (FRVTA)	Jan. 24, 2021	Florida RV Trade Association (FRVTA), FRVTA homepage: '2021 Florida RV Supershow Successful for Exhibitors' (attendance off about 25%); Ft Myers RV Show Jan. 21-24, 2021 'CANCELLED' (Jan. 24, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-006)	/library/SEC-08-GM-006	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-006
Ex. SEC-08-GM-007	Miami International Boat Show homepage: '2021 Show has been Canceled. We look forward to seeing you in 2022!'	National Marine Manufacturers Association (NMMA)	Nov. 28, 2020	National Marine Manufacturers Association (NMMA), Miami International Boat Show homepage: '2021 Show has been Canceled. We look forward to seeing you in 2022!' (Nov. 28, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-007)	/library/SEC-08-GM-007	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-007
Ex. SEC-08-GM-008	NMMA release, 'NMMA Announces Modifications to 2021 Boat & Sport Show Schedule, Reveals New Program Launching This Winter' (Oct. 29, 2020)	National Marine Manufacturers Association (NMMA)	Oct. 29, 2020	National Marine Manufacturers Association (NMMA), NMMA release, 'NMMA Announces Modifications to 2021 Boat & Sport Show Schedule, Reveals New Program Launching This Winter' (Oct. 29, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-008)	/library/SEC-08-GM-008	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-008
Ex. SEC-08-GM-009	NAIAS release (PR Newswire), '2020 North American International Auto Show Cancels Amid COVID-19 Pandemic/Expected TCF Center Conversion' (Mar. 28, 2020)	Detroit Auto Dealers Association (DADA)	Mar. 28, 2020	Detroit Auto Dealers Association (DADA), NAIAS release (PR Newswire), '2020 North American International Auto Show Cancels Amid COVID-19 Pandemic/Expected TCF Center Conversion' (Mar. 28, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-009)	/library/SEC-08-GM-009	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-009
Ex. SEC-08-GM-010	NAIAS release (PR Newswire), 'North American International Auto Show Moves Reimagined Show to September 2021 and Beyond' (Sept. 21, 2020)	DADA	Sept. 21, 2020	DADA, NAIAS release (PR Newswire), 'North American International Auto Show Moves Reimagined Show to September 2021 and Beyond' (Sept. 21, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-010)	/library/SEC-08-GM-010	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-010
Ex. SEC-08-GM-011	NYIAS release (PR Newswire), 'Organizers Announce Rescheduling of 2020 New York International Auto Show' (Mar. 11, 2020)	Greater New York Automobile Dealers Association (GNYADA)	Mar. 11, 2020	Greater New York Automobile Dealers Association (GNYADA), NYIAS release (PR Newswire), 'Organizers Announce Rescheduling of 2020 New York International Auto Show' (Mar. 11, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-011)	/library/SEC-08-GM-011	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-011
Ex. SEC-08-GM-012	NYIAS homepage: '2021 Auto Show Cancelled. All 2021 Show Ticket Purchasers will automatically receive a refund' (capture Aug. 5, 2021)	GNYADA	Aug. 4, 2021	GNYADA, NYIAS homepage: '2021 Auto Show Cancelled. All 2021 Show Ticket Purchasers will automatically receive a refund' (capture Aug. 5, 2021) (Aug. 4, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-012)	/library/SEC-08-GM-012	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-012
Ex. SEC-08-GM-013	GIE+EXPO release, 'GIE+EXPO Organizers Postpone 2020 Tradeshow to 2021' (July 29, 2020)	GIE/OPEI, LLC (Outdoor Power Equipment Institute and partners)	July 29, 2020	GIE/OPEI, LLC (Outdoor Power Equipment Institute and partners), GIE+EXPO release, 'GIE+EXPO Organizers Postpone 2020 Tradeshow to 2021' (July 29, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-013)	/library/SEC-08-GM-013	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-013
Ex. SEC-08-GM-014	NTEA Work Truck Week 2021 attendee FAQ: 'a typical Work Truck Week is not possible in 2021' (capture Nov. 29, 2020)	NTEA - The Association for the Work Truck Industry	Nov. 29, 2020	NTEA - The Association for the Work Truck Industry, NTEA Work Truck Week 2021 attendee FAQ: 'a typical Work Truck Week is not possible in 2021' (capture Nov. 29, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-014)	/library/SEC-08-GM-014	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-014
Ex. SEC-08-GM-015	RVDA release, '2020 RV Dealers Convention/Expo Goes Virtual in November' (Nov. 9-20, 2020)	RV Dealers Association (RVDA) with RVDA of Canada		RV Dealers Association (RVDA) with RVDA of Canada, RVDA release, '2020 RV Dealers Convention/Expo Goes Virtual in November' (Nov. 9-20, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-015)	/library/SEC-08-GM-015	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-015
Ex. SEC-08-GM-016	Chicago Auto Show release (PR Newswire), 'Chicago Auto Show Concludes Successful 10-Day Run' (Feb. 19, 2020)	Chicago Automobile Trade Association (CATA)	Feb. 19, 2020	Chicago Automobile Trade Association (CATA), Chicago Auto Show release (PR Newswire), 'Chicago Auto Show Concludes Successful 10-Day Run' (Feb. 19, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-016)	/library/SEC-08-GM-016	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-016
Ex. SEC-08-GM-017	Chicago Auto Show release (PR Newswire), '2021 Chicago Auto Show Special Edition Scheduled For July 15-19' (May 4, 2021)	CATA	May 4, 2021	CATA, Chicago Auto Show release (PR Newswire), '2021 Chicago Auto Show Special Edition Scheduled For July 15-19' (May 4, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-017)	/library/SEC-08-GM-017	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-017
Ex. SEC-08-GM-018	Chicago Auto Show release (PR Newswire), '2021 Chicago Auto Show Concludes Successful Five-Day Special Edition' (July 20, 2021)	CATA	July 20, 2021	CATA, Chicago Auto Show release (PR Newswire), '2021 Chicago Auto Show Concludes Successful Five-Day Special Edition' (July 20, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-018)	/library/SEC-08-GM-018	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-018
Ex. SEC-08-GM-019	Iowa State Fair release, 'Iowa State Fair Board Votes to Postpone 2020 Iowa State Fair to 2021' (June 10, 2020)	Iowa State Fair Board	June 10, 2020	Iowa State Fair Board, Iowa State Fair release, 'Iowa State Fair Board Votes to Postpone 2020 Iowa State Fair to 2021' (June 10, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-019)	/library/SEC-08-GM-019	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-019
Ex. SEC-08-GM-020	State Fair of Texas release, '2020 State Fair of Texas Canceled Due to COVID-19 Concerns' (July 6, 2020)	State Fair of Texas (board of directors)	July 6, 2020	State Fair of Texas (board of directors), State Fair of Texas release, '2020 State Fair of Texas Canceled Due to COVID-19 Concerns' (July 6, 2020) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-020)	/library/SEC-08-GM-020	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-020
Ex. SEC-08-GM-021	State Fair of Texas release, 'State Fair of Texas Health and Safety Briefing: 30 Days Until the Fair' (Aug. 25, 2021)	State Fair of Texas (board of directors)	Aug. 25, 2021	State Fair of Texas (board of directors), State Fair of Texas release, 'State Fair of Texas Health and Safety Briefing: 30 Days Until the Fair' (Aug. 25, 2021) (Ex. SEC-08-GM-021)	/library/SEC-08-GM-021	/exhibit/SEC-08-GM-021
Ex. TX-004	Executive Order GA-09	Governor Greg Abbott	Mar. 22, 2020	Governor Greg Abbott, Executive Order GA-09 (Mar. 22, 2020) (Ex. TX-004)	/library/TX-004	/exhibit/TX-004
Ex. TX-069	TxDMV notice: The Temporary Waiver of Vehicle Title & Registration Requirements Ends April 14, 2021 (as archived March 30, 2021)	Texas Department of Motor Vehicles (implementing Governor Abbott's March 16, 2020 waiver)	Mar. 20, 2021	Texas Department of Motor Vehicles (implementing Governor Abbott's March 16, 2020 waiver), TxDMV notice: The Temporary Waiver of Vehicle Title & Registration Requirements Ends April 14, 2021 (as archived March 30, 2021) (Mar. 20, 2021) (Ex. TX-069)	/library/TX-069	/exhibit/TX-069
Ex. VA-037	16VAC25-220, Standard for Infectious Disease Prevention of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus that Causes COVID-19 (Final)	Virginia Safety and Health Codes Board, Department of Labor and Industry	Jan. 13, 2021	Virginia Safety and Health Codes Board, Department of Labor and Industry, 16VAC25-220, Standard for Infectious Disease Prevention of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus that Causes COVID-19 (Final) (Jan. 13, 2021) (Ex. VA-037)	/library/VA-037	/exhibit/VA-037
Ex. VA-038	16VAC25-220, Standard for Infectious Disease Prevention of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus that Causes COVID-19 (amendments, Final)	Virginia Safety and Health Codes Board, Department of Labor and Industry	Sept. 8, 2021	Virginia Safety and Health Codes Board, Department of Labor and Industry, 16VAC25-220, Standard for Infectious Disease Prevention of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus that Causes COVID-19 (amendments, Final) (Sept. 8, 2021) (Ex. VA-038)	/library/VA-038	/exhibit/VA-038

11. How to use this report

Keep this report with your payroll records and the other records that support your claim. The Notice itself describes what those records are. Q&A-70 says an employer "will adequately substantiate eligibility for the employee retention credit if the employer creates and maintains records that include," among other things, "any governmental order to suspend the employer's business operations" and "any records the employer relied upon to determine whether more than a nominal portion of its operations were suspended due to a governmental order or whether a governmental order had more than a nominal effect on its business operations" (Notice 2021-20, 2021-11 I.R.B. 922, Q&A-70, at 944-45). Q&A-71 says to keep those records "for at least 4 years after the date the tax becomes due or is paid, whichever comes later" (Q&A-71, at 945). This report is the first of those two items for your selection, and it is meant to sit beside the second.

If you have received a letter from the Service saying that no government orders were in effect during the quarter you claimed, this report answers that sentence with the public record, order by order. Read the quarter you claimed. For each instrument, the report gives you the issuer, the number, the dates, the words that commanded the change, the penalty behind them and the exhibit. Those are facts about the public record, and anyone can check them against the register, the code or the docket the report cites. The Service is free to argue about how much a given order affected your business. Whether the orders existed is not a matter of opinion.

Three points of public law matter to anyone holding such a letter. First, a notice that turns down a refund claim starts a clock. Under section 6532(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code, a refund suit cannot be brought "after the expiration of 2 years from the date of mailing by certified mail or registered mail by the Secretary to the taxpayer of a notice of the disallowance of the part of the claim to which the suit or proceeding relates." Second, asking the IRS Independent Office of Appeals to review the letter does not stop that clock; the Service's own page on the letter says so ("Requesting an appeal doesn't extend this time"), and section 6532(a)(4) provides that the Service's later consideration of the claim does not extend the period. Third, the period can be extended only by a written agreement between you and the Service under section 6532(a)(2), made on Form 907, Agreement to Extend the Time to Bring Suit, and effective only if the Service signs it before the two years run out.

The COVID Project does not give legal advice, and this report is not a substitute for it. Take it to your accountant, your enrolled agent or your lawyer. The dates above are public law, and the decisions they call for are yours and your adviser's to make.

Printed from covidproject.com/report?industry=08&quarters=2020Q2,2020Q3,2020Q4,2021Q1,2021Q2,2021Q3&federal=1&agencies=1&duties=1&meetings=1&answers=1 on Sept. 30, 2026. The COVID Project is a free public reference and this report is not legal advice.